2011 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 23
Contents
[hide]Problem
A bug travels in the coordinate plane, moving only along the lines that are parallel to the 
-axis or 
-axis. Let 
and 
. Consider all possible paths of the bug from 
to 
of length at most 
. How many points with integer coordinates lie on at least one of these paths?
Solution
We declare a point 
to make up for the extra steps that the bug has to move. If the point satisfies the property that 
, then it is in the desirable range because 
is the length of the shortest path from 
to 
and 
is the length of the shortest path from to 
.
If 
, then 
satisfy the property. there are 
lattice points here.
else let 
(and for 
because it is symmetrical) We set 8 as the upper bound for x because the shortest distance from to added to the shortest distance from to is 
. Since the minimum value for the difference between the y-coordinates is at 
, we get 
or 
. Thus, the upper and lower bounds for are 
and 
, respectively.
Now we test each value for x satisfying and double the result because of symmetry.
For 
, the possibles values of y are such that 
for a total of 
lattice points,
for 
, the possibles values of y are such that 
for a total of 
lattice points,
for 
, the possibles values of y are such that 
for a total of 
lattice points,
for 
, the possibles values of y are such that 
for a total of 
lattice points,
for 
, the possibles values of y are such that 
for a total of 
lattice points,
Hence, there are a total of 
lattice points.
One may also obtain the result by using Pick's Theorem(how?).
(Suggestion)
Solution 2
(Anyone mind making a diagram for this) Notice that the bug is basically moving from A to B (length 10) but going on a detour in the middle.
Specifically the detour would be of length 5 to some point and then going back by retracing its path (also length 5). Just to simplify things we can observe that the coordinates don't matter here and all we need to remember is that A and B are the diagonally opposite vertices of a 4 by 6 rectangle. The bug can start the "detour" from any point on or inside the rectangle. Notice that the bug can go 5 steps in the y direction, 5 steps in the x direction, or anything in between, so the points covered by possible detours from any point would look like a rhombus or square rotated 45 degrees (with centre at a point on or inside the rectangle). Drawing this out we would get an octagon.
Finding the final answer is then easy, for this solution I will slice the octagon into 4 rectangles (2 of which are squares) and 4 isosceles triangles. There are 
points on or inside the original triangle, 
points covered by the rectangles above and below the original one and 
points for the squares to the right and left of the original triangle. Lastly each of the four isosceles triangles cover 
points. (Notice that although the length of the detour is 5, the points on the edge of the triangles were already counted).
Adding these up, we get 
See also
| 2011 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
| Preceded by Problem 22 |
Followed by Problem 24 |
| 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
| All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions | |
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