2017 AIME II Problems/Problem 1
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[hide]Problem
Find the number of subsets of that are subsets of neither nor .
Solution 1
The number of subsets of a set with elements is . The total number of subsets of is equal to . The number of sets that are subsets of at least one of or can be found using complimentary counting. There are subsets of and subsets of . It is easy to make the mistake of assuming there are sets that are subsets of at least one of or , but the subsets of are overcounted. There are sets that are subsets of at least one of or , so there are subsets of that are subsets of neither nor . .
Solution 2
Upon inspection, a viable set must contain at least one element from both of the sets and . Since 4 and 5 are included in both of these sets, then they basically don't matter, i.e. if set A is a subset of both of those two then adding a 4 or a 5 won't change that fact. Thus, we can count the number of ways to choose at least one number from 1 to 3 and at least one number from 6 to 8, and then multiply that by the number of ways to add in 4 and 5. The number of subsets of a 3 element set is , but we want to exclude the empty set, giving us 7 ways to choose from or . We can take each of these sets and add in a 4 and/or a 5, which can be done in 4 different ways (by adding both, none, one, or the other one). Thus, the answer is .
Solution 3
Name a valid set If its intersection with is . Its intersection with sets and must not be . There are ways to choose these sets. The union of valid sets and , , , and produce all the valid sets. There are sets in question.
Solution by User:a1b2
See Also
2017 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by First Problem |
Followed by Problem 2 | |
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