1995 AHSME Problems/Problem 30

Problem

A large cube is formed by stacking 27 unit cubes. A plane is perpendicular to one of the internal diagonals of the large cube and bisects that diagonal. The number of unit cubes that the plane intersects is

$\mathrm{(A) \ 16 } \qquad \mathrm{(B) \ 17 } \qquad \mathrm{(C) \ 18 } \qquad \mathrm{(D) \ 19 } \qquad \mathrm{(E) \ 20 }$

Solution

Place one corner of the cube at the origin of the coordinate system so that its sides are parallel to the axes.

Now consider the diagonal from $(0,0,0)$ to $(3,3,3)$ . The midpoint of this diagonal is at $\left(\frac 32,\frac 32,\frac 32\right)$ . The plane that passes through this point and is orthogonal to the diagonal has the equation $x+y+z=\frac 92$ .

The unit cube with opposite corners at $(x,y,z)$ and $(x+1,y+1,z+1)$ is intersected by this plane if and only if $x+y+z < \frac 92 < (x+1)+(y+1)+(z+1)=(x+y+z)+3$ . Therefore the cube is intersected by this plane if and only if $x+y+z\in\{1,2,3,4\}$ .

There are three cubes with $x+y+z=1$ and six cubes with $x+y+z=2$ . The cases $x+y+z\in\{3,4\}$ are symmetric. Therefore there are $2(3+6)=\boxed{18}$ intersected cubes.

1995 AHSME (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by Problem 29	Followed by Final Question
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1995 AHSME Problems/Problem 30

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