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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
[*]May 19th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, What's Next After Beast Academy?, designed for students finishing Beast Academy and ready for Prealgebra 1.
[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Equal areas of the triangles on the parabola
NO_SQUARES   1
N 10 minutes ago by Photaesthesia
Source: Regional Stage of ARO 2025 10.10; also Kvant 2025 no. 3 M2837
On the graphic of the function $y=x^2$ were selected $1000$ pairwise distinct points, abscissas of which are integer numbers from the segment $[0; 100000]$. Prove that it is possible to choose six different selected points $A$, $B$, $C$, $A'$, $B'$, $C'$ such that areas of triangles $ABC$ and $A'B'C'$ are equals.
A. Tereshin
1 reply
NO_SQUARES
Yesterday at 7:41 PM
Photaesthesia
10 minutes ago
forced vertices in graphs
Davdav1232   2
N 17 minutes ago by Davdav1232
Source: Israel TST 7 2025 p2
Let \( G \) be a graph colored using \( k \) colors. We say that a vertex is forced if it has neighbors in all the other \( k - 1 \) colors.

Prove that for any \( 2024 \)-regular graph \( G \) that contains no triangles or quadrilaterals, there exists a coloring using \( 2025 \) colors such that at least \( 1013 \) of the colors have a forced vertex of that color.

Note: The graph coloring must be valid, this means no \( 2 \) vertices of the same color may be adjacent.
2 replies
+1 w
Davdav1232
May 8, 2025
Davdav1232
17 minutes ago
Transposition?
EeEeRUT   0
27 minutes ago
Source: Thailand MO 2025 P8
For each integer sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3, \dots, a_n$, a single parity swapping is to choose $2$ terms in this sequence, say $a_i$ and $a_j$, such that $a_i + a_j$ is odd, then switch their placement, while the other terms stay in place. This creates a new sequence.

Find the minimal number of single parity swapping to transform the sequence $1,2,3, \dots, 2025$ to $2025, \dots, 3, 2, 1$, using only single parity swapping.
0 replies
EeEeRUT
27 minutes ago
0 replies
Some number theory
EeEeRUT   0
34 minutes ago
Source: Thailand MO 2025 P9
Let $p$ be an odd prime and $S = \{1,2,3,\dots, p\}$
Assume that $U: S \rightarrow S$ is a bijection and $B$ is an integer such that $$B\cdot U(U(a)) - a \: \text{ is a multiple of} \: p \: \text{for all} \: a \in S$$Show that $B^{\frac{p-1}{2}} -1$ is a multiple of $p$.
0 replies
EeEeRUT
34 minutes ago
0 replies
Number theory
EeEeRUT   0
37 minutes ago
Source: Thailand MO 2025 P10
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Show that there exist a polynomial $P(x)$ with integer coefficient that satisfy the following
[list]
[*]Degree of $P(x)$ is at most $2^n - n -1$
[*]$|P(k)| = (k-1)!(2^n-k)!$ for each $k \in \{1,2,3,\dots,2^n\}$
[/list]
0 replies
EeEeRUT
37 minutes ago
0 replies
help me please,thanks
tnhan.129   1
N 40 minutes ago by pco
find f: R+ -> R such that:
f(x)/x + f(y)/y = (1/x + 1/y).f(sqrt(xy))
1 reply
tnhan.129
May 11, 2025
pco
40 minutes ago
What is thiss
EeEeRUT   0
41 minutes ago
Source: Thailand MO 2025 P6
Find all function $f: \mathbb{R}^+ \rightarrow \mathbb{R}$,such that the inequality $$f(x) + f(\frac{y}{x}) \leqslant \frac{x^3}{y^2} + \frac{y}{x^3}$$holds for all positive reals $x,y$ and for every positive real $x$, there exist positive reals $y$, such that the equality holds.
0 replies
EeEeRUT
41 minutes ago
0 replies
Divisibility with the polynomial ax^{75}+b
MathMystic33   1
N 42 minutes ago by RagvaloD
Source: Macedonian Mathematical Olympiad 2025 Problem 4
Let $P(x)=a x^{75}+b$ be a polynomial where \(a\) and \(b\) are coprime integers in the set \(\{1,2,\dots,151\}\), and suppose it satisfies the following condition: there exists at most one prime \(p\) such that for every positive integer \(k\), \(p\mid P(k)\). Prove that for every prime \(q \neq p\) there exists a positive integer \(k\) for which $q^2 \mid P(k).$
1 reply
MathMystic33
Yesterday at 5:50 PM
RagvaloD
42 minutes ago
inequality
xytunghoanh   4
N an hour ago by lbh_qys
For $a,b,c\ge 0$. Let $a+b+c=3$.
Prove or disprove
\[\sum ab +\sum ab^2 \le 6\]
4 replies
xytunghoanh
3 hours ago
lbh_qys
an hour ago
BMO Shortlist 2021 G1
Lukaluce   10
N an hour ago by s27_SaparbekovUmar
Source: BMO Shortlist 2021
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB < AC < BC$. On the side $BC$ we consider points $D$
and $E$ such that $BA = BD$ and $CE = CA$. Let $K$ be the circumcenter of triangle $ADE$ and
let $F$, $G$ be the points of intersection of the lines $AD$, $KC$ and $AE$, $KB$ respectively. Let $\omega_1$ be
the circumcircle of triangle $KDE$, $\omega_2$ the circle with center $F$ and radius $FE$, and $\omega_3$ the circle
with center $G$ and radius $GD$.
Prove that $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, and $\omega_3$ pass through the same point and that this point of intersection lies on the line $AK$.
10 replies
Lukaluce
May 8, 2022
s27_SaparbekovUmar
an hour ago
Cyclic inequality with rational functions
MathMystic33   2
N 2 hours ago by navi_09220114
Source: 2025 Macedonian Team Selection Test P3
Let \(x_1,x_2,x_3,x_4\) be positive real numbers. Prove the inequality
\[
\frac{x_1 + 3x_2}{x_2 + x_3}
\;+\;
\frac{x_2 + 3x_3}{x_3 + x_4}
\;+\;
\frac{x_3 + 3x_4}{x_4 + x_1}
\;+\;
\frac{x_4 + 3x_1}{x_1 + x_2}
\;\ge\;8.
\]
2 replies
MathMystic33
Yesterday at 6:00 PM
navi_09220114
2 hours ago
f(f(n))=2n+2
Jackson0423   1
N 2 hours ago by jasperE3
Source: 2013 KMO Second Round

Let \( f : \mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{N} \) be a function satisfying the following conditions for all \( n \in \mathbb{N} \):
\[
\begin{cases}
f(n+1) > f(n) \\
f(f(n)) = 2n + 2
\end{cases}
\]Find the value of \( f(2013) \).
1 reply
Jackson0423
Yesterday at 4:07 PM
jasperE3
2 hours ago
Proving ZA=ZB
nAalniaOMliO   8
N 3 hours ago by Mathgloggers
Source: Belarusian National Olympiad 2025
Point $H$ is the foot of the altitude from $A$ of triangle $ABC$. On the lines $AB$ and $AC$ points $X$ and $Y$ are marked such that the circumcircles of triangles $BXH$ and $CYH$ are tangent, call this circles $w_B$ and $w_C$ respectively. Tangent lines to circles $w_B$ and $w_C$ at $X$ and $Y$ intersect at $Z$.
Prove that $ZA=ZH$.
Vadzim Kamianetski
8 replies
nAalniaOMliO
Mar 28, 2025
Mathgloggers
3 hours ago
Hard geometry
Lukariman   1
N 3 hours ago by Lukariman
Given circle (O) and chord AB with different diameters. The tangents of circle (O) at A and B intersect at point P. On the small arc AB, take point C so that triangle CAB is not isosceles. The lines CA and BP intersect at D, BC and AP intersect at E. Prove that the centers of the circles circumscribing triangles ACE, BCD and OPC are collinear.
1 reply
Lukariman
3 hours ago
Lukariman
3 hours ago
Complicated FE
XAN4   2
N Apr 24, 2025 by cazanova19921
Source: own
Find all solutions for the functional equation $f(xyz)+\sum_{cyc}f(\frac{yz}x)=f(x)\cdot f(y)\cdot f(z)$, in which $f$: $\mathbb R^+\rightarrow\mathbb R^+$
Note: the solution is actually quite obvious - $f(x)=x^n+\frac1{x^n}$, but the proof is important.
Note 2: it is likely that the result can be generalized into a more advanced questions, potentially involving more bash.
2 replies
XAN4
Apr 23, 2025
cazanova19921
Apr 24, 2025
Complicated FE
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: own
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
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XAN4
60 posts
#1
Y by
Find all solutions for the functional equation $f(xyz)+\sum_{cyc}f(\frac{yz}x)=f(x)\cdot f(y)\cdot f(z)$, in which $f$: $\mathbb R^+\rightarrow\mathbb R^+$
Note: the solution is actually quite obvious - $f(x)=x^n+\frac1{x^n}$, but the proof is important.
Note 2: it is likely that the result can be generalized into a more advanced questions, potentially involving more bash.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
jasperE3
11334 posts
#2
Y by
pogress
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by jasperE3, Apr 23, 2025, 9:34 PM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
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cazanova19921
552 posts
#3
Y by
XAN4 wrote:
Find all solutions for the functional equation $f(xyz)+\sum_{cyc}f(\frac{yz}x)=f(x)\cdot f(y)\cdot f(z)$, in which $f$: $\mathbb R^+\rightarrow\mathbb R^+$
Note: the solution is actually quite obvious - $f(x)=x^n+\frac1{x^n}$, but the proof is important.
Note 2: it is likely that the result can be generalized into a more advanced questions, potentially involving more bash.

I suppose you have a proof to the result you claimed since it’s your own FE ( I know you don’t).


General solution : let $a$ be an additive function from $\mathbb{R}$ to itself and set $g=\exp \circ a \circ \log $, then $f=g+\frac1{g}$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by cazanova19921, Apr 24, 2025, 3:03 AM
Reason: Typo
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a