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Bijection on the set of integers
talkon   19
N an hour ago by AN1729
Source: InfinityDots MO 2 Problem 2
Determine all bijections $f:\mathbb Z\to\mathbb Z$ satisfying
$$f^{f(m+n)}(mn) = f(m)f(n)$$for all integers $m,n$.

Note: $f^0(n)=n$, and for any positive integer $k$, $f^k(n)$ means $f$ applied $k$ times to $n$, and $f^{-k}(n)$ means $f^{-1}$ applied $k$ times to $n$.

Proposed by talkon
19 replies
talkon
Apr 9, 2018
AN1729
an hour ago
Number Theory
TUAN2k8   1
N an hour ago by Roger.Moore
Find all positve integers m such that $m+1 | 3^m+1$
1 reply
TUAN2k8
4 hours ago
Roger.Moore
an hour ago
D1020 : A strange result of number theory
Dattier   0
2 hours ago
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $x>1,n \in \mathbb N^*$ with $\gcd(E(x\times 10^n),E(x \times 10^{n+1}))=1 $ and $p=E(x\times 10^n)$ prime number.

Is it true that $\forall m \in\mathbb N,m>n, \gcd(p,E(10^m\times x))=1$?

PS : $E$ is the function integer part, hence $E(1.9)=1$.
0 replies
Dattier
2 hours ago
0 replies
Continuity of function and line segment of integer length
egxa   1
N 2 hours ago by tonykuncheng
Source: All Russian 2025 11.8
Let \( f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} \) be a continuous function. A chord is defined as a segment of integer length, parallel to the x-axis, whose endpoints lie on the graph of \( f \). It is known that the graph of \( f \) contains exactly \( N \) chords, one of which has length 2025. Find the minimum possible value of \( N \).
1 reply
egxa
2 hours ago
tonykuncheng
2 hours ago
Polynomial x-axis angle
egxa   1
N 2 hours ago by Fishheadtailbody
Source: All Russian 2025 9.5
Let \( P_1(x) \) and \( P_2(x) \) be monic quadratic trinomials, and let \( A_1 \) and \( A_2 \) be the vertices of the parabolas \( y = P_1(x) \) and \( y = P_2(x) \), respectively. Let \( m(g(x)) \) denote the minimum value of the function \( g(x) \). It is known that the differences \( m(P_1(P_2(x))) - m(P_1(x)) \) and \( m(P_2(P_1(x))) - m(P_2(x)) \) are equal positive numbers. Find the angle between the line \( A_1A_2 \) and the $x$-axis.
1 reply
egxa
2 hours ago
Fishheadtailbody
2 hours ago
Strategy game based modulo 3
egxa   1
N 2 hours ago by Euler8038
Source: All Russian 2025 9.7
The numbers \( 1, 2, 3, \ldots, 60 \) are written in a row in that exact order. Igor and Ruslan take turns inserting the signs \( +, -, \times \) between them, starting with Igor. Each turn consists of placing one sign. Once all signs are placed, the value of the resulting expression is computed. If the value is divisible by $3$, Igor wins; otherwise, Ruslan wins. Which player has a winning strategy regardless of the opponent’s moves?
1 reply
egxa
2 hours ago
Euler8038
2 hours ago
Find the maximum value of x^3+2y
BarisKoyuncu   8
N 2 hours ago by Primeniyazidayi
Source: 2021 Turkey JBMO TST P4
Let $x,y,z$ be real numbers such that $$\left|\dfrac yz-xz\right|\leq 1\text{ and }\left|yz+\dfrac xz\right|\leq 1$$Find the maximum value of the expression $$x^3+2y$$
8 replies
BarisKoyuncu
May 23, 2021
Primeniyazidayi
2 hours ago
Woaah a lot of external tangents
egxa   0
2 hours ago
Source: All Russian 2025 11.7
A quadrilateral \( ABCD \) with no parallel sides is inscribed in a circle \( \Omega \). Circles \( \omega_a, \omega_b, \omega_c, \omega_d \) are inscribed in triangles \( DAB, ABC, BCD, CDA \), respectively. Common external tangents are drawn between \( \omega_a \) and \( \omega_b \), \( \omega_b \) and \( \omega_c \), \( \omega_c \) and \( \omega_d \), and \( \omega_d \) and \( \omega_a \), not containing any sides of quadrilateral \( ABCD \). A quadrilateral whose consecutive sides lie on these four lines is inscribed in a circle \( \Gamma \). Prove that the lines joining the centers of \( \omega_a \) and \( \omega_c \), \( \omega_b \) and \( \omega_d \), and the centers of \( \Omega \) and \( \Gamma \) all intersect at one point.
0 replies
egxa
2 hours ago
0 replies
Petya and vasya are playing with ones
egxa   0
2 hours ago
Source: All Russian 2025 11.6
$100$ ones are written in a circle. Petya and Vasya take turns making \( 10^{10} \) moves each. In each move, Petya chooses 9 consecutive numbers and decreases each by $2$. Vasya chooses $10$ consecutive numbers and increases each by $1$. They alternate turns, starting with Petya. Prove that Vasya can act in such a way that after each of his moves, there are always at least five positive numbers, regardless of how Petya plays.
0 replies
egxa
2 hours ago
0 replies
Outcome related combinatorics problem
egxa   0
2 hours ago
Source: All Russian 2025 10.7
A competition consists of $25$ sports, each awarding one gold medal to a winner. $25$ athletes participate, each in all $25$ sports. There are also $25$ experts, each of whom must predict the number of gold medals each athlete will win. In each prediction, the medal counts must be non-negative integers summing to $25$. An expert is called competent if they correctly guess the number of gold medals for at least one athlete. What is the maximum number \( k \) such that the experts can make their predictions so that at least \( k \) of them are guaranteed to be competent regardless of the outcome?
0 replies
egxa
2 hours ago
0 replies
a