Plan ahead for the next school year. Schedule your class today!

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k a July Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jwelsh   0
Jul 1, 2025
We are halfway through summer, so be sure to carve out some time to keep your skills sharp and explore challenging topics at AoPS Online and our AoPS Academies (including the Virtual Campus)!

[list][*]Over 60 summer classes are starting at the Virtual Campus on July 7th - check out the math and language arts options for middle through high school levels.
[*]At AoPS Online, we have accelerated sections where you can complete a course in half the time by meeting twice/week instead of once/week, starting on July 8th:
[list][*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
[*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
[*]AMC Problem Series[/list]
[*]Plus, AoPS Online has a special seminar July 14 - 17 that is outside the standard fare: Paradoxes and Infinity
[*]We are expanding our in-person AoPS Academy locations - are you looking for a strong community of problem solvers, exemplary instruction, and math and language arts options? Look to see if we have a location near you and enroll in summer camps or academic year classes today! New locations include campuses in California, Georgia, New York, Illinois, and Oregon and more coming soon![/list]

MOP (Math Olympiad Summer Program) just ended and the IMO (International Mathematical Olympiad) is right around the corner! This year’s IMO will be held in Australia, July 10th - 20th. Congratulations to all the MOP students for reaching this incredible level and best of luck to all selected to represent their countries at this year’s IMO! Did you know that, in the last 10 years, 59 USA International Math Olympiad team members have medaled and have taken over 360 AoPS Online courses. Take advantage of our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training (WOOT) courses
and train with the best! Please note that early bird pricing ends August 19th!
Are you tired of the heat and thinking about Fall? You can plan your Fall schedule now with classes at either AoPS Online, AoPS Academy Virtual Campus, or one of our AoPS Academies around the US.

Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
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0 replies
jwelsh
Jul 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
IMO MOHS rating predictions
ohiorizzler1434   12
N 14 minutes ago by AbbyWong
Everybody, with the IMO about to happen soon, what are your predictions for the MOHS ratings of the problems? I predict 10 20 40 15 25 45.
12 replies
ohiorizzler1434
Today at 4:48 AM
AbbyWong
14 minutes ago
not Triangle Inequality
NamelyOrange   3
N 21 minutes ago by ehuseyinyigit
Prove that for all positive integer $N$ and real $a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_N,b_1,b_2\cdots,b_N$, we have $\left(\sum_{i=1}^{N}a_i^4\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}+\left(\sum_{i=1}^{N}b_i^4\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}\ge \left(\sum_{i=1}^{N}(a_i+b_i)^4\right)^{\frac{1}{4}}$.
3 replies
NamelyOrange
3 hours ago
ehuseyinyigit
21 minutes ago
diophantine with factorials and exponents
skellyrah   18
N 25 minutes ago by maromex
find all positive integers $a,b,c$ such that $$ a! + 5^b = c^3 $$
18 replies
skellyrah
May 30, 2025
maromex
25 minutes ago
Exercisable functional equation
Assassino9931   8
N 38 minutes ago by straight
Source: RMM Extralist 2021 A1
Determine all functions $f:\mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}$ such that
\[ f(xy+f(x)) + f(y) = xf(y) + f(x+y) \]for all real numbers $x$ and $y$.
8 replies
Assassino9931
Sep 18, 2023
straight
38 minutes ago
Divisors of n
Marcos_Vinicius   5
N an hour ago by lksb
Source: Brazilian TST 1 P3 Cono Sur/OMCPLP 2024
Given a positive integer $n$, define $\tau(n)$ as the number of positive divisors of $n$ and $\sigma(n)$ as the sum of those divisors. For example, $\tau(12) = 6$ and $\sigma(12) = 28$. Find all positive integers $n$ that satisfy:
\[
\sigma(n) = \tau(n) \cdot \lceil \sqrt{n} \rceil
\]
5 replies
Marcos_Vinicius
Oct 16, 2024
lksb
an hour ago
AD=BE implies ABC right
v_Enhance   120
N an hour ago by Kempu33334
Source: European Girl's MO 2013, Problem 1
The side $BC$ of the triangle $ABC$ is extended beyond $C$ to $D$ so that $CD = BC$. The side $CA$ is extended beyond $A$ to $E$ so that $AE = 2CA$. Prove that, if $AD=BE$, then the triangle $ABC$ is right-angled.
120 replies
v_Enhance
Apr 10, 2013
Kempu33334
an hour ago
weird looking system of equations
Valentin Vornicu   40
N 2 hours ago by cubres
Source: USAMO 2005, problem 2, Razvan Gelca
Prove that the system \begin{align*}
x^6+x^3+x^3y+y & = 147^{157} \\
x^3+x^3y+y^2+y+z^9 & = 157^{147}
\end{align*} has no solutions in integers $x$, $y$, and $z$.
40 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Apr 21, 2005
cubres
2 hours ago
old and easy imo inequality
Valentin Vornicu   221
N 2 hours ago by lksb
Source: IMO 2000, Problem 2, IMO Shortlist 2000, A1
Let $ a, b, c$ be positive real numbers so that $ abc = 1$. Prove that
\[ \left( a - 1 + \frac 1b \right) \left( b - 1 + \frac 1c \right) \left( c - 1 + \frac 1a \right) \leq 1.
\]
221 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Oct 24, 2005
lksb
2 hours ago
R->R functional equation
fukano_2   3
N 2 hours ago by Kempu33334
Find all functions $ f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}
 $ that satisfy $ f(x^2+yf(x))+f(y^2+xf(y))=f(x+y)^2 $ and $ f(0)=2 $.
3 replies
fukano_2
Apr 16, 2020
Kempu33334
2 hours ago
IMO ShortList 2001, geometry problem 1
orl   67
N 2 hours ago by mudkip42
Source: IMO ShortList 2001, geometry problem 1
Let $A_1$ be the center of the square inscribed in acute triangle $ABC$ with two vertices of the square on side $BC$. Thus one of the two remaining vertices of the square is on side $AB$ and the other is on $AC$. Points $B_1,\ C_1$ are defined in a similar way for inscribed squares with two vertices on sides $AC$ and $AB$, respectively. Prove that lines $AA_1,\ BB_1,\ CC_1$ are concurrent.
67 replies
orl
Sep 30, 2004
mudkip42
2 hours ago
Perfect square by rearranging digits
Timta27   0
3 hours ago
Source: own
Let's call a natural number good if it has the following properties:

$-$ There are no zeros in the representation of this number;
$-$ This number is not a perfect square;
$-$ It is possible to rearrange the digits in this number to form a perfect square, but this rearrangement is unique.

For example, the numbers $46$ and $234$ are good.

Prove that there are infinitely many good numbers.
0 replies
Timta27
3 hours ago
0 replies
Areas of triangles AOH, BOH, COH
Arne   73
N 3 hours ago by Shan3t
Source: APMO 2004, Problem 2
Let $O$ be the circumcenter and $H$ the orthocenter of an acute triangle $ABC$. Prove that the area of one of the triangles $AOH$, $BOH$ and $COH$ is equal to the sum of the areas of the other two.
73 replies
Arne
Mar 23, 2004
Shan3t
3 hours ago
bomboclat NT problem
LostDreams   0
3 hours ago
How many perfect square residues are there mod $2^n$?
0 replies
LostDreams
3 hours ago
0 replies
Convex quad
MithsApprentice   85
N 4 hours ago by Kempu33334
Source: USAMO 1993
Let $\, ABCD \,$ be a convex quadrilateral such that diagonals $\, AC \,$ and $\, BD \,$ intersect at right angles, and let $\, E \,$ be their intersection. Prove that the reflections of $\, E \,$ across $\, AB, \, BC, \, CD, \, DA \,$ are concyclic.
85 replies
MithsApprentice
Oct 27, 2005
Kempu33334
4 hours ago
partitioning 1 to p-1 into several a+b=c (mod p)
capoouo   5
N May 28, 2025 by NerdyNashville
Source: own
Given a prime number $p$, a set is said to be $p$-good if the set contains exactly three elements $a, b, c$ and $a + b \equiv c \pmod{p}$.
Find all prime number $p$ such that $\{ 1, 2, \cdots, p-1 \}$ can be partitioned into several $p$-good sets.

Proposed by capoouo
5 replies
capoouo
Apr 21, 2024
NerdyNashville
May 28, 2025
partitioning 1 to p-1 into several a+b=c (mod p)
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G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: own
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capoouo
1 post
#1
Y by
Given a prime number $p$, a set is said to be $p$-good if the set contains exactly three elements $a, b, c$ and $a + b \equiv c \pmod{p}$.
Find all prime number $p$ such that $\{ 1, 2, \cdots, p-1 \}$ can be partitioned into several $p$-good sets.

Proposed by capoouo
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by capoouo, Apr 21, 2024, 5:42 PM
Reason: remove awkward line-breaks; add "proposed by ..."
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Acclab
33 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
For storage

The answer is all $3 | p-1$. Let $1, ..., p-1$ rewrite into $e, g, g^2, ..., g^{3k-1}$. We can verify that $e + g^k + g^{2k} = 0$ as $g^{3k} = e$, giving $g^{c} + g^{k+c} = g^{-2k-c} = g^{k-c}$. As $c$ runs through $0, 1, ..., k-1$ we achieve $k$ $p-good$ sets. The contrary is obvious.
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DTforever
6 posts
#4
Y by
11 also satifsfies with sets $(1,3,9)$, $(2,4,6)$,$(5,7,8,10)$ can someone post a correct solution?
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by DTforever, Apr 8, 2025, 10:30 AM
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Quidditch
818 posts
#5
Y by
DTforever wrote:
11 also satifsfies with sets $(1,3,9)$, $(2,4,6)$,$(5,7,8,10)$ can someone post a correct solution?

the set has to contain exactly three elements
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NerdyNashville
19 posts
#6
Y by
Acclab wrote:
For storage

The answer is all $3 | p-1$. Let $1, ..., p-1$ rewrite into $e, g, g^2, ..., g^{3k-1}$. We can verify that $e + g^k + g^{2k} = 0$ as $g^{3k} = e$, giving $g^{c} + g^{k+c} = g^{-2k-c} = g^{k-c}$. As $c$ runs through $0, 1, ..., k-1$ we achieve $k$ $p-good$ sets. The contrary is obvious.

Hmmm I am little confused about ur solution,
How u got $g^c + g^{k+c} \equiv g^{-2k-c} \pmod{p}$?
I believe it should be $g^c + g^{k+c} \equiv -g^{2k+c} \equiv g^{k/2+c} \pmod{p}$
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NerdyNashville
19 posts
#7
Y by
Solution
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