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k a July Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jwelsh   0
Jul 1, 2025
We are halfway through summer, so be sure to carve out some time to keep your skills sharp and explore challenging topics at AoPS Online and our AoPS Academies (including the Virtual Campus)!

[list][*]Over 60 summer classes are starting at the Virtual Campus on July 7th - check out the math and language arts options for middle through high school levels.
[*]At AoPS Online, we have accelerated sections where you can complete a course in half the time by meeting twice/week instead of once/week, starting on July 8th:
[list][*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
[*]MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
[*]AMC Problem Series[/list]
[*]Plus, AoPS Online has a special seminar July 14 - 17 that is outside the standard fare: Paradoxes and Infinity
[*]We are expanding our in-person AoPS Academy locations - are you looking for a strong community of problem solvers, exemplary instruction, and math and language arts options? Look to see if we have a location near you and enroll in summer camps or academic year classes today! New locations include campuses in California, Georgia, New York, Illinois, and Oregon and more coming soon![/list]

MOP (Math Olympiad Summer Program) just ended and the IMO (International Mathematical Olympiad) is right around the corner! This year’s IMO will be held in Australia, July 10th - 20th. Congratulations to all the MOP students for reaching this incredible level and best of luck to all selected to represent their countries at this year’s IMO! Did you know that, in the last 10 years, 59 USA International Math Olympiad team members have medaled and have taken over 360 AoPS Online courses. Take advantage of our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training (WOOT) courses
and train with the best! Please note that early bird pricing ends August 19th!
Are you tired of the heat and thinking about Fall? You can plan your Fall schedule now with classes at either AoPS Online, AoPS Academy Virtual Campus, or one of our AoPS Academies around the US.

Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
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0 replies
jwelsh
Jul 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Convex quad
MithsApprentice   84
N a few seconds ago by Shan3t
Source: USAMO 1993
Let $\, ABCD \,$ be a convex quadrilateral such that diagonals $\, AC \,$ and $\, BD \,$ intersect at right angles, and let $\, E \,$ be their intersection. Prove that the reflections of $\, E \,$ across $\, AB, \, BC, \, CD, \, DA \,$ are concyclic.
84 replies
MithsApprentice
Oct 27, 2005
Shan3t
a few seconds ago
IMO Shortlist 2014 G7
hajimbrak   53
N 10 minutes ago by iStud
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\Omega$ and incentre $I$. Let the line passing through $I$ and perpendicular to $CI$ intersect the segment $BC$ and the arc $BC$ (not containing $A$) of $\Omega$ at points $U$ and $V$ , respectively. Let the line passing through $U$ and parallel to $AI$ intersect $AV$ at $X$, and let the line passing through $V$ and parallel to $AI$ intersect $AB$ at $Y$ . Let $W$ and $Z$ be the midpoints of $AX$ and $BC$, respectively. Prove that if the points $I, X,$ and $Y$ are collinear, then the points $I, W ,$ and $Z$ are also collinear.

Proposed by David B. Rush, USA
53 replies
hajimbrak
Jul 11, 2015
iStud
10 minutes ago
Inequality holding true for all x,y,z>0
VoidMutsumi   2
N 20 minutes ago by VoidMutsumi
Source: Own
For any $x,y,z>0$, prove
$$
\sqrt{\frac{yz}{(1+x+xy)(1+y+yz)}} + 
\sqrt{\frac{zx}{(1+y+yz)(1+z+zx)}} + 
\sqrt{\frac{xy}{(1+z+zx)(1+x+xy)}} \leqslant 1.
$$In think this is interesting so I pose it here.
2 replies
VoidMutsumi
38 minutes ago
VoidMutsumi
20 minutes ago
Alien geometry problem (very strange)
Noob_at_math_69_level   1
N 32 minutes ago by Embesohoc
Source: own?
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be a triangle with circumcenter $O$,orthocenter $H. r$ is the radius of $(ABC)$.
.$Z$ lie on the plane such that $HZ =  2r$ and $Z,A$ are not in the same half plane of $BC$.
Point $S$ lie on $(ABC)$ such that $OS//HZ$ and $S$ farthest to $Z$.$HZ$ intersects the perpendicular bisector of $AH$ at $R$. $(R;RA)$ intersects $(ABC)$ again at $T.$ $ST$ intersects $BC$ at $W.$ $L$ lie on $(AHW)$ such that $\angle{AHL} = 2 \angle{HWB}$. $ZK$ is perpendicular to $LH$ at $K$. Prove that: $H$ is the midpoint of $KL$.
1 reply
1 viewing
Noob_at_math_69_level
Apr 22, 2023
Embesohoc
32 minutes ago
Max value of function with f(f(n)) < n+50
Rijul saini   5
N 33 minutes ago by math-olympiad-clown
Source: India IMOTC Day 3 Problem 2
Let $S$ be the set of all non-decreasing functions $f: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ satisfying $f(f(n))<n+50$ for all positive integers $n$. Find the maximum value of
$$f(1)+f(2)+f(3)+\cdots+f(2024)+f(2025)$$over all $f \in S$.

Proposed by Shantanu Nene
5 replies
Rijul saini
Jun 4, 2025
math-olympiad-clown
33 minutes ago
A problem about pole and polar
hn111009   2
N 35 minutes ago by YaoAOPS
Source: Maybe own
Let triangle $ABC$ with (I) is incircle and $G$ is the Gergonne point. $M$ and $N$ is the midpoint of $AB,AC.$ The perpendicular line from $I$ to $BC$ meet $MN$ at $J.$ Draw diameter $IS$ of $\odot(AIJ).$ Prove that $S$ is a point on the polar of $G$ through $(I).$
2 replies
hn111009
Yesterday at 6:07 AM
YaoAOPS
35 minutes ago
6 points lie on the same conic in a Cassinian oval configuration
kosmonauten3114   2
N 37 minutes ago by kosmonauten3114
Source: My own
Let $\Gamma$ be a Cassinian oval with center $O$ and foci $F_1$, $F_2$ whose Cartesian equation is expressed as follows:
$$\Gamma:((x-a)^2+y^2)\cdot((x+a)^2+y^2)=b^4 \quad \text{with }b>a>0$$Let $P$ be a point on $\Gamma$ and $Q$ the reflection in $O$ of $P$.
Let $\mathcal{S}$ be a circle passing through $P$ and $Q$, and tangent to $\Gamma$ at a point $T$ different from $P$, $Q$.
Let $A$, $B$ be the second intersection points of $TF_1$, $TF_2$ with $\mathcal{S}$, respectively.
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle{TPQ}$, and $C$ the orthogonal projection of $H$ onto $TO$.

Prove that $P$, $Q$, $H$, $A$, $B$, $C$ are conconic.
2 replies
kosmonauten3114
Jul 11, 2025
kosmonauten3114
37 minutes ago
An interesting combination problem
Math291   8
N 38 minutes ago by Math291
Given a unit square grid of size 4×6 as shown in the figure below, an ant crawls from point A. Each time it moves, it crawls along the side of a unit square to an adjacent grid point.
IMAGE
How many number of ways to complete a path so that after exactly 12 moves, it stops at position B?
8 replies
Math291
2 hours ago
Math291
38 minutes ago
JBMO 2013 Problem 2
Igor   46
N 41 minutes ago by lendsarctix280
Source: Proposed by Macedonia
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AB<AC$ and let $O$ be the centre of its circumcircle $\omega$. Let $D$ be a point on the line segment $BC$ such that $\angle BAD = \angle CAO$. Let $E$ be the second point of intersection of $\omega$ and the line $AD$. If $M$, $N$ and $P$ are the midpoints of the line segments $BE$, $OD$ and $AC$, respectively, show that the points $M$, $N$ and $P$ are collinear.
46 replies
Igor
Jun 23, 2013
lendsarctix280
41 minutes ago
Points on a lattice path lies on a line
navi_09220114   7
N an hour ago by Photaesthesia
Source: TASIMO 2025 Day 1 Problem 3
Let $S$ be a nonempty subset of the points in the Cartesian plane such that for each $x\in S$ exactly one of $x+(0,1)$ or $x+(1,0)$ also belongs to $S$. Prove that for each positive integer $k$ there is a line in the plane (possibly different lines for different $k$) which contains at least $k$ points of $S$.
7 replies
1 viewing
navi_09220114
May 19, 2025
Photaesthesia
an hour ago
IMO Shortlist 2009 - Problem G3
April   50
N an hour ago by YaoAOPS
Let $ABC$ be a triangle. The incircle of $ABC$ touches the sides $AB$ and $AC$ at the points $Z$ and $Y$, respectively. Let $G$ be the point where the lines $BY$ and $CZ$ meet, and let $R$ and $S$ be points such that the two quadrilaterals $BCYR$ and $BCSZ$ are parallelogram.
Prove that $GR=GS$.

Proposed by Hossein Karke Abadi, Iran
50 replies
April
Jul 5, 2010
YaoAOPS
an hour ago
hard Functional Equation
EthanWYX2009   0
an hour ago
Source: 2023 June 谜之竞赛-2
Given positive integers $m\ge n$. Find all functions $f:\mathbb R_+\to\mathbb R_+$, such that for any positive reals $x$, $y$,
\[f\left(f(x)^2+\frac 13yf(y)\right)=x^2-f^{(m)}(x)+3x+(m-n+2)+f^{(n)}\left(\frac 13(y^2+y)\right).\]Created by Fanyu Meng
0 replies
EthanWYX2009
an hour ago
0 replies
Cute Geometry
EthanWYX2009   1
N an hour ago by EthanWYX2009
Source: 2025 March 谜之竞赛-5
In a non-isosceles acute triangle \( \triangle ABC \), \( \Omega \) is the circumcircle and \( \omega \) is the nine-point circle. The tangents to \( \Omega \) at \( B \) and \( C \) intersect at \( P \). Let \( Q \) be a point on \( \omega \) such that \(BQ = QC \) and \( Q \) does not lie on \( BC \). Construct a circle \( \Gamma \) symmetric to \( \Omega \) with respect to \( BC \), and let \( \Gamma \) intersect \( \omega \) at points \( D \) and \( E \). Let \( F \) be the isogonal conjugate of \( D \) with respect to \( \triangle ABC \). Prove that \( E, F, P, Q \) are concyclic.
IMAGE
Proposed by Bohan Zhang
1 reply
EthanWYX2009
Today at 5:29 AM
EthanWYX2009
an hour ago
Final problem
Cats_on_a_computer   15
N an hour ago by HappyOreoGuineaPig24
Source: Own
This is likely the last post I will make in my life.

Consider an 18 year old who has no purpose, talents, or friends; a living waste of space, an unsightly chthonic maggot with less of a right to live than a grasshopper. Note that this person is so desperate, he writes his suicide note on a math forum of all places, because nobody around him would bother reading one. We define a *solution* to this individual’s woes as a termination. What is the optimal play by this individual to reach a solution with the least amount of pain?

Solution (sketch): we construct a 1 dimensional CW-complex consisting of a single circle $S_1$, and an interval glued with one of its endpoints to the circle.

See you later, space cowboy…
15 replies
Cats_on_a_computer
2 hours ago
HappyOreoGuineaPig24
an hour ago
Eventually constant sequence with condition
PerfectPlayer   4
N Jun 1, 2025 by kujyi
Source: Turkey TST 2025 Day 3 P8
A positive real number sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3,\dots $ and a positive integer \(s\) is given.
Let $f_n(0) = \frac{a_n+\dots+a_1}{n}$ and for each $0<k<n$
\[f_n(k)=\frac{a_n+\dots+a_{k+1}}{n-k}-\frac{a_k+\dots+a_1}{k}\]Then for every integer $n\geq s,$ the condition
\[a_{n+1}=\max_{0\leq k<n}(f_n(k))\]is satisfied. Prove that this sequence must be eventually constant.
4 replies
PerfectPlayer
Mar 18, 2025
kujyi
Jun 1, 2025
Eventually constant sequence with condition
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Turkey TST 2025 Day 3 P8
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PerfectPlayer
15 posts
#1 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
A positive real number sequence $a_1, a_2, a_3,\dots $ and a positive integer \(s\) is given.
Let $f_n(0) = \frac{a_n+\dots+a_1}{n}$ and for each $0<k<n$
\[f_n(k)=\frac{a_n+\dots+a_{k+1}}{n-k}-\frac{a_k+\dots+a_1}{k}\]Then for every integer $n\geq s,$ the condition
\[a_{n+1}=\max_{0\leq k<n}(f_n(k))\]is satisfied. Prove that this sequence must be eventually constant.
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ehuseyinyigit
867 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by sami1618, MS_asdfgzxcvb
For $a_{n+1}=f_n(p)$, prove $a_{n+2}=f_{n+1}(p)$.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by ehuseyinyigit, Mar 23, 2025, 9:24 AM
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egxa
215 posts
#3 • 8 Y
Y by swynca, bin_sherlo, PerfectPlayer, hakN, D.C., AlperenINAN, farhad.fritl, Sadigly
ehuseyinyigit wrote:
Obviously $a_2=a_1$. Also $a_3=max(a_1,a_2-a_1)=a_1$. We have $a_1=a_2=a_3$. We will proceed by using induction. Suppose that $a_1=a_2=\cdots=a_p$ holds, we will prove $a_{p+1}=a_p$. On the other hand, for all $k=1,2,\cdots,p-1$
$$f_p(k)=\dfrac{\sum_{i=k+1}^{p}{a_i}}{n-k}+\dfrac{\sum_{i=1}^{k}{a_i}}{k}=a_k-a_1=0$$Thus, we obtain the following
$$a_{p+1}=max(f_p(0),f_p(1),\cdots,f_p(p-1))=max(a_1,0,0,\cdots,0)=a_1$$implying that the sequence $(a)_1^n$ must be eventually constant as desired.

adam olimpiyati bitirmiş
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egxa
215 posts
#4
Y by
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This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by egxa, Mar 23, 2025, 8:05 AM
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kujyi
2 posts
#5
Y by
any answers in detail?
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N Quick Reply
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