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Difference between revisions of "2020 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 5"

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~IceMatrix
 
~IceMatrix
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==Video Solution==
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~Education, the Study of Everything
  
 
==See Also==
 
==See Also==

Revision as of 12:25, 22 August 2022

Problem

Teams $A$ and $B$ are playing in a basketball league where each game results in a win for one team and a loss for the other team. Team $A$ has won $\tfrac{2}{3}$ of its games and team $B$ has won $\tfrac{5}{8}$ of its games. Also, team $B$ has won $7$ more games and lost $7$ more games than team $A.$ How many games has team $A$ played?

$\textbf{(A) } 21 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 27 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 42 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 48 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 63$

Solution 1 (One Variable)

Suppose team $A$ has played $g$ games in total so that it has won $\frac23g$ games. It follows that team $B$ has played $g+14$ games in total so that it has won $\frac23g+7$ games.

We set up and solve an equation for team $B$'s win ratio: \begin{align*} \frac{\frac23g+7}{g+14}&=\frac58 \\ \frac{16}{3}g+56&=5g+70 \\ \frac13g&=14 \\ g&=\boxed{\textbf{(C) } 42}. \end{align*} ~MRENTHUSIASM

Solution 2 (Two Variables)

If we consider the number of games team $B$ has played as $x$ and the number of games that team $A$ has played as $y$, then we can set up the following system of equations: \begin{align*} \frac{5}{8}x &= \frac{2}{3}y+7, \\ \frac{3}{8}x &= \frac{1}{3}y+7. \end{align*} The first system equated the number of wins of each team, while the second system equates the number of losses by each team. By multiplying the second equation by $2$ and solving the system, we get $y = 42$ or answer choice $\boxed{\textbf{(C) } 42}.$

~AnkitAMC

Solution 3 (Two Variables)

First, let us assign some variables. Let \[A_w=2x, \ A_l=x, \ A_g=3x,\] \[B_w=5y, \ B_l=3y, \ B_g=8y,\] where $X_w$ denotes number of games won, $X_l$ denotes number of games lost, and $X_g$ denotes total games played for $X\in \{A, B\}$. Using the given information, we can set up the following two equations: \begin{align*} B_w=A_w+7&\implies 5y=2x+7, \\ B_l=A_l+7&\implies 3y=x+7. \end{align*} We can solve through substitution, as the second equation can be written as $x=3y-7$, and plugging this into the first equation gives $5y=6y-7\implies y=7$, which means $x=3(7)-7=14$. Finally, we want the total number of games team $A$ has played, which is $A_g=3(14)=\boxed{\textbf{(C) } 42}$.

~Argonauts16

Solution 4 (Answer Choices: Substitutions)

Using the information from the problem, we can note that team $A$ has lost $\frac{1}{3}$ of their matches. Using the answer choices, we can construct the following list of possible win-lose scenarios for $A,$ represented in the form $(w, l)$ for convenience: \begin{align*} \textbf{(A)} &\implies (14, 7) \\ \textbf{(B)} &\implies (18, 9) \\ \textbf{(C)} &\implies (28, 14) \\ \textbf{(D)} &\implies (32, 16) \\ \textbf{(E)} &\implies (42, 21) \end{align*} Thus, we have $5$ matching $B$ scenarios, simply adding $7$ to $w$ and $l.$ We can then test each of the five $B$ scenarios for $\frac{w}{w+l} = \frac{5}{8}$ and find that $(35, 21)$ fits this description. Then working backwards and subtracting $7$ from $w$ and $l$ gives us the point $(28, 14),$ making the answer $\boxed{\textbf{(C) } 42}.$

Solution 5 (Answer Choices: Observations)

Let's say that team $A$ plays $n$ games in total. Therefore, team $B$ must play $n + 14$ games in total (7 wins, 7 losses) Since the ratio of $A$ is \[\frac{2}{3} \implies n \equiv 0 \pmod{3}\] Similarly, since the ratio of $B$ is \[\frac{5}{8} \implies n + 14 \equiv 0 \pmod{8}\] Now, we can go through the answer choices and see which ones work: \begin{align*} \textbf{(A) } 21 &\implies 21 + 14 = 35 \not \equiv 0\pmod{8} \\ \textbf{(B) } 27 &\implies 27 + 14 = 41 \not \equiv 0\pmod{8} \\ \textbf{(C) } 42 &\implies 42 + 14 = 56 \equiv 0\pmod{8} \\ \textbf{(D) } 48 &\implies 48 + 14 = 62 \not \equiv 0\pmod{8} \\ \textbf{(E) } 63 &\implies 63 + 14 = 77 \not \equiv 0\pmod{8} \\ \end{align*} So we can see $\boxed{\textbf{(C) } 42}$ is the only valid answer.

~herobrine-india

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/WfTty8Fe5Fo

~IceMatrix

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/KXySDYcUnHk

~Education, the Study of Everything

See Also

2020 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
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Problem 4 		Followed by
Problem 6
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All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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