Difference between revisions of "2004 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 14"
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Triangle <math>MCN</math> has area <math>\frac{1}{2}(4)(4)=8</math>, and the total area is <math>\frac{104+136}{13}=\boxed{\frac{240}{13}}</math>. | Triangle <math>MCN</math> has area <math>\frac{1}{2}(4)(4)=8</math>, and the total area is <math>\frac{104+136}{13}=\boxed{\frac{240}{13}}</math>. | ||
− | ==Solution 3== | + | ===Solution 3=== |
Because triangle ABC, triangle NBK, and triangle AMJ are similar right triangles whose hypotenuses are in the ratio 13 : 8 : 1, their areas are in | Because triangle ABC, triangle NBK, and triangle AMJ are similar right triangles whose hypotenuses are in the ratio 13 : 8 : 1, their areas are in | ||
the ratio 169 : 64 : 1. The area of triangle ABC is 1/2 (12)(5) = 30, so the areas of triangle NBK and triangle AMJ are (64/169) (30) and (1/169)(30), respectively. Thus the area of pentagon CMJKN is (1 − 64/169 - 1/169)(30)= <math>\boxed{\mathbf{(D)}240/13} </math> | the ratio 169 : 64 : 1. The area of triangle ABC is 1/2 (12)(5) = 30, so the areas of triangle NBK and triangle AMJ are (64/169) (30) and (1/169)(30), respectively. Thus the area of pentagon CMJKN is (1 − 64/169 - 1/169)(30)= <math>\boxed{\mathbf{(D)}240/13} </math> | ||
Credit to http://billingswest.billings.k12.mt.us/math/AMC%201012/AMC%2012%20work%20sheets/2004%20AMC%2012B%20ws-15.pdf for Solution 3. | Credit to http://billingswest.billings.k12.mt.us/math/AMC%201012/AMC%2012%20work%20sheets/2004%20AMC%2012B%20ws-15.pdf for Solution 3. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===Solution 4=== | ||
+ | We fake-solve. Draw a perpendicular line to side <math>CB</math> that goes through <math>N</math>. Similarly, draw a perpendicular line to side <math>AC</math> that goes through <math>M</math>. Let them intersect at <math>O</math>. It follows that quadrilateral <math>MONC</math> is a square with side <math>4</math> and thus area <math>16</math>. Now, draw a perpendicular from <math>J</math> to <math>MO</math> and let them intersect at <math>Z</math>. There is a obvious pair of congruent triangles. Fill in the gap. Hence, we see that the area of the pentagon is definitely greater than <math>16</math>. How much greater? Well, if we let the intersection of <math>AB</math> and <math>NO</math> be <math>X</math>, we can approximate that <math>\triangle NXK</math> has an area greater than <math>2</math>. So we place bets on <math>\boxed{\mathbf{(D)}240/13} </math> which is correct! | ||
+ | |||
+ | This would be much easier to show and more convincing with a diagram but idk how to upload GeoGebra to AoPSwiki. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Solution by franzliszt | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == |
Revision as of 10:37, 8 July 2020
Contents
Problem
In ,
,
, and
. Points
and
lie on
and
, respectively, with
. Points
and
are on
so that
and
are perpendicular to
. What is the area of pentagon
?
Solution
Solution 1
The triangle is clearly a right triangle, its area is
. If we knew the areas of triangles
and
, we could subtract them to get the area of the pentagon.
Draw the height from
onto
. As
and the area is
, we get
. The situation is shown in the picture below:
Now note that the triangles ,
,
,
and
all have the same angles and therefore they are similar. We already know some of their sides, and we will use this information to compute their areas. Note that if two polygons are similar with ratio
, their areas have ratio
. We will use this fact repeatedly.
Below we will use
to denote the area of the triangle
.
We have , hence
.
Also, , hence
.
Now for the smaller triangles:
We know that , hence
.
Similarly, , hence
.
Finally, the area of the pentagon is .
Solution 2
Split the pentagon along a different diagonal as follows:
The area of the pentagon is then the sum of the areas of the resulting right triangle and trapezoid. As before, triangles
,
, and
are all similar.
Since ,
and
. Since
,
and
.
The trapezoid's height is therefore , and its area is
.
Triangle has area
, and the total area is
.
Solution 3
Because triangle ABC, triangle NBK, and triangle AMJ are similar right triangles whose hypotenuses are in the ratio 13 : 8 : 1, their areas are in
the ratio 169 : 64 : 1. The area of triangle ABC is 1/2 (12)(5) = 30, so the areas of triangle NBK and triangle AMJ are (64/169) (30) and (1/169)(30), respectively. Thus the area of pentagon CMJKN is (1 − 64/169 - 1/169)(30)=
Credit to http://billingswest.billings.k12.mt.us/math/AMC%201012/AMC%2012%20work%20sheets/2004%20AMC%2012B%20ws-15.pdf for Solution 3.
Solution 4
We fake-solve. Draw a perpendicular line to side that goes through
. Similarly, draw a perpendicular line to side
that goes through
. Let them intersect at
. It follows that quadrilateral
is a square with side
and thus area
. Now, draw a perpendicular from
to
and let them intersect at
. There is a obvious pair of congruent triangles. Fill in the gap. Hence, we see that the area of the pentagon is definitely greater than
. How much greater? Well, if we let the intersection of
and
be
, we can approximate that
has an area greater than
. So we place bets on
which is correct!
This would be much easier to show and more convincing with a diagram but idk how to upload GeoGebra to AoPSwiki.
Solution by franzliszt
See Also
2004 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 13 |
Followed by Problem 15 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.