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Difference between revisions of "2021 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 16"

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<math>\textbf{(A)} ~4 \qquad\textbf{(B)} ~5 \qquad\textbf{(C)} ~6 \qquad\textbf{(D)} ~7 \qquad\textbf{(E)} ~8</math>
 
<math>\textbf{(A)} ~4 \qquad\textbf{(B)} ~5 \qquad\textbf{(C)} ~6 \qquad\textbf{(D)} ~7 \qquad\textbf{(E)} ~8</math>
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==Solution 1==
 
==Solution 1==
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The divisibility rule of <math>15</math> is that the number must be congruent to <math>0</math> mod <math>3</math> and congruent to <math>0</math> mod <math>5</math>. Being divisible by <math>5</math> means that it must end with a <math>5</math> or a <math>0</math>. We can rule out the case when the number ends with a <math>0</math> immediately because the only integer that is uphill and ends with a <math>0</math> is <math>0</math> which is not positive. So now we know that the number ends with a <math>5</math>. Looking at the answer choices, the answer choices are all pretty small, so we can generate all of the numbers that are uphill and are divisible by <math>3</math>. These numbers are <math>15, 45, 135, 345, 1245, 12345</math> which are <math>6</math> numbers C.
 
The divisibility rule of <math>15</math> is that the number must be congruent to <math>0</math> mod <math>3</math> and congruent to <math>0</math> mod <math>5</math>. Being divisible by <math>5</math> means that it must end with a <math>5</math> or a <math>0</math>. We can rule out the case when the number ends with a <math>0</math> immediately because the only integer that is uphill and ends with a <math>0</math> is <math>0</math> which is not positive. So now we know that the number ends with a <math>5</math>. Looking at the answer choices, the answer choices are all pretty small, so we can generate all of the numbers that are uphill and are divisible by <math>3</math>. These numbers are <math>15, 45, 135, 345, 1245, 12345</math> which are <math>6</math> numbers C.
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==Solution 2==
 
==Solution 2==
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~coolmath34
 
~coolmath34
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==Solution 4==
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For every positive integer, it is divisible by <math>3</math> if and only if its digit-sum is divisible by <math>3;</math> it is divisible by <math>5</math> if and only if its units digit is <math>0</math> or <math>5.</math> Since the desired positive integers are going <b>uphill</b>, their units digits must be <math>5</math>s.
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<b>Case (1): Remove <math>\boldsymbol{0}</math> digits.</b>
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<b>Case (2): Remove <math>\boldsymbol{1}</math> digit.</b>
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<b>Case (3): Remove <math>\boldsymbol{2}</math> digits.</b>
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<b>Case (4): Remove <math>\boldsymbol{3}</math> digits.</b>
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<b>Case (5): Remove <math>\boldsymbol{4}</math> digits.</b>
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~MRENTHUSIASM
  
 
== Video Solution by OmegaLearn (Using Divisibility Rules and Casework) ==
 
== Video Solution by OmegaLearn (Using Divisibility Rules and Casework) ==

Revision as of 13:17, 5 March 2021

Problem

Call a positive integer an uphill integer if every digit is strictly greater than the previous digit. For example, $1357, 89,$ and $5$ are all uphill integers, but $32, 1240,$ and $466$ are not. How many uphill integers are divisible by $15$?

$\textbf{(A)} ~4 \qquad\textbf{(B)} ~5 \qquad\textbf{(C)} ~6 \qquad\textbf{(D)} ~7 \qquad\textbf{(E)} ~8$

Solution 1

The divisibility rule of $15$ is that the number must be congruent to $0$ mod $3$ and congruent to $0$ mod $5$. Being divisible by $5$ means that it must end with a $5$ or a $0$. We can rule out the case when the number ends with a $0$ immediately because the only integer that is uphill and ends with a $0$ is $0$ which is not positive. So now we know that the number ends with a $5$. Looking at the answer choices, the answer choices are all pretty small, so we can generate all of the numbers that are uphill and are divisible by $3$. These numbers are $15, 45, 135, 345, 1245, 12345$ which are $6$ numbers C.

Solution 2

First, note how the number must end in either $5$ or $0$ in order to satisfying being divisible by $15$. However, the number can't end in $0$ because it's not strictly greater than the previous digits. Thus, our number must end in $5$. We do casework on the number of digits. $\newline$

Case 1 = $1$ digit. No numbers work, so $0$ $\newline$

Case 2 = $2$ digits. We have the numbers $15, 45,$ and $75$, but $75$ isn't an uphill number, so $2$ numbers. $\newline$

Case 3 = $3$ digits. We have the numbers $135, 345$. So $2$ numbers. $\newline$

Case 4 = $4$ digits. We have the numbers $1235, 1245$ and $2345$, but only $1245$ satisfies this condition, so $1$ number. $\newline$

Case 5= $5$ digits. We have only $12345$, so $1$ number. $\newline$

Adding these up, we have $2+2+1+1 = 6$. $\boxed {C}$

~JustinLee2017

Solution 3

Like solution 2, we can proceed by using casework. A number is divisible by $15$ if is divisible by $3$ and $5.$ In this case, the units digit must be $5,$ otherwise no number can be formed.

Case 1: sum of digits = 6

There is only one number, $15.$

Case 2: sum of digits = 9

There are two numbers: $45$ and $135.$

Case 3: sum of digits = 12

There are two numbers: $345$ and $1245.$

Case 4: sum of digits = 15

There is only one number, $12345.$

We can see that we have exhausted all cases, because in order to have a larger sum of digits, then a number greater than $5$ needs to be used, breaking the conditions of the problem. The answer is $\textbf{(C)}.$

~coolmath34

Solution 4

For every positive integer, it is divisible by $3$ if and only if its digit-sum is divisible by $3;$ it is divisible by $5$ if and only if its units digit is $0$ or $5.$ Since the desired positive integers are going uphill, their units digits must be $5$s.

Case (1): Remove $\boldsymbol{0}$ digits.

Case (2): Remove $\boldsymbol{1}$ digit.

Case (3): Remove $\boldsymbol{2}$ digits.

Case (4): Remove $\boldsymbol{3}$ digits.

Case (5): Remove $\boldsymbol{4}$ digits.

~MRENTHUSIASM

Video Solution by OmegaLearn (Using Divisibility Rules and Casework)

https://youtu.be/n2FnKxFSW94

~ pi_is_3.14

Video Solution by TheBeautyofMath

https://youtu.be/FV9AnyERgJQ

~IceMatrix

Video Solution by Interstigation

https://youtu.be/9ZlJTVhtu_s

~Interstigation

See Also

2021 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 15 		Followed by
Problem 17
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png

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