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2018 AMC 8 Problems/Problem 22

Revision as of 09:39, 23 November 2018 by Frostfox (talk | contribs) (→‎Solution 1.5)

Problem 22

Point $E$ is the midpoint of side $\overline{CD}$ in square $ABCD,$ and $\overline{BE}$ meets diagonal $\overline{AC}$ at $F.$ The area of quadrilateral $AFED$ is $45.$ What is the area of $ABCD?$

[asy] size(5cm); draw((0,0)--(6,0)--(6,6)--(0,6)--cycle); draw((0,6)--(6,0)); draw((3,0)--(6,6)); label("$A$",(0,6),NW); label("$B$",(6,6),NE); label("$C$",(6,0),SE); label("$D$",(0,0),SW); label("$E$",(3,0),S); label("$F$",(4,2),E); [/asy]

$\textbf{(A) } 100 \qquad \textbf{(B) } 108 \qquad \textbf{(C) } 120 \qquad \textbf{(D) } 135 \qquad \textbf{(E) } 144$

Solution 1

Let the area of $\triangle CEF$ be $x$. Thus, the area of triangle $\triangle ACD$ is $45+x$ and the area of the square is $2(45+x) = 90+2x$.

By AAA similarity, $\triangle CEF \sim \triangle ABF$ with a 1:2 ratio, so the area of triangle $\triangle ABF$ is $4x$. Now consider trapezoid $ABED$. Its area is $45+4x$, which is three-fourths the area of the square. We set up an equation in $x$:

\[45+4x = \frac{3}{4}\left(90+2x\right)\] Solving, we get $x = 9$. The area of square $ABCD$ is $90+2x = 90 + 2 \cdot 9 = \boxed{\textbf{(B)} 108}$.

Solution 1.5

Zooming Into Solution 1

We notice some similar triangles, though you want to know the ratios in order to begin using them.

45 is the area of half the triangle subtracted by $a$ (half the triangle is thus $45+a$), so then the area of the whole square would be $90+2a$. Similar triangles come into use $here$. $\triangle CEF \sim \triangle ABF$= $1/2$. From this we can deduce the area of triangle $\triangle ABF$ is $4x$. Now consider trapezoid $ABED$. Its area is $45+4x$, which is three-fourths the area of the square. We set up an equation in $x$: \[45+4x = \frac{3}{4}\left(90+2x\right)\] Solving, we get $x = 9$. The area of square $ABCD$ is $90+2x = 90 + 2 \cdot 9 = \boxed{\textbf{(B)} 108}$.

Solution 2

We can use analytic geometry for this problem.

Let us start by giving $D$ the coordinate $(0,0)$, $A$ the coordinate $(0,1)$, and so forth. $\overline{AC}$ and $\overline{EB}$ can be represented by the equations $y=-x+1$ and $y=2x-1$, respectively. Solving for their intersection gives point $F$ coordinates $\left(\frac{2}{3},\frac{1}{3}\right)$.

Now, $\triangle$$EFC$’s area is simply $\frac{\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{3}}{2}$ or $\frac{1}{12}$. This means that pentagon $ABCEF$’s area is $\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{12}=\frac{7}{12}$ of the entire square, and it follows that quadrilateral $AFED$’s area is $\frac{5}{12}$ of the square.

The area of the square is then $\frac{45}{\frac{5}{12}}=9\cdot12=\boxed{\textbf{(B)}108}$.

See Also

2018 AMC 8 (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 21 		Followed by
Problem 23
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AJHSME/AMC 8 Problems and Solutions

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