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Difference between revisions of "1991 AIME Problems/Problem 2"

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[[Rectangle]] <math>ABCD_{}^{}</math> has [[edge | sides]] <math>\overline {AB}</math> of [[length]] 4 and <math>\overline {CB}</math> of length 3. Divide <math>\overline {AB}</math> into 168 [[congruent]] [[segment]]s with [[point]]s <math>A_{}^{}=P_0, P_1, \ldots, P_{168}=B</math>, and divide <math>\overline {CB}</math> into 168 congruent segments with points <math>C_{}^{}=Q_0, Q_1, \ldots, Q_{168}=B</math>. For <math>1_{}^{} \le k \le 167</math>, draw the segments <math>\overline {P_kQ_k}</math>. Repeat this [[construction]] on the sides <math>\overline {AD}</math> and <math>\overline {CD}</math>, and then draw the [[diagonal]] <math>\overline {AC}</math>. Find the sum of the lengths of the 335 [[parallel]] segments drawn.
 
[[Rectangle]] <math>ABCD_{}^{}</math> has [[edge | sides]] <math>\overline {AB}</math> of [[length]] 4 and <math>\overline {CB}</math> of length 3. Divide <math>\overline {AB}</math> into 168 [[congruent]] [[segment]]s with [[point]]s <math>A_{}^{}=P_0, P_1, \ldots, P_{168}=B</math>, and divide <math>\overline {CB}</math> into 168 congruent segments with points <math>C_{}^{}=Q_0, Q_1, \ldots, Q_{168}=B</math>. For <math>1_{}^{} \le k \le 167</math>, draw the segments <math>\overline {P_kQ_k}</math>. Repeat this [[construction]] on the sides <math>\overline {AD}</math> and <math>\overline {CD}</math>, and then draw the [[diagonal]] <math>\overline {AC}</math>. Find the sum of the lengths of the 335 [[parallel]] segments drawn.
  
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== Solution ==
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== Solution 1 ==
 
<center><asy>
 
<center><asy>
 
real r = 0.35; size(220);
 
real r = 0.35; size(220);
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=168\cdot5
 
=168\cdot5
 
=\boxed{840}</math>
 
=\boxed{840}</math>
 +
 +
==Solution 2==
 +
 +
Using the above diagram, we have that <math> \Delta ABC \sim \Delta P_k B Q_k </math> and each one of these is a dilated 3-4-5 right triangle (This is true since <math>\Delta ABC </math> is a 3-4-5 right triangle). Now, for all <math>k</math>, we have that <math>\overline{P_k Q_k}</math> is the hypotenuse for the triangle <math>P_k B Q_k</math>. Therefore we want to know the sum of the lengths of all <math>\overline{P_k Q_k}</math>.This is given by the following:
 +
<cmath>  2 \cdot(\sum_{k=1}^{168} P_kQ_k) + 5 </cmath>
 +
 +
<cmath> = 2 \cdot \frac{ 0+5+10+...+835}{168} +5</cmath>
 +
Then by the summation formula for the sum of the terms of an arithmetic series,
 +
<cmath> = \frac{835 \cdot 168}{168} +5 = 835+5 = \boxed{840}</cmath>
 +
 +
~qwertysri987
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==

Revision as of 11:51, 19 July 2019

Problem

Rectangle $ABCD_{}^{}$ has sides $\overline {AB}$ of length 4 and $\overline {CB}$ of length 3. Divide $\overline {AB}$ into 168 congruent segments with points $A_{}^{}=P_0, P_1, \ldots, P_{168}=B$, and divide $\overline {CB}$ into 168 congruent segments with points $C_{}^{}=Q_0, Q_1, \ldots, Q_{168}=B$. For $1_{}^{} \le k \le 167$, draw the segments $\overline {P_kQ_k}$. Repeat this construction on the sides $\overline {AD}$ and $\overline {CD}$, and then draw the diagonal $\overline {AC}$. Find the sum of the lengths of the 335 parallel segments drawn.

Solution 1

[asy] real r = 0.35; size(220); pointpen=black;pathpen=black+linewidth(0.65);pen f = fontsize(8); pair A=(0,0),B=(4,0),C=(4,3),D=(0,3); D(A--B--C--D--cycle); pair P1=A+(r,0),P2=A+(2r,0),P3=B-(r,0),P4=B-(2r,0); pair Q1=C-(0,r),Q2=C-(0,2r),Q3=B+(0,r),Q4=B+(0,2r); D(A--C);D(P1--Q1);D(P2--Q2);D(P3--Q3);D(P4--Q4); MP("A",A,f);MP("B",B,SE,f);MP("C",C,NE,f);MP("D",D,W,f); MP("P_1",P1,f);MP("P_2",P2,f);MP("P_{167}",P3,f);MP("P_{166}",P4,f);MP("Q_1",Q1,E,f);MP("Q_2",Q2,E,f);MP("Q_{167}",Q3,E,f);MP("Q_{166}",Q4,E,f); MP("4",(A+B)/2,N,f);MP("\cdots",(A+B)/2,f); MP("3",(B+C)/2,W,f);MP("\vdots",(C+B)/2,E,f); [/asy]

The length of the diagonal is $\sqrt{3^2 + 4^2} = 5$ (a 3-4-5 right triangle). For each $k$, $\overline{P_kQ_k}$ is the hypotenuse of a $3-4-5$ right triangle with sides of $3 \cdot \frac{168-k}{168}, 4 \cdot \frac{168-k}{168}$. Thus, its length is $5 \cdot \frac{168-k}{168}$. Let $a_k=\frac{5(168-k)}{168}$. We want to find $2\sum\limits_{k=1}^{168} a_k-5$ since we are over counting the diagonal. $2\sum\limits_{k=1}^{168} \frac{5(168-k)}{168}-5 =2\frac{(0+5)\cdot169}{2}-5 =168\cdot5 =\boxed{840}$

Solution 2

Using the above diagram, we have that $\Delta ABC \sim \Delta P_k B Q_k$ and each one of these is a dilated 3-4-5 right triangle (This is true since $\Delta ABC$ is a 3-4-5 right triangle). Now, for all $k$, we have that $\overline{P_k Q_k}$ is the hypotenuse for the triangle $P_k B Q_k$. Therefore we want to know the sum of the lengths of all $\overline{P_k Q_k}$.This is given by the following: \[2 \cdot(\sum_{k=1}^{168} P_kQ_k) + 5\]

\[= 2 \cdot \frac{ 0+5+10+...+835}{168} +5\] Then by the summation formula for the sum of the terms of an arithmetic series, \[= \frac{835 \cdot 168}{168} +5 = 835+5 = \boxed{840}\]

~qwertysri987

See also

1991 AIME (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 1 		Followed by
Problem 3
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All AIME Problems and Solutions

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