Difference between revisions of "2013 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 19"
Sugar rush (talk | contribs) |
|||
Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
==Solution 3== | ==Solution 3== | ||
If we draw a diagram as given, but then add point <math>G</math> on <math>\overline{BC}</math> such that <math>\overline{FG}\perp\overline{BC}</math> in order to use the Pythagorean theorem, we end up with similar triangles <math>\triangle{DFG}</math> and <math>\triangle{DCE}</math>. Thus, <math>FG=\tfrac35x</math> and <math>DG=\tfrac45x</math>, where <math>x</math> is the length of <math>\overline{DF}</math>. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we now get <cmath>BF = \sqrt{\left(\frac45x+ 5\right)^2 + \left(\frac35x\right)^2}</cmath> and <math>AF</math> can be found out noting that <math>AE</math> is just <math>\tfrac{48}5</math> through base times height (since <math>12\cdot 9 = 15 \cdot \tfrac{36}5</math>, similar triangles gives <math>AE = \tfrac{48}5</math>), and that <math>EF</math> is just <math>\tfrac{36}5 - x</math>. From there, <cmath>AF = \sqrt{\left(\frac{36}5 - x\right)^2 + \left(\frac{48}5\right)^2}.</cmath> Now, <math>BF^2 + AF^2 = 169</math>, and squaring and adding both sides and subtracting a 169 from both sides gives <math>2x^2 - \tfrac{32}5x = 0</math>, so <math>x = \tfrac{16}5</math>. Thus, the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}</math>. | If we draw a diagram as given, but then add point <math>G</math> on <math>\overline{BC}</math> such that <math>\overline{FG}\perp\overline{BC}</math> in order to use the Pythagorean theorem, we end up with similar triangles <math>\triangle{DFG}</math> and <math>\triangle{DCE}</math>. Thus, <math>FG=\tfrac35x</math> and <math>DG=\tfrac45x</math>, where <math>x</math> is the length of <math>\overline{DF}</math>. Using the Pythagorean theorem, we now get <cmath>BF = \sqrt{\left(\frac45x+ 5\right)^2 + \left(\frac35x\right)^2}</cmath> and <math>AF</math> can be found out noting that <math>AE</math> is just <math>\tfrac{48}5</math> through base times height (since <math>12\cdot 9 = 15 \cdot \tfrac{36}5</math>, similar triangles gives <math>AE = \tfrac{48}5</math>), and that <math>EF</math> is just <math>\tfrac{36}5 - x</math>. From there, <cmath>AF = \sqrt{\left(\frac{36}5 - x\right)^2 + \left(\frac{48}5\right)^2}.</cmath> Now, <math>BF^2 + AF^2 = 169</math>, and squaring and adding both sides and subtracting a 169 from both sides gives <math>2x^2 - \tfrac{32}5x = 0</math>, so <math>x = \tfrac{16}5</math>. Thus, the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}</math>. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Solution 4 (Power of a Point)== | ||
+ | First, we find <math>BD = 5</math>, <math>DC = 9</math>, and <math>AD = 12</math> via the Pythagorean Theorem or by using similar triangles. Next, because <math>DE</math> is an altitude of triangle <math>ADC</math>, <math>DE = \frac{AD\cdot DC}{AC} = \frac{36}{5}</math>. Using that, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem and similar triangles to find <math>EC = \frac{27}{5}</math> and <math>AE = \frac{48}{5}</math>. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Points <math>A</math>, <math>B</math>, <math>D</math>, and <math>F</math> all lie on a circle whose diameter is <math>AB</math>. Let the point where the circle intersects <math>AC</math> be <math>G</math>. Using power of a point, we can write the following equation to solve for <math>AG</math>: <cmath>DC\cdot BC = CG\cdot AC</cmath> <cmath>9\cdot 14 = CG\cdot 15</cmath> <cmath>CG = 126/15</cmath> Using that, we can find <math>AG = \frac{99}{15}</math>, and using <math>AG</math>, we can find that <math>GE = 3</math>. | ||
+ | |||
+ | We can use power of a point again to solve for <math>DF</math>: <cmath>FE\cdot DE = GE\cdot AE</cmath> <cmath>(\frac{36}{5} – DF)\cdot \frac{36}{5} = 3 \cdot \frac{48}{5}</cmath> <cmath>\frac{36}{5} – DF = 4</cmath> <cmath>DF = \frac{16}{5} = \frac{m}{n}</cmath> Thus, <math>m+n = 16+5 = 21</math> <math>\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}</math>. | ||
== See also == | == See also == |
Revision as of 08:50, 28 January 2021
- The following problem is from both the 2013 AMC 12B #19 and 2013 AMC 10B #23, so both problems redirect to this page.
Contents
[hide]Problem
In triangle , , , and . Distinct points , , and lie on segments , , and , respectively, such that , , and . The length of segment can be written as , where and are relatively prime positive integers. What is ?
Solution 1
Since , quadrilateral is cyclic. It follows that . In addition, triangles and are similar, and triangles and are similar. We can easily find , , and using pythagorean triples. So, the ratio of the hypotenuse to the longer leg of all three similar triangles is , and the ratio of the hypotenuse to the shorter leg is . It follows that . By Ptolemy's Theorem, we have where . Dividing by we get so our answer is .
Solution 2
Using the similar triangles in triangle gives and . Quadrilateral is cyclic, implying that = 180°. Therefore, , and triangles and are similar. Solving the resulting proportion gives . Therefore, and our answer is .
Solution 3
If we draw a diagram as given, but then add point on such that in order to use the Pythagorean theorem, we end up with similar triangles and . Thus, and , where is the length of . Using the Pythagorean theorem, we now get and can be found out noting that is just through base times height (since , similar triangles gives ), and that is just . From there, Now, , and squaring and adding both sides and subtracting a 169 from both sides gives , so . Thus, the answer is .
Solution 4 (Power of a Point)
First, we find , , and via the Pythagorean Theorem or by using similar triangles. Next, because is an altitude of triangle , . Using that, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem and similar triangles to find and .
Points , , , and all lie on a circle whose diameter is . Let the point where the circle intersects be . Using power of a point, we can write the following equation to solve for : Using that, we can find , and using , we can find that .
We can use power of a point again to solve for : Thus, .
See also
2013 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 18 |
Followed by Problem 20 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
2013 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 22 |
Followed by Problem 24 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.