Difference between revisions of "2005 AIME I Problems/Problem 3"
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Suppose <math>n</math> is such an [[integer]]. Because <math>n</math> has <math>3</math> proper divisors, it must have <math>4</math> divisors,, so <math>n</math> must be in the form <math>n=p\cdot q</math> or <math>n=p^3</math> for distinct [[prime number]]s <math>p</math> and <math>q</math>. | Suppose <math>n</math> is such an [[integer]]. Because <math>n</math> has <math>3</math> proper divisors, it must have <math>4</math> divisors,, so <math>n</math> must be in the form <math>n=p\cdot q</math> or <math>n=p^3</math> for distinct [[prime number]]s <math>p</math> and <math>q</math>. | ||
− | In the first case, the three proper divisors of <math>n</math> are <math>1</math>, <math>p</math> and <math>q</math>. Thus, we need to pick two prime numbers less than <math>50</math>. There are fifteen of these (<math>2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43</math> and <math>47</math>) so there are <math> {15 \choose 2} =105</math> numbers of the first type. | + | In the first case, the three proper divisors of <math>n</math> are <math>1</math>, <math>p</math> and <math>q</math>. Thus, we need to pick two prime numbers less than <math>50</math>. There are fifteen of these (<math>2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43</math> and <math>47</math>) so there are <math> {15 \choose 2} =105</math> ways to choose a pair of primes from the list above and thus <math>105</math> numbers of the first type. |
− | In the second case, the three proper divisors of <math>n</math> are 1, <math>p</math> and <math>p^2</math>. Thus we need to pick a prime number whose square is less than <math>50</math>. There are four of these (<math>2, 3, 5</math> and <math>7</math>) and so four numbers of the second type. | + | In the second case, the three proper divisors of <math>n</math> are 1, <math>p</math> and <math>p^2</math>. Thus we need to pick a prime number whose square is less than <math>50</math>. There are four of these (<math>2, 3, 5,</math> and <math>7</math>) and so four numbers of the second type. |
Thus there are <math>105+4=\boxed{109}</math> integers that meet the given conditions. | Thus there are <math>105+4=\boxed{109}</math> integers that meet the given conditions. |
Revision as of 11:34, 16 August 2022
Problem
How many positive integers have exactly three proper divisors (positive integral divisors excluding itself), each of which is less than 50?
Solution
Suppose is such an integer. Because
has
proper divisors, it must have
divisors,, so
must be in the form
or
for distinct prime numbers
and
.
In the first case, the three proper divisors of are
,
and
. Thus, we need to pick two prime numbers less than
. There are fifteen of these (
and
) so there are
ways to choose a pair of primes from the list above and thus
numbers of the first type.
In the second case, the three proper divisors of are 1,
and
. Thus we need to pick a prime number whose square is less than
. There are four of these (
and
) and so four numbers of the second type.
Thus there are integers that meet the given conditions.
See also
2005 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 2 |
Followed by Problem 4 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |
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