Difference between revisions of "2021 Fall AMC 12B Problems/Problem 13"
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Let <math>c=\frac{2\pi}{p}</math> where <math>p</math> is an odd prime number and <math>n</math> is a relatively prime number to <math>p</math>. | Let <math>c=\frac{2\pi}{p}</math> where <math>p</math> is an odd prime number and <math>n</math> is a relatively prime number to <math>p</math>. | ||
| − | Then <math>\dfrac{\sin(nc)\sin(2nc)\ldots\sin(\frac{p-1}{2}nc)}{\sin(c)\sin(2c)\ldots\sin(\frac{p-1}{2}c)}</math> is the Legendre symbol of <math>n | + | Then <math>\dfrac{\sin(nc)\sin(2nc)\ldots\sin(\frac{p-1}{2}nc)}{\sin(c)\sin(2c)\ldots\sin(\frac{p-1}{2}c)}</math> is the Legendre symbol of <math>\left(\frac{n}{p}\right)</math> as famous German Number Theoretician Ferdinand Gotthold Max Eisenstein used to prove the Legendre symbol. Any sensible person who researched Legendre symbols on wikipedia right before the competition would have gotten it in 5 seconds. Legendre symbol is calculated using quadratic reciprocity. <math>\left(\frac{p}{q}\right)\left(\frac{q}{p}\right)=(-1)^{\frac{p-1}{2}\frac{q-1}{2}}</math> |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_symbol#cite_ref-7 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_symbol#cite_ref-7 | ||
Revision as of 21:27, 16 November 2022
Contents
Problem
Let 
What is the value of
![\[\frac{\sin 3c \cdot \sin 6c \cdot \sin 9c \cdot \sin 12c \cdot \sin 15c}{\sin c \cdot \sin 2c \cdot \sin 3c \cdot \sin 4c \cdot \sin 5c}?\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/5/c/b/5cb66360bc69b72e86eac3564c26bae7fd577bc9.png)
Solution
Plugging in 
, we get
![\[\frac{\sin 3c \cdot \sin 6c \cdot \sin 9c \cdot \sin 12c \cdot \sin 15c}{\sin c \cdot \sin 2c \cdot \sin 3c \cdot \sin 4c \cdot \sin 5c}=\frac{\sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{12\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{18\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{24\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{30\pi}{11}}{\sin \frac{2\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{4\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{8\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{10\pi}{11}}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/f/f/8/ff84ea1918eb8039edc31877eb63ca11dfef1986.png)
Since 
and 
we get
![\[\frac{\sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{12\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{18\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{24\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{30\pi}{11}}{\sin \frac{2\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{4\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{8\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{10\pi}{11}}=\frac{\sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{-10\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{-4\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{2\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{8\pi}{11}}{\sin \frac{2\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{4\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{6\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{8\pi}{11} \cdot \sin \frac{10\pi}{11}}=\boxed{\textbf{(E)}\ 1}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/e/7/e/e7e5d4583710682a595b107182f40d55b4cad8b7.png)
~kingofpineapplz ~Ziyao7294 (minor edit)
Solution 2
Let 
where 
is an odd prime number and 
is a relatively prime number to .
Then 
is the Legendre symbol of 
as famous German Number Theoretician Ferdinand Gotthold Max Eisenstein used to prove the Legendre symbol. Any sensible person who researched Legendre symbols on wikipedia right before the competition would have gotten it in 5 seconds. Legendre symbol is calculated using quadratic reciprocity. 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legendre_symbol#cite_ref-7
~Lopkiloinm
See Also
| 2021 Fall AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
| Preceded by Problem 12 |
Followed by Problem 14 |
| 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
| All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions | |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. 
