Difference between revisions of "2021 AIME II Problems/Problem 12"
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==Solution 1 (Sines and Cosines)== | ==Solution 1 (Sines and Cosines)== | ||
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Since we are asked to find <math>\tan \theta</math>, we can find <math>\sin \theta</math> and <math>\cos \theta</math> separately and use their values to get <math>\tan \theta</math>. We can start by drawing a diagram. Let the vertices of the quadrilateral be <math>A</math>, <math>B</math>, <math>C</math>, and <math>D</math>. Let <math>AB = 5</math>, <math>BC = 6</math>, <math>CD = 9</math>, and <math>DA = 7</math>. Let <math>AX = a</math>, <math>BX = b</math>, <math>CX = c</math>, and <math>DX = d</math>. We know that <math>\theta</math> is the acute angle formed between the intersection of the diagonals <math>AC</math> and <math>BD</math>. | Since we are asked to find <math>\tan \theta</math>, we can find <math>\sin \theta</math> and <math>\cos \theta</math> separately and use their values to get <math>\tan \theta</math>. We can start by drawing a diagram. Let the vertices of the quadrilateral be <math>A</math>, <math>B</math>, <math>C</math>, and <math>D</math>. Let <math>AB = 5</math>, <math>BC = 6</math>, <math>CD = 9</math>, and <math>DA = 7</math>. Let <math>AX = a</math>, <math>BX = b</math>, <math>CX = c</math>, and <math>DX = d</math>. We know that <math>\theta</math> is the acute angle formed between the intersection of the diagonals <math>AC</math> and <math>BD</math>. | ||
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Since we have figured out <math>\sin \theta</math> and <math>\cos \theta</math>, we can calculate <math>\tan \theta</math>: <cmath>\tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta} = \frac{\frac{60}{ab + bc + cd + da}}{\frac{21/2}{ab + bc + cd + da}} = \frac{60}{21/2} = \frac{120}{21} = \frac{40}{7}.</cmath> | Since we have figured out <math>\sin \theta</math> and <math>\cos \theta</math>, we can calculate <math>\tan \theta</math>: <cmath>\tan \theta = \frac{\sin \theta}{\cos \theta} = \frac{\frac{60}{ab + bc + cd + da}}{\frac{21/2}{ab + bc + cd + da}} = \frac{60}{21/2} = \frac{120}{21} = \frac{40}{7}.</cmath> | ||
Therefore our answer is <math>40 + 7 = \boxed{047}</math>. | Therefore our answer is <math>40 + 7 = \boxed{047}</math>. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ~ Steven Chen (www.professorchenedu.com) | ||
~ my_aops_lessons | ~ my_aops_lessons |
Revision as of 00:03, 7 September 2021
Contents
Problem
A convex quadrilateral has area and side lengths
and
in that order. Denote by
the measure of the acute angle formed by the diagonals of the quadrilateral. Then
can be written in the form
, where
and
are relatively prime positive integers. Find
.
Solution 1 (Sines and Cosines)
Since we are asked to find , we can find
and
separately and use their values to get
. We can start by drawing a diagram. Let the vertices of the quadrilateral be
,
,
, and
. Let
,
,
, and
. Let
,
,
, and
. We know that
is the acute angle formed between the intersection of the diagonals
and
.
We are given that the area of quadrilateral
is
. We can express this area using the areas of triangles
,
,
, and
. Since we want to find
and
, we can represent these areas using
as follows:
We know that
. Therefore it follows that:
From here we see that
. Now we need to find
. Using the Law of Cosines on each of the four smaller triangles, we get following equations:
We know that
. We can substitute this value into our equations to get:
If we subtract the sum of the first and third equation from the sum of the second and fourth equation, the squared terms cancel, leaving us with:
From here we see that
.
Since we have figured out and
, we can calculate
:
Therefore our answer is
.
~ Steven Chen (www.professorchenedu.com)
~ my_aops_lessons
Solution 2 (Right Triangles)
This solution refers to the Diagram section.
In convex quadrilateral let
and
Let
and
be the feet of the perpendiculars from
and
respectively, to
We obtain the following diagram:
Let and
We apply the Pythagorean Theorem to right triangles
and
respectively:
Let the brackets denote areas. We get
We subtract
from
From right triangles
and
we have
It follows that
Finally, we divide
by
from which the answer is
~MRENTHUSIASM
Solution 3
Let ,
,
,
be the vertices of the quadrilateral,
,
,
,
be the lengths of the sides of
, and
and
be the lengths of the diagonals of
. By Bretschneider's formula,
. Thus,
. Also,
; solving for
yields
. Since
is acute,
is positive, so
. Solving for
yields
, for a final answer of
.
~ Leo.Euler
Video Solution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7DxIdTLNbo0
See Also
2021 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 11 |
Followed by Problem 13 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.