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Difference between revisions of "2022 AIME II Problems/Problem 14"

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(→‎Solution 1)
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Notice that we must have <math>a = 1</math>, or else <math>1</math> cent stamp cannot be represented. At least <math>b-1</math> numbers of <math>1</math> cent stamps are needed to represent the values less than <math>b</math>. Using at most <math>c-1</math> stamps of value <math>1</math> and <math>b</math>, it is able to have all the values from <math>1</math> to <math>c-1</math> cents. Plus <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>c</math>, every value up to <math>1000</math> is able to be represented. Therefore using <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>c</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>b</math>, and <math>b-1</math> stamps of value <math>1</math> all values up to <math>1000</math> are able to be represented in sub-collections, while minimizing the number of stamps.
 
Notice that we must have <math>a = 1</math>, or else <math>1</math> cent stamp cannot be represented. At least <math>b-1</math> numbers of <math>1</math> cent stamps are needed to represent the values less than <math>b</math>. Using at most <math>c-1</math> stamps of value <math>1</math> and <math>b</math>, it is able to have all the values from <math>1</math> to <math>c-1</math> cents. Plus <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>c</math>, every value up to <math>1000</math> is able to be represented. Therefore using <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>c</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor</math> stamps of value <math>b</math>, and <math>b-1</math> stamps of value <math>1</math> all values up to <math>1000</math> are able to be represented in sub-collections, while minimizing the number of stamps.
  
−
So, <math>f(a, b, c) = \lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1</math>
+
So, <math>f(a, b, c) = \lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1</math>, <math>b<c-1</math>
  
 
<math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
 
<math>\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
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Case <math>2.2</math>: <math>c = 87</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{87} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
 
Case <math>2.2</math>: <math>c = 87</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{87} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
  
−
<math>\lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b = 87</math>, <math>b=86</math> or <math>1</math>, solution is <math>b = 86</math>
+
<math>\lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b = 87</math>, <math>b=86</math> or <math>1</math>, <math>c-1=86</math>, <math>a=1</math>, no solution
  
 
Case <math>2.3</math>: <math>c = 88</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{88} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
 
Case <math>2.3</math>: <math>c = 88</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{88} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
Line 41: Line 41:
 
<math>\lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b = 87</math>, <math>b=86</math>
 
<math>\lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b = 87</math>, <math>b=86</math>
  
−
To be continued......
+
Case <math>2.4</math>: <math>c = 89</math>, <math>\lfloor \frac{999}{89} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{88}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>\lfloor \frac{88}{b} \rfloor + b = 87</math>, <math>b=86</math>
 +
 
 +
The <math>3</math> least values of <math>c</math> is <math>11</math>, <math>88</math>, <math>89</math>. <math>11 + 88+ 89 = \boxed{\textbf{188}}</math>
  
 
~[https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/User:Isabelchen isabelchen]
 
~[https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/User:Isabelchen isabelchen]

Revision as of 11:59, 19 February 2022

Problem

For positive integers $a$, $b$, and $c$ with $a < b < c$, consider collections of postage stamps in denominations $a$, $b$, and $c$ cents that contain at least one stamp of each denomination. If there exists such a collection that contains sub-collections worth every whole number of cents up to $1000$ cents, let $f(a, b, c)$ be the minimum number of stamps in such a collection. Find the sum of the three least values of $c$ such that $f(a, b, c) = 97$ for some choice of $a$ and $b$.

Solution 1

Notice that we must have $a = 1$, or else $1$ cent stamp cannot be represented. At least $b-1$ numbers of $1$ cent stamps are needed to represent the values less than $b$. Using at most $c-1$ stamps of value $1$ and $b$, it is able to have all the values from $1$ to $c-1$ cents. Plus $\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor$ stamps of value $c$, every value up to $1000$ is able to be represented. Therefore using $\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor$ stamps of value $c$, $\lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor$ stamps of value $b$, and $b-1$ stamps of value $1$ all values up to $1000$ are able to be represented in sub-collections, while minimizing the number of stamps.

So, $f(a, b, c) = \lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1$, $b<c-1$

$\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

We can get the answer by solving this equation.

$c > \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1$

$\frac{999}{c} + c > \lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$c^2 - 97c + 999 > 0$, $c > 85.3$, $c < 11.7$

$\lfloor \frac{999}{c} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{c-1}{b} \rfloor + b-1 > \frac{999}{c}$

$97 > \frac{999}{c}$, $c>10.3$

Case $1$: For $10.3 < c < 11.7$, $c = 11$, $\lfloor \frac{999}{11} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{10}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$\lfloor \frac{10}{b} \rfloor + b = 8$, $b=7$

Case $2$: For $c>85.3$,

Case $2.1$: $c = 86$, $\lfloor \frac{999}{86} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{85}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$\lfloor \frac{85}{b} \rfloor + b = 87$, $b=87 > c$, no solution

Case $2.2$: $c = 87$, $\lfloor \frac{999}{87} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$\lfloor \frac{86}{b} \rfloor + b = 87$, $b=86$ or $1$, $c-1=86$, $a=1$, no solution

Case $2.3$: $c = 88$, $\lfloor \frac{999}{88} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$\lfloor \frac{87}{b} \rfloor + b = 87$, $b=86$

Case $2.4$: $c = 89$, $\lfloor \frac{999}{89} \rfloor + \lfloor \frac{88}{b} \rfloor + b-1 = 97$

$\lfloor \frac{88}{b} \rfloor + b = 87$, $b=86$

The $3$ least values of $c$ is $11$, $88$, $89$. $11 + 88+ 89 = \boxed{\textbf{188}}$

~isabelchen

See Also

2022 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 13 		Followed by
Problem 15
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

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