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2017 AIME I Problems/Problem 2

Revision as of 16:21, 9 March 2021 by Solasky (talk | contribs) (→‎Solution)

Problem 2

When each of $702$, $787$, and $855$ is divided by the positive integer $m$, the remainder is always the positive integer $r$. When each of $412$, $722$, and $815$ is divided by the positive integer $n$, the remainder is always the positive integer $s \neq r$. Find $m+n+r+s$.

Solution

Let's work on both parts of the problem separately. First, \[855 \equiv 787 \equiv 702 \equiv r \pmod{m}.\] We take the difference of $855$ and $787$, and also of $787$ and $702$. We find that they are $85$ and $68$, respectively. Since the greatest common divisor of the two differences is $17$ (and the only one besides one), it's safe to assume that $m = 17$.

Then, we divide $855$ by $17$, and it's easy to see that $r = 5$. Dividing $787$ and $702$ by $17$ also yields remainders of $5$, which means our work up to here is correct.

Doing the same thing with $815$, $722$, and $412$, the differences between $815$ and $722$ and $412$ are $310$ and $93$, respectively. Since the only common divisor (besides $1$, of course) is $31$, $n = 31$. Dividing all $3$ numbers by $31$ yields a remainder of $9$ for each, so $s = 9$. Thus, $m + n + r + s = 17 + 5 + 31 + 9 = \boxed{062}$.

Solution 2

We know that $702 = am + r, 787 = bm + r,$ and $855 = cm+r$ where $a-c$ are integers.

Subtracting the first two, the first and third, and the last two, we get $85 = (b-a)m, 153=(c-a)m,$ and $68=(c-b)m.$

We know that $b-a, c-a$ and $c-b$ must be integers, so all the numbers are divisible by $m.$

Factorizing the numbers, we get $85 = 5 \cdot 17, 153 = 3^2 \cdot 17,$ and $68 = 2^2 \cdot 17.$ We see that all these have a factor of 17, so $m=17.$

Finding the remainder when $702$ is divided by $17,$ we get $n=5.$

Doing the same thing for the next three numbers, we get $17 + 5 + 31 + 9 = \boxed{62}$

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/BiiKzctXDJg ~Shreyas S

See Also

2017 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 1 		Followed by
Problem 3
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

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