2012 AIME I Problems/Problem 8
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Problem 8
Cube labeled as shown below, has edge length and is cut by a plane passing through vertex and the midpoints and of and respectively. The plane divides the cube into two solids. The volume of the larger of the two solids can be written in the form where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find
Solution: think outside the box
Define a coordinate system with at the origin and and on the , , and axes respectively. The and It follows that the plane going through and has equation Let be the intersection of this plane and edge and let Now since is on the plane. Also, lies on the extensions of segments and so the solid is a right triangular pyramid. Note also that pyramid is similar to with scale factor and thus the volume of solid which is one of the solids bounded by the cube and the plane, is But the volume of is simply the volume of a pyramid with base and height which is So Note, however, that this volume is less than and thus this solid is the smaller of the two solids. The desired volume is then
Solution 2
Define a coordinate system with , , . The plane formed by , , and is . It intersects the base of the unit cube at . The z-coordinate of the plane never exceeds the height of the unit cube for . Therefore, the volume of one of the two regions formed by the plane is Since , our answer is .
Alternative Solution (using calculus) : think inside the box
Let be the intersection of the plane with edge then is similar to and the volume is a sum of areas of cross sections of similar triangles running parallel to face Let be the distance from face let be the height parallel to of the cross-sectional triangle at that distance, and be the area of the cross-sectional triangle at that distance. and then , and the volume is Thus the volume of the larger solid is
Alternative Solution : think inside the box with formula
If you memorized the formula for a frustum, then this problem is very trivial.
The formula for a frustum is:
where is the area of the base and is the height from the chopped of apex to the base.
We can easily see that from symmetry, the area of the smaller front base is and the area of the larger back base is
Now to find the height of the apex.
Extend the and (call the intersection of the plane with G) to meet at . Now from similar triangles and we can easily find the total height of the triangle to be
Now straight from our formula, the area is Thus the answer is:
See also
2012 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 7 |
Followed by Problem 9 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |
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