2018 AIME II Problems/Problem 5
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[hide]Problem
Suppose that , , and are complex numbers such that , , and , where . Then there are real numbers and such that . Find .
Solution 1
First we evaluate the magnitudes. , , and . Therefore, , or . Divide to find that , , and . This allows us to see that the argument of is , and the argument of is . We need to convert the polar form to a standard form. Simple trig identities show and . More division is needed to find what is. Written by a1b2
Solution 2
Dividing the first equation by the second equation given, we find that . Substituting this into the third equation, we get . Taking the square root of this is equivalent to halving the argument and taking the square root of the magnitude. Furthermore, the second equation given tells us that the argument of is the negative of that of , and their magnitudes multiply to . Thus we have and . To find , we can use the previous substitution we made to find that Therefore, Solution by ktong
Solution 3
We are given that . Thus . We are also given that . Thus . We are also given that = . Substitute and into = . We have . Multiplying out we get . Thus . Simplifying this fraction we get . Cross-multiplying the fractions we get or . Now we can rewrite this as . Let .Thus or . We can see that and thus or .We also can see that because there is no real term in . Thus or . Using the two equations and we solve by doing system of equations that and . And so . Because , then . Simplifying this fraction we get or . Multiplying by the conjugate of the denominator () in the numerator and the denominator and we get . Simplifying this fraction we get . Given that = we can substitute We can solve for z and get . Now we know what , , and are, so all we have to do is plug and chug. or Now or . Thus is our final answer.(David Camacho)
Solution 4
We observe that by multiplying and we get Next, we divide by to
get We have We can write in the form of so we get
Then, and Solving this system of equations is relatively
simple. We have two cases, and
Case 1: so We solve for and by plugging in to the two equations. We see
and so and Solving, we end up with
as our answer.
Case 2: so Again, we solve for and We find
so We again have
Solution by
Solution 5 (Based on advanced mathematical knowledge)
According to the Euler's Theory, we can rewrite , and as As a result, Also, it is clear that So , or Also, we have So now we have , , , and . Solve these above, we get So we can get Use we can find that So So we have and .
As a result, we finally get
~Solution by (Frank FYC)
2018 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
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Followed by Problem 6 | |
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