Difference between revisions of "1997 AIME Problems/Problem 10"

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(Solution: partial solution)
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== Solution ==
 
== Solution ==
{{solution}}
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We call these three types of complementary sets <math>A,B,C</math> respectively. What we are trying to find is
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<cmath>n(A\cup B\cup C)</cmath>
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We know this is equivalent to
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<cmath>n(A)+n(B)+n(C)-n(A\cap B)-n(B\cap C)-n(A\cap C)+n(A\cap B \cap C)</cmath>
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Now, <math>n(A)=\binom{9}{3}+9^3=813</math>. Obviously, <math>n(B)</math> and <math>n(C)</math> are the same. Thus, we have
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<cmath>2439-n(A\cap B)-n(B\cap C)-n(A\cap C)+n(A\cap B \cap C)</cmath>
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{{incomplete|solution}}
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
 
{{AIME box|year=1997|num-b=9|num-a=11}}
 
{{AIME box|year=1997|num-b=9|num-a=11}}

Revision as of 22:57, 20 November 2007

Problem

Every card in a deck has a picture of one shape - circle, square, or triangle, which is painted in one of the three colors - red, blue, or green. Furthermore, each color is applied in one of three shades - light, medium, or dark. The deck has 27 cards, with every shape-color-shade combination represented. A set of three cards from the deck is called complementary if all of the following statements are true:

i. Either each of the three cards has a different shape or all three of the card have the same shape.

ii. Either each of the three cards has a different color or all three of the cards have the same color.

iii. Either each of the three cards has a different shade or all three of the cards have the same shade.

How many different complementary three-card sets are there?

Solution

We call these three types of complementary sets $A,B,C$ respectively. What we are trying to find is

\[n(A\cup B\cup C)\]

We know this is equivalent to

\[n(A)+n(B)+n(C)-n(A\cap B)-n(B\cap C)-n(A\cap C)+n(A\cap B \cap C)\]

Now, $n(A)=\binom{9}{3}+9^3=813$. Obviously, $n(B)$ and $n(C)$ are the same. Thus, we have


\[2439-n(A\cap B)-n(B\cap C)-n(A\cap C)+n(A\cap B \cap C)\]

Template:Incomplete

See also

1997 AIME (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 9
Followed by
Problem 11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions