Difference between revisions of "2017 AMC 12A Problems/Problem 18"

Problem

Let $S(n)$ equal the sum of the digits of positive integer $n$. For example, $S(1507) = 13$. For a particular positive integer $n$, $S(n) = 1274$. Which of the following could be the value of $S(n+1)$?

$\textbf{(A)}\ 1 \qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 3\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ 12\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 1239\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ 1265$

Solution 1

Note that $n\equiv S(n)\bmod 9$, so $S(n+1)-S(n)\equiv n+1-n = 1\bmod 9$. So, since $S(n)=1274\equiv 5\bmod 9$, we have that $S(n+1)\equiv 6\bmod 9$. The only one of the answer choices $\equiv 6\bmod 9$ is $\boxed{(D)=\ 1239}$.

Solution 2

One possible value of $S(n)$ would be $1275$, but this is not any of the choices. Therefore, we know that $n$ ends in $9$, and after adding $1$, the last digit $9$ carries over, turning the last digit into $0$. If the next digit is also a $9$, this process repeats until we get to a non-$9$ digit. By the end, the sum of digits would decrease by $9$ multiplied by the number of carry-overs but increase by $1$ as a result of the final carrying over. Therefore, the result must be $9x-1$ less than original value of $S(n)$, $1274$, where $x$ is a positive integer. The only choice that satisfies this condition is $\boxed{1239}$, since $(1274-1239+1) \bmod 9 = 0$. The answer is $\boxed{D}$.

Solution 3

Another way to solve this is to realize that if you continuously add the digits of the number $1274 (1 + 2 + 7 + 4 = 14, 1 + 4 = 5)$, we get $5$. Adding one to that, we get $6$. So, if we assess each option to see which one attains $6$, we would discover that $1239$ satisfies the requirement, because $1 + 2 + 3 + 9 = 15$. $1 + 5 = 6$. The answer is $\boxed{D}$.

Solution 4(Similar to Solution 1)

Note that a lot of numbers can have a sum of $1274$, but what we use wishful thinking and want is some simple number $n$ where it is easy to compute the sum of the digits of $n+1$. This number would consists of basically all digits $9$, since when you add $1$ a lot of stuff will cancel out and end up at $0$(ex: $399+1=400$). We see that the maximum number of $9$s that can be in $1274$ is $141$ and we are left with a remainder of $5$, so $n$ is in the form $99...9599...9$. If we add $1$ to this number we will get $99...9600...0$ so this the sum of the digits of $n+1$ is congruent to $6 \mod 9$. The only answer choice that is equivalent to $6 \mod 9$ is $1239$, so our answer is $\boxed{D}$ -srisainandan6

~ pi_is_3.14