Stay ahead of learning milestones! Enroll in a class over the summer!

G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 13 - Aug 26
Thursday, May 29 - Sep 11
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Wednesday, May 7 - Aug 20
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Monday, Apr 7 - Jul 28
Sunday, May 11 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, May 14 - Aug 27
Friday, May 30 - Sep 26
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Thursday, May 15 - Jul 31
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 9 - Sep 24
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19

Introduction to Number Theory
Thursday, Apr 17 - Jul 3
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 30
Tuesday, May 6 - Aug 19
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14

Introduction to Geometry
Wednesday, Apr 23 - Oct 1
Sunday, May 11 - Nov 9
Tuesday, May 20 - Oct 28
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Monday, Apr 21 - Oct 13
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Wednesday, May 21 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2

Intermediate Number Theory
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3

Precalculus
Wednesday, Apr 9 - Sep 3
Friday, May 16 - Oct 24
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Tuesday, May 27 - Nov 11
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Friday, May 23 - Aug 15
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, May 11 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Sunday, May 11 - Jun 8
Tuesday, May 27 - Jun 17
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21

AMC 12 Problem Series
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22

AMC 12 Final Fives
Sunday, May 18 - Jun 15

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!


MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Thursday, May 22 - Aug 7
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Tuesday, May 13 - Jul 29
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15

Physics 1: Mechanics
Thursday, May 22 - Oct 30
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15

Relativity
Sat & Sun, Apr 26 - Apr 27 (4:00 - 7:00 pm ET/1:00 - 4:00pm PT)
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
inequality ( 4 var
SunnyEvan   8
N 2 minutes ago by arqady
Let $ a,b,c,d \in R $ , such that $ a+b+c+d=4 . $ Prove that :
$$ a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4+3 \geq \frac{7}{4}(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3) $$$$ a^4+b^4+c^4+d^4+ \frac{252}{25} \geq \frac{88}{25}(a^3+b^3+c^3+d^3) $$equality cases : ?
8 replies
SunnyEvan
Apr 4, 2025
arqady
2 minutes ago
equal angles, starting with an equailateral triangle
parmenides51   7
N 10 minutes ago by Tsikaloudakis
Source: Irmo 2018 p2 q8
Let $M$ be the midpoint of side $BC$ of an equilateral triangle $ABC$. The point $D$ is on $CA$ extended such that $A$ is between $D$ and $C$. The point $E$ is on $AB$ extended such that $B$ is between $A$ and $E$, and $|MD| = |ME|$. The point $F$ is the intersection of $MD$ and $AB$. Prove that $\angle BFM = \angle BME$.
7 replies
parmenides51
Sep 16, 2018
Tsikaloudakis
10 minutes ago
standard eq
frac   2
N 12 minutes ago by Pirkuliyev Rovsen
Source: 2023 Bulgarian Autumm Math Competition
Problem 10.1: Solve the equation:$$(x+1)\sqrt{x^2+2x+2} + x\sqrt{x^2+1}=0$$
2 replies
frac
Today at 6:03 AM
Pirkuliyev Rovsen
12 minutes ago
Balkan MO 2017,Q1
sqing   43
N 34 minutes ago by Burak0609
Find all ordered pairs of positive integers$ (x, y)$ such that:$$x^3+y^3=x^2+42xy+y^2.$$
43 replies
sqing
May 4, 2017
Burak0609
34 minutes ago
Number Theory Chain!
JetFire008   14
N an hour ago by ariopro1387
I will post a question and someone has to answer it. Then they have to post a question and someone else will answer it and so on. We can only post questions related to Number Theory and each problem should be more difficult than the previous. Let's start!

Question 1
14 replies
JetFire008
Today at 7:14 AM
ariopro1387
an hour ago
Maximal number of solutions
XbenX   8
N an hour ago by wassupevery1
Source: Saint Petersburg MO 2020 Grade 9 Problem 1
What is the maximal number of solutions can the equation have $$\max  \{a_1x+b_1, a_2x+b_2, \ldots, a_{10}x+b_{10}\}=0$$where $a_1,b_1, a_2, b_2, \ldots , a_{10},b_{10}$ are real numbers, all $a_i$ not equal to $0$.
8 replies
XbenX
May 7, 2020
wassupevery1
an hour ago
Random modulos
m4thbl3nd3r   4
N 2 hours ago by vi144
Find all pair of integers $(x,y)$ s.t $x^2+3=y^7$
4 replies
m4thbl3nd3r
Today at 6:26 AM
vi144
2 hours ago
functional equation
hanzo.ei   1
N 2 hours ago by hanzo.ei
Consider two functions \( f, g : \mathbb{N}^* \to \mathbb{N}^* \) satisfying the condition
\[
2f(n)^2 = n^2 + g(n)^2 \quad \text{for all } n \in \mathbb{N}^*.
\]Prove that if \( |f(n) - n| \leq 2024\sqrt{n} \) for all \( n \in \mathbb{N}^* \), then \( f \) has infinitely many fixed points.
1 reply
hanzo.ei
Yesterday at 3:59 PM
hanzo.ei
2 hours ago
Lines pass through a common point
April   4
N 2 hours ago by Nari_Tom
Source: Baltic Way 2008, Problem 18
Let $ AB$ be a diameter of a circle $ S$, and let $ L$ be the tangent at $ A$. Furthermore, let $ c$ be a fixed, positive real, and consider all pairs of points $ X$ and $ Y$ lying on $ L$, on opposite sides of $ A$, such that $ |AX|\cdot |AY| = c$. The lines $ BX$ and $ BY$ intersect $ S$ at points $ P$ and $ Q$, respectively. Show that all the lines $ PQ$ pass through a common point.
4 replies
April
Nov 23, 2008
Nari_Tom
2 hours ago
Problem 5
blug   2
N 3 hours ago by Avron
Source: Polish Math Olympiad 2025 Finals P5
Convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ is described on a circle $\omega$, and is not a trapezius inscribed in a circle. Let the tangency points of $\omega$ and $AB, BC, CD, DA$ be $K, L, M, N$ respectively. A circle with a center $I_K$, different from $\omega$ is tangent to the segement $AB$ and lines $AD, BC$. A circle with center $I_L$, different from $\omega$ is tangent to segment $BC$ and lines $AB, CD$. A circle with center $I_M$, different from $\omega$ is tangent to segment $CD$ and lines $AD, BC$. A circle with center $I_N$, different from $\omega$ is tangent to segment $AD$ and lines $AB, CD$. Prove that the lines $I_KK, I_LL, I_MM, I_NN$ are concurrent.
2 replies
blug
Apr 4, 2025
Avron
3 hours ago
Problem 1
blug   8
N 3 hours ago by Avron
Source: Polish Math Olympiad 2025 Finals P1
Find all $(a, b, c, d)\in \mathbb{R}$ satisfying
\[\begin{aligned}
\begin{cases}
    a+b+c+d=0,\\
    a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2=12,\\
    abcd=-3.\\
\end{cases}
\end{aligned}\]
8 replies
blug
Apr 4, 2025
Avron
3 hours ago
Shortlist 2017/G4
fastlikearabbit   119
N 3 hours ago by cursed_tangent1434
Source: Shortlist 2017, Romanian TST 2018
In triangle $ABC$, let $\omega$ be the excircle opposite to $A$. Let $D, E$ and $F$ be the points where $\omega$ is tangent to $BC, CA$, and $AB$, respectively. The circle $AEF$ intersects line $BC$ at $P$ and $Q$. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AD$. Prove that the circle $MPQ$ is tangent to $\omega$.
119 replies
fastlikearabbit
Jul 10, 2018
cursed_tangent1434
3 hours ago
Inequality in a cyclic quadrilateral
April   4
N 3 hours ago by Nari_Tom
Source: Baltic Way 2008, Problem 17
Assume that $ a$, $ b$, $ c$ and $ d$ are the sides of a quadrilateral inscribed in a given circle. Prove that the product $ (ab + cd)(ac + bd)(ad + bc)$ acquires its maximum when the quadrilateral is a square.
4 replies
April
Nov 23, 2008
Nari_Tom
3 hours ago
Normal but good inequality
giangtruong13   3
N 3 hours ago by Sadigly
Source: From a province
Let $a,b,c> 0$ satisfy that $a+b+c=3abc$. Prove that: $$\sum_{cyc} \frac{ab}{3c+ab+abc} \geq \frac{3}{5} $$
3 replies
giangtruong13
Mar 31, 2025
Sadigly
3 hours ago
IGO 2022 advanced/free P1
Tafi_ak   11
N Apr 2, 2025 by jordiejoh
Source: Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2022 P1 Advanced, Free
Four points $A$, $B$, $C$ and $D$ lie on a circle $\omega$ such that $AB=BC=CD$. The tangent line to $\omega$ at point $C$ intersects the tangent line to $\omega$ at $A$ and the line $AD$ at $K$ and $L$. The circle $\omega$ and the circumcircle of triangle $KLA$ intersect again at $M$. Prove that $MA=ML$.

Proposed by Mahdi Etesamifard
11 replies
Tafi_ak
Dec 13, 2022
jordiejoh
Apr 2, 2025
IGO 2022 advanced/free P1
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Iranian Geometry Olympiad 2022 P1 Advanced, Free
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Tafi_ak
309 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr, ItsBesi
Four points $A$, $B$, $C$ and $D$ lie on a circle $\omega$ such that $AB=BC=CD$. The tangent line to $\omega$ at point $C$ intersects the tangent line to $\omega$ at $A$ and the line $AD$ at $K$ and $L$. The circle $\omega$ and the circumcircle of triangle $KLA$ intersect again at $M$. Prove that $MA=ML$.

Proposed by Mahdi Etesamifard
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Tafi_ak, Dec 23, 2022, 9:52 AM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
MrOreoJuice
594 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by UI_MathZ_25
redefine M to be center of (MAL) and gg after some chase
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Tafi_ak
309 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr
From the tangency and length condition we have \[ \angle KAB=\angle BAC=\angle CAD=\angle BCK=\angle BDC=\angle BDA=\angle BMA=\angle BCA=\angle DCL=\angle DLC  \]That gives $\angle AMK=\angle ALK=\angle AMB$, means $K, B, M$ are collinear. Also notice that $AKCB$ is a kite because of $KA=KC$, $BA=BC$, $\angle KAB=\angle KCB$. So $KM$ bisects $\angle AKL$.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
guptaamitu1
656 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr
Define $N$ as the antipode of $B$ wrt $\omega$. We will show:
  • $N \ne A$.
  • $N \in \odot(AKL)$
  • $NA = NL$.
This will show $M \equiv N$ and $MA = ML$. Its clear $N \ne A$, otherwise $C \equiv A$, contradiction. Now $AB = CD$ gives $BC \parallel AD$. As $BC \perp CN$, thus
$$ CN \perp AD $$Now note points $K,B,N$ are collinear on the perpendicular bisector of segment $AC$. This also means
$$ KN \text{ bisects } \angle AKC \qquad \qquad (1) $$[asy]
size(200);
pair O=(0,0),B=dir(117),C=2*foot(B,O,dir(90))-B,A=2*foot(C,O,B)-C,D=2*foot(B,O,C)-B,K=2*A*C/(A+C),L=2*foot(C,A,D)-A,N=-B;
fill(B--A--C--cycle,green+white+white);
fill(C--D--L--cycle,green+white+white);
draw(unitcircle,royalblue);
draw(circumcircle(K,A,L),purple);
draw(A--K--L,brown);
draw(B--C^^A--L,orange);
draw(N--C,red);
draw(N--K);
draw(A--N--L,cyan);
draw(B--A--C--D,magenta);
dot("$A$",A,dir(A));
dot("$B$",B,dir(160));
dot("$C$",C,dir(C));
dot("$D$",D,dir(-40));
dot("$K$",K,dir(K));
dot("$L$",L,dir(L));
dot("$N$",N,dir(N));
markscalefactor=0.015;
draw(anglemark(A,K,B));
markscalefactor=0.018;
draw(anglemark(N,K,C));
[/asy]
Now in $\triangle CBA$ and $\triangle CDL$ we have:
$$ CB = CD ~,~ \angle CBA = \angle CDL ~,~ \angle DCL = \angle BCA $$It follows
$$ \triangle CBA \cong \triangle CDL $$Thus $CA = CL$. As $CN \perp AL$, so it follows $CN$ is perpendicular bisector of segment $AL$. Hence,
$$ NA = NL $$Look at $\triangle AKL$ now. Note
$$ KL > KC = KA $$particularly $KA \ne KL$. Now $N$ is the intersection of perpendicular of $AL$ and internal angle bisector of $\angle AKL$. As $KA \ne KL$, it follows $N$ is the midpoint of arc $\widehat{AL}$ of $\odot(AKL)$ not containing $L$.
This completes the proof. $\blacksquare$
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
UI_MathZ_25
116 posts
#8
Y by
As $AB = BC = CD$ we have that $ABCD$ is a isosceles trapezium. We denote $\angle ACB = \angle BAC = \angle CAD = \alpha$. Also
$\angle CDL = 180^{\circ} - \angle CDB - \angle BDA = 180^{\circ} - \angle BAC - \angle ACB = 180 - 2\alpha.$
As $\angle LCD = \angle CAD = \alpha \Rightarrow \angle CLD = \alpha$.
Now, $\angle KAB = \angle BDA = \alpha$ and $\angle KCB = \angle CDB = \alpha$ and as $\triangle ABC$ is isosceles we have that $KB$ is perpendicular bisector of $AC$.
By the cyclic $KLMA$
$\angle KMA = \angle KLA = \alpha$, but $\angle BMA = \angle BDA = \alpha = \angle KMA$, then $K$, $B$ and $M$ are collinear. Finally,
$\angle MAL = \angle MKL = \angle BKC = \angle BKA = \angle MKA = \angle MLA $ thus $MA = ML$, as desired $\blacksquare$
Attachments:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
jrpartty
40 posts
#9
Y by
By angles chasing we have $\angle KAB=\angle KCB=\angle KLA$.

Invert the point $L$ via the circle $\mathcal{C}\left(K,KA\right)$ to be $L'$.

Note that $\angle KAL'=\angle KLA=\angle KAB$, so we have $A,B,L'$ are collinear.

Then we invert this line to be the circumcircle of $\triangle KLA$ which meets $\omega$ again at $B'$, the image of $B$ over the inversion.

This implies $M=B'$ and hence $M,B,K$ are collinear. Hence $KM$ bisects $\angle AKL$, so we are done.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by jrpartty, Dec 14, 2022, 10:22 AM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Math-48
44 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by samrocksnature, Muaaz.SY
just bash it :yup:
set $\omega$ as the unit circle and let $a=1,b=x$ so $c=x^2 ,d=x^3$ and let $M'$ be the antipode of $B \implies m'=-b=-x$
$k=\frac{2ac}{a+c}=\frac{2x^2}{x^2+1} ,l=\frac{cc(a+d)-ad(c+c)}{cc-ad}=\frac{x^7+x^4-2x^5}{x^4-x^3}=x^3+x^2-x$
now let's prove that $M'AKL$ is cyclic :
$$\Delta=\frac{k-a}{k-m'}/\frac{l-a}{l-m'}=\frac{(x^2-1)(x^2+x)}{(x^2+2x+1)(x^3+x^2-x-1)}=\frac{x}{(x+1)^2}=\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{(\frac{1}{x}+1)^2}=\overline{\Delta} \implies M'=M$$$\implies ML=|x^3+x^2-x+x|=|x^3+x^2|=|x^2|.|x+1|=|x+1|=MA$
$ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $  $ $ $ $ $ $  $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $  $ $ $ $ $ $  $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $  $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $$   \blacksquare$
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Math-48, Dec 22, 2022, 5:36 PM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
trinhquockhanh
522 posts
#11 • 1 Y
Y by olympiad.geometer
https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5Vqv05Z6wxhr_hNbgNWBBalVWNOcIo7SqZ5MzXNEXZ4QUZPaeuCOlCGjtCpOQex54zrM7OQ5-E73gnOCr6wvyqz5eJX1c286U0PeRaBadnj2U1RHTOII0FJS3tDQZEBnaGlZPWRNdzU2cAJdJF3EB5AvPcxY_LXkCsDDALvGCPNqFO8UcIzmRu21H/s1033/p1.png
https://i.ibb.co/SVnzw4g/IGO2022-P1.png
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Ianis
400 posts
#13
Y by
Use complex numbers with $\omega =\mathbb{S}^1$. Set $A=1$ and $B=b$, then $C=b^2$ and $D=b^3$. Define $M'=-b$. We have $K=\frac{2AC}{A+C}=\frac{2b^2}{b^2+1}$ and\begin{align*}L & =\frac{2ACD-(A+D)C^2}{AD-C^2} \\
& =\frac{2b^5-(b^3+1)b^4}{b^3-b^4} \\
& =b(b^2+b-1).
\end{align*}Hence\begin{align*}\frac{K-A}{L-A}\frac{L-M'}{K-M'} & =\frac{\frac{2b^2}{b^2+1}-1}{b(b^2+b-1)-1}\frac{b(b^2+b-1)-(-b)}{\frac{2b^2}{b^2+1}-(-b)} \\
& =\frac{b}{(b+1)^2}\in \mathbb{R}.
\end{align*}Therefore $M'=M$. Now clearly $K,B,O,M$ are collinear, so $KM$ is the angle bisector of $\angle AKC$, which gives $MA=ML$, as wanted.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
dkshield
64 posts
#15
Y by
Let: $O:\text{center of} \omega$, so $O\in AD$
Let: $C':\text{ antipode of } C$

$\angle KAL=\angle KML=90^{\circ}$
Now $\angle CLM = \alpha=180^{\circ}-\angle KAM=\angle MCA$
But $\angle BCA=\angle KCB=\beta, \text{ but } \angle CMD=\beta\Rightarrow\angle DML=\beta$, so $\triangle CDL\sim \triangle CBA$ so $KB\perp ML$
But $\angle LKB=\angle AKB=\beta \text{ and } KAML \text{ is cyclic}$
So $M\in \text{ bisector of } LA$, therefore $MA=ML$, As desired :P
$ \hspace{20cm} \blacksquare$
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Mapism
18 posts
#16
Y by
Let $\angle BAC=\alpha$. By tangency conditions $\angle BAC=\angle KAB=\angle BCA=\angle KCB=\alpha$ thus $B$ is the incenter of $KAC$. Define $M$ to be the $K$-excenter of $KAM$. Clearly $M\in \omega$, also since $KB$ is the angle bisector of $\angle AKC, M\in KB$. Now
$$\alpha=\angle AMB=\frac{\angle CDA}{2},\ \angle KBC=\angle LCD=\alpha \implies \angle KLA=\alpha \implies M\in (KAL)$$So it suffices to show $MA=ML$. Notice
$$\angle CAL=\angle CLA=\angle ALM=\alpha \implies AC\parallel ML$$$$BAC\cong DML \implies AC=ML$$thus $ACLM$ is a parallelogram $\implies MA=CL=ML$ and we're done.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
jordiejoh
4 posts
#17
Y by
Claim 1: $K, B$ and $M$ are collinear.
$KL$ is tangent to $\omega$, so $\angle DCL=\angle DBC$ but $BC=CD$ then $\angle DCL=\angle CDB \iff CL\parallel BD \iff KL\parallel BD \iff \angle KLD=\angle KLA=\angle BDA.$ We have $\angle BMA=\angle BDA$ by $ABDM$ cyclic and $\angle KLA=\angle KMA$ by $AKLM$ cyclic. Then we obtain $\angle KMA=\angle BMA$ that means $K, B$ and $M$ are collinear.

Claim 2: $KM$ bisects $\angle AKL$
Notice that $KA=KC$ because $AK$ and $KC$ are tangents to $\omega$. Also notice that $\angle KCB=\angle CDB=\angle CAB=\angle BCA$ because $ABCD$ cyclic and $AB=BC$. Then $BC$ bisects $\angle KCA$, analogous $AB$ bisects $\angle CAK$, so $KB$ bisects $\angle AKC=\angle AKL$, by Claim 1 we obtain that $KM$ bisects $\angle AKL$.

By Claim 1 and Claim 2, we deduce that $M$ is the mid point of arc $\overarc{AL}$ that not contains $K$, so $MA=ML$ and we´re done.
Attachments:
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by jordiejoh, Apr 2, 2025, 4:50 AM
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a