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Isogonal Conjugates of Nagel and Gergonne Point
SerdarBozdag   4
N an hour ago by zuat.e
Source: http://math.fau.edu/yiu/Oldwebsites/Geometry2013Fall/Geometry2013Chapter12.pdf
Proposition 12.1.
(a) The isogonal conjugate of the Gergonne point is the insimilicenter of
the circumcircle and the incircle.
(b) The isogonal conjugate of the Nagel point is the exsimilicenter of the circumcircle and
the incircle.
Note: I need synthetic solution.
4 replies
SerdarBozdag
Apr 17, 2021
zuat.e
an hour ago
USAMO 2003 Problem 4
MithsApprentice   72
N an hour ago by endless_abyss
Let $ABC$ be a triangle. A circle passing through $A$ and $B$ intersects segments $AC$ and $BC$ at $D$ and $E$, respectively. Lines $AB$ and $DE$ intersect at $F$, while lines $BD$ and $CF$ intersect at $M$. Prove that $MF = MC$ if and only if $MB\cdot MD = MC^2$.
72 replies
MithsApprentice
Sep 27, 2005
endless_abyss
an hour ago
Easy but unusual junior ineq
Maths_VC   1
N an hour ago by blug
Source: Serbia JBMO TST 2025, Problem 2
Real numbers $x, y$ $\ge$ $0$ satisfy $1$ $\le$ $x^2 + y^2$ $\le$ $5$. Determine the minimal and the maximal value of the expression $2x + y$
1 reply
Maths_VC
2 hours ago
blug
an hour ago
Bosnia and Herzegovina JBMO TST 2009 Problem 1
gobathegreat   1
N an hour ago by FishkoBiH
Source: Bosnia and Herzegovina Junior Balkan Mathematical Olympiad TST 2009
Lengths of sides of triangle $ABC$ are positive integers, and smallest side is equal to $2$. Determine the area of triangle $P$ if $v_c = v_a + v_b$, where $v_a$, $v_b$ and $v_c$ are lengths of altitudes in triangle $ABC$ from vertices $A$, $B$ and $C$, respectively.
1 reply
gobathegreat
Sep 17, 2018
FishkoBiH
an hour ago
USAMO 2001 Problem 2
MithsApprentice   53
N 2 hours ago by lksb
Let $ABC$ be a triangle and let $\omega$ be its incircle. Denote by $D_1$ and $E_1$ the points where $\omega$ is tangent to sides $BC$ and $AC$, respectively. Denote by $D_2$ and $E_2$ the points on sides $BC$ and $AC$, respectively, such that $CD_2=BD_1$ and $CE_2=AE_1$, and denote by $P$ the point of intersection of segments $AD_2$ and $BE_2$. Circle $\omega$ intersects segment $AD_2$ at two points, the closer of which to the vertex $A$ is denoted by $Q$. Prove that $AQ=D_2P$.
53 replies
MithsApprentice
Sep 30, 2005
lksb
2 hours ago
A=b
k2c901_1   89
N 2 hours ago by reni_wee
Source: Taiwan 1st TST 2006, 1st day, problem 3
Let $a$, $b$ be positive integers such that $b^n+n$ is a multiple of $a^n+n$ for all positive integers $n$. Prove that $a=b$.

Proposed by Mohsen Jamali, Iran
89 replies
k2c901_1
Mar 29, 2006
reni_wee
2 hours ago
Strange angle condition and concyclic points
lminsl   129
N 2 hours ago by Aiden-1089
Source: IMO 2019 Problem 2
In triangle $ABC$, point $A_1$ lies on side $BC$ and point $B_1$ lies on side $AC$. Let $P$ and $Q$ be points on segments $AA_1$ and $BB_1$, respectively, such that $PQ$ is parallel to $AB$. Let $P_1$ be a point on line $PB_1$, such that $B_1$ lies strictly between $P$ and $P_1$, and $\angle PP_1C=\angle BAC$. Similarly, let $Q_1$ be the point on line $QA_1$, such that $A_1$ lies strictly between $Q$ and $Q_1$, and $\angle CQ_1Q=\angle CBA$.

Prove that points $P,Q,P_1$, and $Q_1$ are concyclic.

Proposed by Anton Trygub, Ukraine
129 replies
lminsl
Jul 16, 2019
Aiden-1089
2 hours ago
Simple inequality
sqing   12
N 2 hours ago by Rayvhs
Source: MEMO 2018 T1
Let $a,b$ and $c$ be positive real numbers satisfying $abc=1.$ Prove that$$\frac{a^2-b^2}{a+bc}+\frac{b^2-c^2}{b+ca}+\frac{c^2-a^2}{c+ab}\leq a+b+c-3.$$
12 replies
sqing
Sep 2, 2018
Rayvhs
2 hours ago
Random concyclicity in a square config
Maths_VC   2
N 2 hours ago by Maths_VC
Source: Serbia JBMO TST 2025, Problem 1
Let $M$ be a random point on the smaller arc $AB$ of the circumcircle of square $ABCD$, and let $N$ be the intersection point of segments $AC$ and $DM$. The feet of the tangents from point $D$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $OMN$ are $P$ and $Q$ , where $O$ is the center of the square. Prove that points $A$, $C$, $P$ and $Q$ lie on a single circle.
2 replies
Maths_VC
3 hours ago
Maths_VC
2 hours ago
Serbian selection contest for the IMO 2025 - P3
OgnjenTesic   3
N 2 hours ago by atdaotlohbh
Source: Serbian selection contest for the IMO 2025
Find all functions $f : \mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$ such that:
- $f$ is strictly increasing,
- there exists $M \in \mathbb{N}$ such that $f(x+1) - f(x) < M$ for all $x \in \mathbb{N}$,
- for every $x \in \mathbb{Z}$, there exists $y \in \mathbb{Z}$ such that
\[
            f(y) = \frac{f(x) + f(x + 2024)}{2}.
        \]Proposed by Pavle Martinović
3 replies
OgnjenTesic
May 22, 2025
atdaotlohbh
2 hours ago
Easy P4 combi game with nt flavour
Maths_VC   0
2 hours ago
Source: Serbia JBMO TST 2025, Problem 4
Two players, Alice and Bob, play the following game, taking turns. In the beginning, the number $1$ is written on the board. A move consists of adding either $1$, $2$ or $3$ to the number written on the board, but only if the chosen number is coprime with the current number (for example, if the current number is $10$, then in a move a player can't choose the number $2$, but he can choose either $1$ or $3$). The player who first writes a perfect square on the board loses. Prove that one of the players has a winning strategy and determine who wins in the game.
0 replies
Maths_VC
2 hours ago
0 replies
Easy Geometry
ayan.nmath   41
N Apr 30, 2025 by L13832
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
41 replies
ayan.nmath
Jul 17, 2019
L13832
Apr 30, 2025
Easy Geometry
G H J
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
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ayan.nmath
643 posts
#1 • 8 Y
Y by donotoven, HWenslawski, Miku_, TFIRSTMGMEDALIST, maolus, tiendung2006, Adventure10, Rounak_iitr
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by ayan.nmath, Jul 17, 2019, 1:03 PM
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Pluto1708
1107 posts
#2 • 5 Y
Y by nguyendangkhoa17112003, GeoMetrix, HWenslawski, Mathlover_1, Adventure10
Beautiful Problem!
Solution
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Pluto1708, Jul 17, 2019, 2:57 PM
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Bashy99
698 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
My solution.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Bashy99, Jul 17, 2019, 9:20 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10, Mango247
Well-known problem embedded WRT $\Delta AH_BH_C$
India Practice TST 2019 #2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
Solution: Let $H_B,H_C$ be foot from $B,C$. Note, $\odot (AEHF)$ $\equiv$ $\odot (AH_BH_C)$ $\implies$ $AF$ is exterior bisector WRT $\angle BAC$, $E$ is midpoint of arc $H_BHH_C$ and $D$ is intersection of tangents at $H_B,H_C$ $\implies$ $D,E,F$ collinear
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Jul 21, 2019, 1:34 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Kill a Fly with Bazooka
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Oct 27, 2019, 6:09 PM
Reason: Wrong Grammar...Blame My English Teacher
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L-.Lawliet
19 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10
Do an inversion around $A$ with radius $\sqrt{AH.AX}$ where $X$ is the foot of perpendicular of the $A$ on $BC$. Then $$E \mapsto AE \cap BC, F \mapsto AF \cap BC$$and $D \mapsto (AD) \cap \odot(BHC)$ which is the $A-$HM point in $\triangle ABC$. But they lie on the A-apollonious circle. So done.
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Steve12345
620 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Why so complicated? This is from Bosnia and Herzegovina: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1709471p11016808
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amar_04
1916 posts
#8 • 5 Y
Y by GeoMetrix, Purple_Planet, Pakistan, Miku_, Adventure10
Too Easy for a TST Problem but nice...
Indian TST Practise Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Solution:- Let $M$ be the intersection of the diagonals $AH$ and $FE$. Let $X,Y,Z$ be the feet of altitudes from $A,B,C$ respectively and let $FE\cap ZY=K$.
Notice that $FE\perp ZY$ as $\angle KEZ+\angle KZE=\angle FAZ+\angle ZAE=90^\circ\implies FE\perp ZY$.

Now by Radical Axis on $\odot(AZHY)$ and $\odot(BZYC)$ we get that $MD\perp ZY$. This forces $D-E-F$. $\blacksquare$.
This post has been edited 7 times. Last edited by amar_04, Nov 1, 2019, 9:15 PM
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lilavati_2005
357 posts
#10 • 3 Y
Y by RudraRockstar, Lcz, Miku_
Easy and nice.
Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Let the feet of the altitudes from $A,B,C$ to sides $BC,CA,AB$ be $P,Q,R$ respectively.
  • $\angle AFH = \angle AQH = 90 \Longrightarrow A,F,P,E,Q$ are concyclic with diameter $EF = AH$.
  • By Fact 5, $EP = EQ \Longrightarrow FP = FQ$ which implies that $EP \perp PQ$.
  • Thus, $EE\parallel PQ \parallel FF \Longrightarrow FPEQ$ is harmonic.
  • Hence, $E,F,D$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by lilavati_2005, Apr 5, 2020, 2:43 AM
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gabrupro
249 posts
#11
Y by
$        $
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by gabrupro, Jun 12, 2022, 5:12 PM
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Maths_1729
390 posts
#12
Y by
ayan.nmath wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
As the title suggests its really easy.. Anyways i will post my solution then also.
Let $H_A, H_B, H_C$ be the Base of altitude from $A, B, C$ Respectively. Now Just observe $AH_BH_CE$ is cyclic With Circumcenter $X$ Then as $\angle HEA=90^\circ$ So $X\in AH$ And also as $E\in$ Angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ So $H_BE=H_CE$
Now just observe if $D$ is the midpoint of $BC$ then $H_BD=H_CD=\frac{BC}{2}$ and also

$\angle XH_BD=\angle XH_CD=90^\circ$ Hence $H_BD, H_CD$ are tangents from $D$ and as $H_BE=H_CE$ So clearly $X, E, D$ Are collinear. And as $F\in XE$ So $F, E, D$ Are collinear $\blacksquare$

Also Here's More harder Version of the question.. Why in the question $O$ is Defined??
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Maths_1729, Mar 29, 2021, 4:43 PM
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sotpidot
290 posts
#13
Y by
sol
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peterdawson
25 posts
#14
Y by
This is India TST Problem? Shame. It is great configuration though.

Let X and Y be the foot of perpendicular from B to AC and C to AB respectively. We see that due to Three Tangents Lemma, DX and DY are tangent to circle with diameter AH and so D lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY and E and F also lie on this circle due to the given conditions, now we see that AE is internal angle bisector of \angle XAY so E lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY since E lies on circle with diameter AH and since \angle FAE = 90^\circ, we see that F lies on external angle bisector of \angle XAY and so F lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY as F lies on circle with diameter AH, so points D, E, F lie on the perpendicular bisector of segment XY as desired

PS : By today I will be allowed to LaTeX this post so for now posting a non-LaTeXed solution
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RamtinVaziri
28 posts
#15 • 2 Y
Y by sotpidot, Miku_
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by RamtinVaziri, Mar 30, 2021, 12:46 PM
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L567
1184 posts
#16
Y by
Wait why are the previous solns so complex?

Let $N$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and let $X,Y$ be the altitudes to $AC,AB$

$N$ is the center of $(AXHY)$ and also its well known that $DX,DY$ are tangent to this circle. So, $DN$ intersects the circle at the midpoints of the minor and major arcs $XY$. But since in $\triangle AXY$, $AE$ is angle bisector, it passes through the midpoint of the minor arc and we easily see that $F$ is the midpoint of major arc and so we're done
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guptaamitu1
657 posts
#17
Y by
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Can someone please tell how to prove this generalization.
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ike.chen
1162 posts
#18
Y by
Old Terrible Solution

Since $AEHF$ is a rectangle, we know $EF$ meets $AH$ at its midpoint $M$. It's well-known that $DM \parallel AO$. Because $E, M, F$ are collinear, it suffices to show $E \in DM$.

Clearly, $M$ is the circumcenter of $(AEHF)$, and $AH$ and $AO$ are isogonal wrt $\angle BAC$. Hence, we have $$\angle OAE = \angle HAE = \angle MAE = \angle MEA$$implying $EM \parallel AO$, which suffices. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by ike.chen, Oct 29, 2021, 8:47 PM
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MrOreoJuice
594 posts
#19
Y by
Wew
Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and $H_B,H_C$ be the feet of perpendicular from $B,C$ onto the opposite sides respectively.
  • $A,F,H_C,H,E,H_B$ lies on the circle with diameter $AH$.
  • Note that $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $H_BH_C$ so $F,M,E$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $H_BH_C$.
  • $DM$ is also perpendicular to $H_BH_C$ which is the radical axis of $\{(AH_BH_C) , (BH_CH_BC)\}$.
Combining all of them we get $F-M-E-D$ are collinear.
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Ru83n05
171 posts
#21 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Invert at $A$ sending $H$ to $AH\cap BC$. Since the $A$-Humpty point lies on the $A$--apolonius circle we're done.
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BVKRB-
322 posts
#22
Y by
Storage
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554183
484 posts
#23
Y by
Let $I$ be the midpoint of AH. Diagram attached for reference
Introduce the nine point circle. Notice that $\overline{F-I-E}$ by a basic property of rectangles. So this is equivalent to proving $\overline{I-E-D}$.
Unfortunately this dies to simple angle chasing, if I’m not high.
We shall prove that $\angle{EIH}=\angle{DIH}$.$\angle{EIH}=2\angle{IAE}$ because $I$ is the midpoint of the hypotenuse. Therefore $\angle{EIH}=A+2B-180=B-C$. Now to calculate $\angle{DIG}=\angle{DLG}=\angle{DLB}-\angle{GLB}=B-C$ since $D$ is the midpoint of he hypotenuse of another right angled triangle.
Attachments:
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Fakesolver19
106 posts
#24
Y by
Cute but easy problem :maybe:
Let $AH \cap FE=K$ and as diagonals bisect each other $\Rightarrow K$ is the mid-point of $AH$
Let $X,Y$ be the foot of altitudes on $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
Then $X,Y \in \odot(AEHF)$ with $K$ as the circumcentre.
Constructing a nine point circle of $\triangle ABC$,we see that $XY$ is the radical axis of $\odot(AEHF)$ and $\odot(DXY)$
It's also well know that $DX$ and $DY$ are tangents of $\odot(AEHF)$ at $X$ and $Y$.
This is enough to imply $D$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $XY$ and so does $E$ because $AE$ is the angle bisector of $\triangle AXY$.
Also $K$ lies on the perpendicular bisector and hence $K-E-D$ is collinear implying $F-E-D$ collinear.
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sanyalarnab
947 posts
#25
Y by
Let the foot of altitude from $B$ and $C$ be $H_B$ AND $H_C$.
By Three Tangent lemma, $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangent to $(AH_CHH_B)$. So $DH_B=DH_C$
Also $AE$ bisects $\angle BAC$. Hence by Incenter Excenter lemma, $E$ is the Mid-point of the minor arc $H_BH_C$. So $H_BE=H_CE$. As $\angle FH_BE=\angle FH_CE=90^o$, by congruent triangles, $FH_B=FH_C$. Hence $(FH_CEH_B)$ is harmonic and the result immediately follows. $\blacksquare$
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Bubu-Droid
10 posts
#26 • 1 Y
Y by REYNA_MAIN
Storaij
Attachments:
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Reason: sepling wrong
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gambi
82 posts
#27
Y by
Storage
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TFIRSTMGMEDALIST
162 posts
#28
Y by
gambi wrote:
Storage

beautiful
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Jalil_Huseynov
439 posts
#29 • 2 Y
Y by farhad.fritl, Mango247
It's almost $1$ linear with projective, why anyone didn't try to this?
Let $\omega$ and $\Gamma$ be be circumcircles of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle AHE$, respectively. Let $AE\cap \omega=T, TD\cap \omega= T', BH\cap AC=B', CH\cap AB=C'$. Since $\angle FAE=\angle T'AE=90$, $F-A-T'$ are collinear. Since $BTCT'$ is kite, $(B,C;T,T')=-1$ and projecting this to $\Gamma$ with pencil $A$, we get $(F,E;B',C')=-1$. Since $DB'$ and $DC'$ are tangents to $\omega$, we get $E-F-D$ are collinear.
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jayme
9801 posts
#30 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Dear Mathlinkers,
this nice problem comes from Droz-Farny...

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=481340

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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Pyramix
419 posts
#31
Y by
Let $M$ be the mid-point of $\overline{AH}$. Since $\angle AE\perp HE$, $\overline{AH}$ is the diameter of $(AEHF)$. So, $M$ is the center of $(AEHF)$. So, $E,M,F$ are collinear.
Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of perpendiculars of $B$ and $C$ onto their opposite sides, respectively. Then, we $A,B_1,H,C_1$ are concyclic, so $B_1,C_1\in(AEHF)$. Let $t$ be the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{B_1C_1}$. Then, $M,D\in t$.
Moreover, $\angle EAC=\angle BAE=\angle EAB_1{\stackrel{B_1\in(AEC_1)}{=}}\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1AE{\stackrel{C_1\in(AEB_1)}{=}}\angle C_1B_1E$. So, $\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1B_1E$, giving $\triangle B_1EC_1$ is isosceles triangle. So, $E\in t$. But since $M\in t$ and $M\in\overline{EF}$, it means $F,M,E,D\in t$, as desired. $\square$
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trinhquockhanh
522 posts
#32 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
$\text{It's not that complicated :)}$
https://i.ibb.co/VxphBFk/lmao.png
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by trinhquockhanh, Jul 15, 2023, 11:57 AM
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AN1729
17 posts
#33 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Here's a soln using Nine-Point Circle Configuration!!


Let the midpoint of $AH = X$ , the midpoint of $OH = N =$ nine-point center
Then we know $DX$ is a diameter of Nine point circle. So $D-N-X$ are collinear


$AEHF$ is rectangle $\implies$ $EF$ bisect $AH\implies X \in EF$


By isogonal conjugates, and angle chasing: $AO \parallel EF$
By midpoint theorem: $EF$ bisects $OH \implies N \in EF$


$\implies D \in EF$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by AN1729, Nov 25, 2024, 4:35 PM
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a_n
162 posts
#34 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $XYZ$ be the orthic triangle of $\Delta ABC$

Clearly $E$ and $F$ are on $(AYHZ)$

I know because of EGMO that $DZ$ and $DY$ are tangents to aforementioned circle. (proving is pretty simple if you know your configs, $\astrosun (BZYC) = D$ so you get $\angle YDZ=2\angle YBD= \pi - 2A$ and because $DZ=DY$ we get $\angle DZY = A = \angle ZAY$)

Then $\angle ZAE = \angle YAE$ so $E$ is arc midpoint of $YZ$ and as $F$ is antipode of $E$, it is also an arc midpoint of $YZ$,

hence, $EF$ and the tangents ay $Y$ and $Z$ concur...

really fun problem to do at 4:30 in the morning, life is good : )
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SQTHUSH
154 posts
#35 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $AH \cap \odot(ABC)=S,AE\cap \odot(ABC)=T,R$ is the reflection of $T$ by $BC$
Notice $\angle HRT=\angle STR=180^{\circ}-\angle HST=\angle AHR$
Which means that $H-E-R$
So $\angle TER=90^{\circ},RD=DT$
Hence $DE=DT$
Consider that $RT//AH,FH//ET$
So $\angle FHA=\angle ETD$
Since $\angle FHA=\angle AEF$,and $ED=DT$
Hence $\angle AEF=\angle TED$
Which means that $D-E-F$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by SQTHUSH, Jul 22, 2023, 2:14 AM
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SydoreM
17 posts
#36 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Since NBWC is harmonic, we project it through A onto (AH) and get that EF and the bases of heights form a harmonic. Hence EF bisects BC.
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IAmTheHazard
5003 posts
#37
Y by
where is $O$ used huh

Let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{AH}$. It clearly suffices to show that $M,E,D$ collinear. Let $P,Q$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$ respectively, so $AEHPQ$ is cyclic with center $M$, so $PM=QM$. Since $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $PQ$ in $(AEHPQ)$, we have $PE=QE$. Since $BCPQ$ is cyclic with center $D$, we have $PD=QD$. Hence $M,E,D$ lie on the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{PQ}$. $\blacksquare$
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lifeismathematics
1188 posts
#38 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
Let $X$ be the midpoint of $AH$ , then sps $\angle{HXE}=\theta$ since $FE$ and $AH$ are length of diagonals and $H$ is there midpoint we have $\angle{XEH}=90^{\circ}-\frac{\theta}{2}$ , so $\angle{XEA}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $AFHE$ is a rectangle , so $\angle{XAE}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $XA=AE$, also $\frac{\theta}{2}=\frac{B-C}{2}$ which means $\theta=B-C$.

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Claim:}} \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Pf:}}$ clearly $X$ lies on nine point circle of $\triangle{ABC}$ , so it is well known that $XD|| AO$ , so $\angle{HXD}=\angle{HAO}=B-C \implies \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$ $\square$.

which means $\overline{X-E-D}$ but also since $AFHE$ is a rectangle so $\overline{F-X-E} \implies \overline{F-E-D}$. $\blacksquare$
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DomX
8 posts
#39 • 1 Y
Y by Vahe_Arsenyan
Take the circumference of diameter $AH$. Now by taking $H_B$, $H_C$ as the feet of the altitudes through $B$ and $C$ respectively, we get that $E$ and $F$ are in its perpendicular bisector. As it is well-known that $D$ also is in it (which follows from the fact that $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangents to the said circumference), we're done.
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cursed_tangent1434
647 posts
#40
Y by
This is actually quite a nice complex bash.

We set $(AH)$ be the unit circle. Let $P_B,P_C$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$. Then, we set $a=x^2,p_b=y^2$ and $p_c=z^2$. It follows that $h=-x^2$.

Then, $E$ is clearly the minor arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ which means $e=-yz$. Thus, $f=yz$ ($F$ is the reflection of $E$ over the center as we construct $F$ such that $AFHE$ is a rectangle). Then, $D$ is well known to be the intersection of the tangents to $(AH)$ at $P_B$ and $P_C$.
Thus, $d=\frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}$. Then,
\begin{align*}
\frac{d-e}{f-e} &= \frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Also,
\[\overline{\left(\frac{d-e}{f-e}\right)} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}\]Now, note that since $yz$ (which is known to be the complex number denoting the arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ including $A$), $y^2$ and $z^2$ all lie on the unit circle,
\begin{align*}
\overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)} &= \frac{\frac{1}{yz}}{\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}\\
&= \frac{1}{yz} \cdot \frac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Thus, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}$ which implies that, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} \in \mathbb{R}$ and thus, $D-E-F$ as needed.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by cursed_tangent1434, Dec 14, 2023, 11:00 AM
Reason: errors
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Om245
164 posts
#41 • 2 Y
Y by Deadline, GeoKing
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :

Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Nice :play_ball:

Let $D$ be point of perpendicular bisector of $BC$ and $P$ its isogonal conjugate. Let $\triangle XYZ$ be Pedal triangle of $P$ with $X,Y,Z$ lie on $AC,AB,BC$ respectively.
$$\measuredangle {CBD}=\measuredangle{PBA}=\measuredangle {PZY}= \measuredangle {DCB}=\measuredangle{ACP}=\measuredangle {XZP}$$give us $ZP$ is angle bisector of $\angle XZY$.

As $D$ and $P$ are isogonal conjugate, By well know property circumcircle of pedal triangle of both point is same
hence $M$ lie on $(XYZ)$. Where $M$ is midpoint of $BC$.

Observe that $MX=MY$ (by considering $ZP$ as angle bisector). Hence $M$ lie on perpendicular bisector of $XY$.
Now as $AE$ and $AF$ are angle bisector we have $EF$ is perpendicular bisector of $XY$.hence $E,F,M$.
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g0USinsane777
48 posts
#42
Y by
Let $S$ and $T$ be the feet of perpendiculars from $B$ and $C$ to the sides $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
$(AFTHES)$ is cyclic with diameter $AH$ and $AH$ and $EF$ intersect at the midpoint of $AH$, i.e., the center of the circle, since $AHEF$ is rectangle. Since, $EF$ is a line passing through the center of the cirlce $(ASHT)$ and it is also parallel to $AO$, which is in turn perpendicular to $ST$, line $EF$ is actually the perpendicular bisector of $ST$. It is also well known, that $DS$ and $DT$ are tangents to $(ASHT)$, implying $D$ also lies on the perpendicular bisector of $ST$, yielding the collinearity.
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eibc
600 posts
#43
Y by
Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of the $B$ and $C$ altitudes in $\triangle ABC$. Since $\overline{EF}$ is a diameter of $(AH)$ and $EB_1 = EC_1$, we have $(B_1, C_1; E, F) = -1$. Since the tangents to $(AH)$ at $B_1$ and $C_1$ intersect at $D$ by three tangents lemma, $EF$ must also pass through $D$.
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L13832
268 posts
#44
Y by
cute
solution
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