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one cyclic formed by two cyclic
CrazyInMath   0
4 minutes ago
Source: EGMO 2025/3
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle. Points $B, D, E$, and $C$ lie on a line in this order and satisfy $BD = DE = EC$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the midpoints of $AD$ and $AE$, respectively. Suppose triangle $ADE$ is acute, and let $H$ be its orthocentre. Points $P$ and $Q$ lie on lines $BM$ and $CN$, respectively, such that $D, H, M,$ and $P$ are concyclic and pairwise different, and $E, H, N,$ and $Q$ are concyclic and pairwise different. Prove that $P, Q, N,$ and $M$ are concyclic.
0 replies
CrazyInMath
4 minutes ago
0 replies
Number Theory Chain!
JetFire008   52
N 14 minutes ago by Anto0110
I will post a question and someone has to answer it. Then they have to post a question and someone else will answer it and so on. We can only post questions related to Number Theory and each problem should be more difficult than the previous. Let's start!

Question 1
52 replies
+1 w
JetFire008
Apr 7, 2025
Anto0110
14 minutes ago
Convex quad
MithsApprentice   81
N 18 minutes ago by LeYohan
Source: USAMO 1993
Let $\, ABCD \,$ be a convex quadrilateral such that diagonals $\, AC \,$ and $\, BD \,$ intersect at right angles, and let $\, E \,$ be their intersection. Prove that the reflections of $\, E \,$ across $\, AB, \, BC, \, CD, \, DA \,$ are concyclic.
81 replies
MithsApprentice
Oct 27, 2005
LeYohan
18 minutes ago
Inspired by A_E_R
sqing   0
23 minutes ago
Source: Own
Let $ a,b,c,d>0 $ and $ a(b^2+c^2)\geq 4bcd.$ Prove that$$ (a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2)(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{d^2})\geq\frac{84}{4}$$Let $ a,b,c,d>0 $ and $ a(b^2+c^2)\geq 3bcd.$ Prove that$$ (a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2)(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{d^2})\geq\frac{625}{36}$$
0 replies
sqing
23 minutes ago
0 replies
Interesting inequality
A_E_R   1
N 39 minutes ago by sqing
Let a,b,c,d are positive real numbers, if the following inequality holds ab^2+ac^2>=5bcd. Find the minimum value of explanation: (a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2)(1/a^2+1/b^2+1/c^2+1/d^2)
1 reply
A_E_R
3 hours ago
sqing
39 minutes ago
Maximum area of the triangle
adityaguharoy   1
N 44 minutes ago by Mathzeus1024
If in some triangle $\triangle ABC$ we are given :
$\sqrt{3} \cdot \sin(C)=\frac{2- \sin A}{\cos A}$ and one side length of the triangle equals $2$, then under these conditions find the maximum area of the triangle $ABC$.
1 reply
adityaguharoy
Jan 19, 2017
Mathzeus1024
44 minutes ago
Concurrent lines
BR1F1SZ   4
N an hour ago by NicoN9
Source: 2025 CJMO P2
Let $ABCD$ be a trapezoid with parallel sides $AB$ and $CD$, where $BC\neq DA$. A circle passing through $C$ and $D$ intersects $AC, AD, BC, BD$ again at $W, X, Y, Z$ respectively. Prove that $WZ, XY, AB$ are concurrent.
4 replies
BR1F1SZ
Mar 7, 2025
NicoN9
an hour ago
Inspired by lgx57
sqing   6
N an hour ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b\geq 0 $ and $\frac{1}{a^2+b}+\frac{1}{b^2+a}=1.  $ Prove that
$$a^2+b^2-a-b\leq 1$$$$a^3+b^3-a-b\leq \frac{3+\sqrt 5}{2}$$$$a^3+b^3-a^2-b^2\leq \frac{1+\sqrt 5}{2}$$
6 replies
sqing
2 hours ago
sqing
an hour ago
Arithmetic progression
BR1F1SZ   2
N an hour ago by NicoN9
Source: 2025 CJMO P1
Suppose an infinite non-constant arithmetic progression of integers contains $1$ in it. Prove that there are an infinite number of perfect cubes in this progression. (A perfect cube is an integer of the form $k^3$, where $k$ is an integer. For example, $-8$, $0$ and $1$ are perfect cubes.)
2 replies
BR1F1SZ
Mar 7, 2025
NicoN9
an hour ago
Injective arithmetic comparison
adityaguharoy   1
N 2 hours ago by Mathzeus1024
Source: Own .. probably own
Show or refute :
For every injective function $f: \mathbb{N} \to \mathbb{N}$ there are elements $a,b,c$ in an arithmetic progression in the order $a<b<c$ such that $f(a)<f(b)<f(c)$ .
1 reply
adityaguharoy
Jan 16, 2017
Mathzeus1024
2 hours ago
Abelkonkurransen 2025 1b
Lil_flip38   2
N 2 hours ago by Lil_flip38
Source: abelkonkurransen
In Duckville there is a perpetual trophy with the words “Best child of Duckville” engraved on it. Each inhabitant of Duckville has a non-empty list (which never changes) of other inhabitants of Duckville. Whoever receives the trophy
gets to keep it for one day, and then passes it on to someone on their list the next day. Gregers has previously received the trophy. It turns out that each time he does receive it, he is guaranteed to receive it again exactly $2025$ days later (but perhaps earlier, as well). Hedvig received the trophy today. Determine all integers $n>0$ for which we can be absolutely certain that she cannot receive the trophy again in $n$ days, given the above information.
2 replies
Lil_flip38
Mar 20, 2025
Lil_flip38
2 hours ago
Concurrence of angle bisectors
proglote   65
N Mar 30, 2025 by smbellanki
Source: Brazil MO #5
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ is orthocenter. Let $D$ be the intersection of $BH$ and $AC$ and $E$ be the intersection of $CH$ and $AB$. The circumcircle of $ADE$ cuts the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $F \neq A$. Prove that the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ concur at a point on $BC.$
65 replies
proglote
Oct 20, 2011
smbellanki
Mar 30, 2025
Concurrence of angle bisectors
G H J
Source: Brazil MO #5
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proglote
958 posts
#1 • 6 Y
Y by Davi-8191, mathematicsy, jdong2006, Jufri, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ is orthocenter. Let $D$ be the intersection of $BH$ and $AC$ and $E$ be the intersection of $CH$ and $AB$. The circumcircle of $ADE$ cuts the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $F \neq A$. Prove that the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ concur at a point on $BC.$
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Luis González
4147 posts
#2 • 12 Y
Y by proglote, ayan_mathematics_king, Naruto.D.Luffy, iceylemon157, myh2910, MatteD, jdong2006, rg_ryse, third_one_is_jerk, Adventure10, Mango247, and 1 other user
Clearly, the reflection $P$ of $H$ about the midpoint $M$ of $\overline{BC}$ is the antipode of $A$ WRT $\odot(ABC).$ If $PH$ cuts $\odot(ABC)$ again at $F',$ then $\angle AF'H \equiv \angle AF'P=90^{\circ},$ i.e. $F' \in \odot(ADE)$ $\Longrightarrow$ $F \equiv F'.$ Since $MD,ME$ are tangents of $\odot(AED)$ at $D,E,$ then $FDHE$ is harmonic $\Longrightarrow$ $FE \cdot HD=FD \cdot HE,$ but $\triangle FBC$ and $\triangle FED$ are similar, due to $\angle EFD=\angle EAD=\angle BFC$ and $\angle FDE=\angle FAE=\angle FCB$ $\Longrightarrow$ $\frac{_{FB}}{^{FC}}=\frac{_{FE}}{^{FD}}=\frac{_{HE}}{^{HD}}=\frac{_{HB}}{^{HC}}$ $\Longrightarrow$ bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ meet on $BC.$
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Zhero
2043 posts
#3 • 6 Y
Y by rg_ryse, Adventure10, Mango247, and 3 other users
Let $P_1$ and $P_2$ be the points of intersection of the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC$ and $\angle BHC$ with $BC$, respectively. Since $F$ is the Miquel point of quadrilateral $EDCB$, we have $\triangle FEB \sim \triangle FDC$, so
\[ \frac{BP_1}{P_1 C} = \frac{FB}{FC} = \frac{EB}{DC} = \frac{\frac{EB}{BC}}{\frac{DC}{BC}} = \frac{\sin \angle ECB}{\sin \angle DBC} = \frac{\sin \angle HCB}{\sin \angle HBC} = \frac{HB}{HC} = \frac{BP_2}{P_2C}, \]
so $P_1 = P_2$, as desired.
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dragon96
3212 posts
#4 • 6 Y
Y by PNT, Akkuman, Adventure10, Mango247, poirasss, and 1 other user
Let H' be the reflection of H about BC and I the foot of A on BC. We start with two lemmas:

Lemma 1: AF, DE, and BC concur at a point Q.

Note that AFED, BCDE, and ACBF are all cyclic. Use the radical axis theorem.

Lemma 2: (B,C;Q,I) is a harmonic bundle.

From Ceva's Theorem with H as concurrency point, we get:

\[ -\frac{IC}{IB} = -\frac{DA}{CD}\cdot\frac{EB}{AE} \]

Similarly, Menelaus' Theorem about Q yields:

\[ \frac{QB}{QC} = -\frac{DA}{CD}\cdot\frac{EB}{AE} \]

Hence, we have that $\frac{QB}{QC} =  -\frac{IC}{IB}$, as desired.

Proof:

Let G be the intersection point of the angle bisector of <BHC and BC. We wish to show that HC/HB = FC/FB, so the result would follow by the Angle Bisector Theorem. This is equivalent to showing that H'C/H'B = FC/FB, or that cyclic quadrilateral FBH'C is harmonic. We consider point A on its circumcircle and project the four points onto line BC. From Lemma 1, AF intersects BC at Q. Applying Lemma 2 directly gives us the desired.
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hatchguy
555 posts
#5 • 4 Y
Y by CaptainCuong, Adventure10, Mango247, and 1 other user
Clearly we have $\angle FBE = \angle FBA = \angle FCA = \angle FCD$ (1)

Also $\angle EFD = \angle EAD =\angle BAC =\angle BFC$ hence we have \[ \angle CFD+ \angle EFC = \angle EFD = \angle BFC = \angle EFC + \angle BFE\] and therefore $\angle BFE = \angle CFD$ (2)

From (1) and (2) we have $\triangle BFE \sim \triangle CFD => \frac{BF}{FC} =\frac{BE}{CD}$

But clearly, since $\triangle BHE \sim \triangle CHD$ we have $\frac{BE}{CD}=\frac{BH}{CH}$ and therefore \[ \frac{BF}{FC} =\frac{BE}{CD} =\frac{BH}{CH}\] and we are done.
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sunken rock
4381 posts
#6 • 3 Y
Y by StanleyST, Adventure10, Mango247
As before, $H, M, P$ are respectively the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$, midpoint of $BC$ and antipode of $A$, it is well known that $F,H,M,P$ are collinear and $BPCH$ is a parallelogram.
M being the midpoint of $BC$, it follows that the triangles $\triangle FBP, \triangle FCP$ have equal areas; as $sin \angle FBP=sin \angle FCP$, we shall get $BF\cdot BP=CF\cdot PC$; from the parallelogram property, $CP=BH, BP=CH$, hence $\frac{BF}{CF}=\frac{BH}{CH}$, done.

Best regards,
sunken rock
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r1234
462 posts
#7 • 3 Y
Y by harshmishra, Adventure10, Mango247
Also there's a proof by inversion.Let $X\equiv DE\cap BC$.Now we invert this figure WRT $A$ with power $AD.AB=k^{2}$.Note that $F$ goes to $X$.So $A,F,X$ are collinear.Now $BF=\frac {k^{2}DX}{AD.AX}$ and

$CF=\frac {k^{2}EX}{AE.AX}$. This gives $\frac {FB}{FC}=\frac {AD.XE}{AE.DX}$.Let $G\equiv AH\cap DE$.Since

$(XG;ED)=-1$, so we get $\frac {FB}{FC}=\frac {AD.EG}{AE.DG}$.Now its easy to get that $\frac {AD.EG}
{AE.DG}=\frac {BH}{CH}$.Hence the result follows.
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v_Enhance
6872 posts
#8 • 13 Y
Y by Durjoy1729, FadingMoonlight, Lcz, snakeaid, HamstPan38825, jdong2006, rg_ryse, harshmishra, rayfish, crazyeyemoody907, Adventure10, Mango247, and 1 other user
Note that the circumcircle of $AED$ is simply the circle with diameter $AH$. Let $R$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Then $F$ is the reflection of $A$ across $RO$ by radical axis, where $O$ is the circumcenter of $ABC$.

Now place everything on the complex plane with $o=0$. Then $r=a+\frac{b+c}{2}$ and $f=\frac{r}{\bar r}\bar a$. We need to verify that $\left|\frac{f-b}{f-c}\right|^2 = \left|\frac{h-b}{h-c}\right|^2$ or \[ (f-b)(\bar f - \bar b)(a+b)(\bar a + \bar b) = (f-c)(\bar f - \bar c)(a+c)(\bar a + \bar c) \]
We will now make the simplifying assumption that $r \in \mathbb R$; this can be done by simply rotating the triangle. Thus, $r = \bar r$ and $f = \bar a$. Now the LHS of the above is equal to \begin{align*} LHS &= (1/a-b)(a-1/b)(a+b)(1/a+1/b) \\ &= \text{kaboom} \\ &= 4-2ba-2/ba+2b/a+2a/b-b^2-1/b^2-a^2-1/a^2 \\ &= 4-a^2-1/a^2 + (2/b-2b)a+(2b-2/b)/a - (b^2+1/b^2) \end{align*} Now the fact that $r=\bar r$ can be rearranged to \[ b-1/b = 1/c - c + (2/a-2a) \] and also \[ b^2+1/b^2 = (c^2+1/c^2) + (4/a^2+4a^2-8) + (4/a-4a)(1/c - c) = (c^2+1/c^2) + (4/a^2+4a^2-8) - (4c-4/c)(1/a) - (4/c-4c)(a) \]

Finally, \begin{align*} LHS =& 4-a^2-1/a^2 + (2/b-2b)a+(2b-2/b)/a - (b^2+1/b^2) \\
 =& 4-a^2-1/a^2 + (2c-2/c+4/a-4a)a + (2/c-2c+4a-4/a)/a \\ & - (c^2+1/c^2) - (4/a^2+4a^2-8) + (c-1/c)(4/a) + (c-1/c)(4a) \\ 
=& 4-a^2-1/a^2 + ((2c-2/c)+(4/c-4c))a + ((2/c-2c)+(4c-4/c))/a \\& + (4/a-4a)a + (4a-4/a)/a - (4/a^2+4a^2-8) \\ =&  4-a^2-1/a^2 + (2/c-2c)a+(2c-2/c)/a - (c^2+1/c^2) \\ =& RHS \end{align*}
and I can now start on my English homework we are done.

(For the record, the above calculations were all done by hand.)
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SCP
1502 posts
#9 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
dragon96 wrote:
Hence, we have that $\frac{QB}{QC} =  -\frac{IB}{IC}$

It has to be this, you missed in the Ceva theorem.
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cnyd
394 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Here is my solution.

From the chasing angle ,we find that ; $\angle BFH=\angle HBC$ and $\angle HFC=\angle HCB$

It means $BC$ tangents of circumcircles of $\triangle BHF$ and $\triangle HFC$

Therefore,$HF$ bisects $BC$.

If we use sinus theorem in $\triangle BHC$,we find that $\frac{BH}{HC}=\frac{BF}{FC}$

The rest is obvious.
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sayantanchakraborty
505 posts
#11 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Trigo Bashing!!!

Let $\angle{ABF}=\theta$.Applying the sine rule in $\triangle{AFE}$ and $\triangle{ABF}$ we have
$\frac{AF}{sin(C+\theta-B}=2RcosA \Rightarrow \frac{sin\theta}{sinC+\theta-B}=cosA$
$\Rightarrow tan\theta=\frac{sin(B-C)}{2cosBcosC}$.
Now $\frac{BF}{CF}=\frac{sin(C+\theta)}{sin(B-\theta)}=\frac{sinC+cosCtan\theta}{sinB-cosBtan\theta}=\frac{cosB}{cosC}$.
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jayme
9775 posts
#12 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Dear Mathlinkers,
sorry, I rewrite the problem wrt the point A…

1. ABC an acute triangle
2. (O) the circumcircle of ABC
3. M the midpoint of BC
4. B’, C’ the feet of the B, C-altitudes of ABC
5. F the second point of intersection of (O) with the circumcircle of AB’C’ (F, H and M are collinear, well known)

Prove : the F, H-inner bissector of FBC, HBC intersect on BC

An outline of my proof

1. (O’) the symmetric of (O) wrt BC
2. X the midpoint of the arc BC which doesn’t contai A
3. Y the second point of intersection of the H-inner bssector of HBC with (O’)
4. by an angle chasing, we prove that F, H, X and Y are concyclic
5. by a converse of the three chords theorem, we are done…

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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IDMasterz
1412 posts
#13 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let the reflection of $H$ on $BC$ be $H'$. By direct application of radical axis theorem, $AF, DE, BC$ concur at the harmonic conjugate of $AH \cap BC = T$ wrt $BC$, hence $BFCH'$ is an harmonic quadrilateral, and clearly the angle bisectors of $\angle BFC, \angle BH'C$ will meet at $BC$, but then again, the angle bisector of $\angle B'HC$ meets the angle bisector of $\angle BHC$ at $BC$ as well due to reflexive properties.
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SmartClown
82 posts
#14 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Deadline
By easy angle chase we get $\triangle FDB \sim \triangle FEC$ so we have $\frac{FB}{FC}=\frac{BD}{CE}=\frac{BH}{CH}$ so we are finished.
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trumpeter
3332 posts
#15 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Solution
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