2020 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 16
- The following problem is from both the 2020 AMC 12A #16 and 2020 AMC 10A #16, so both problems redirect to this page.
Contents
[hide]Problem
A point is chosen at random within the square in the coordinate plane whose vertices are and . The probability that the point is within units of a lattice point is . (A point is a lattice point if and are both integers.) What is to the nearest tenth
Solutions
Diagram
The diagram represents each unit square of the given square.
Solution 1
We consider an individual one-by-one block.
If we draw a quarter of a circle from each corner (where the lattice points are located), each with radius , the area covered by the circles should be . Because of this, and the fact that there are four circles, we write
Solving for , we obtain , where with , we get , and from here, we see that
~Crypthes
~ Minor Edits by BakedPotato66
To be more rigorous, note that since if then clearly the probability is greater than . This would make sure the above solution works, as if there is overlap with the quartercircles.
Solution 2
As in the previous solution, we obtain the equation , which simplifies to . Since is slightly more than , is slightly less than . We notice that is slightly more than , so is roughly ~emerald_block
Solution 3 (Estimating)
As above, we find that we need to estimate .
Note that we can approximate and so .
And so our answer is .
~Silverdragon
Solution 4 (Estimating but a bit different)
We only need to figure out the probability for a unit square, as it will scale up to the square. Since we want to find the probability that a point inside a unit square that is units away from a lattice point (a corner of the square) is , we can find which answer will come the closest to covering of the area.
Since the closest is which turns out to be which is about , we find that the answer rounded to the nearest tenth is or .
~RuiyangWu
Solution 5 (Estimating but differently again)
As per the above diagram, realize that , so .
.
is between and and , so we can say .
So . This is slightly above , since .
-Solution by Joeya
Solution 6 (Estimating but differently again, again)
As above, we have the equation , and we want to find the most accurate value of . We resort to the answer choices and can plug those values of in and see which value of will lead to the most accurate value of .
Starting off in the middle, we try option C with . Plugging this in, we get and after simplifying we get That's not very good. We know
Let's see if we can do better. Trying option A with we get
Hm, let's try option B with We get . This is very close to and is the best estimate for of the 5 options.
Therefore, the answer is ~ epiconan
Solution 7 (Sol. 1, but rigorous (and excessive))
PLEASE NOTE: Solution 1 IS rigorous. Say there are unit squares (it doesn't matter how many). There is a probability the point is in some unit square. There is a probability the point is in the shaded region. So, there is a probability the point is in any shaded region (since there are unit squares).
Let be the side length of a square. When , the shaded areas represent half of the total area:
When :
For :
We can calculate the total number of shaded circles given some . There are full circles on the inside, semicircles on the sides, and quarter circles for the corners.
Full circles are, of course, worth one circle. Semicircles are worth half a circle each, and quarter circles are worth of a circle. Thus, weighing our sum gives Thus, there is worth of the shaded area for any , and since the area of each circle is if is the radius of each.
We want the ratio of this shaded area to the entire to be . The area of the entire square is , so dividing, we see that .
The rest is the same as solution .
Video Solutions
Video Solution 1
Education, The Study of Everything
Video Solution 2
~IceMatrix
Video Solution 3
https://youtu.be/R220vbM_my8?t=238
~ amritvignesh0719062.0
See Also
2020 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 15 |
Followed by Problem 17 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
2020 AMC 12A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 15 |
Followed by Problem 17 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.