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k a March Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Mar 2, 2025
March is the month for State MATHCOUNTS competitions! Kudos to everyone who participated in their local chapter competitions and best of luck to all going to State! Join us on March 11th for a Math Jam devoted to our favorite Chapter competition problems! Are you interested in training for MATHCOUNTS? Be sure to check out our AMC 8/MATHCOUNTS Basics and Advanced courses.

Are you ready to level up with Olympiad training? Registration is open with early bird pricing available for our WOOT programs: MathWOOT (Levels 1 and 2), CodeWOOT, PhysicsWOOT, and ChemWOOT. What is WOOT? WOOT stands for Worldwide Online Olympiad Training and is a 7-month high school math Olympiad preparation and testing program that brings together many of the best students from around the world to learn Olympiad problem solving skills. Classes begin in September!

Do you have plans this summer? There are so many options to fit your schedule and goals whether attending a summer camp or taking online classes, it can be a great break from the routine of the school year. Check out our summer courses at AoPS Online, or if you want a math or language arts class that doesn’t have homework, but is an enriching summer experience, our AoPS Virtual Campus summer camps may be just the ticket! We are expanding our locations for our AoPS Academies across the country with 15 locations so far and new campuses opening in Saratoga CA, Johns Creek GA, and the Upper West Side NY. Check out this page for summer camp information.

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]March 5th (Wednesday), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, HCSSiM Math Jam 2025. Amber Verser, Assistant Director of the Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics, will host an information session about HCSSiM, a summer program for high school students.
[*]March 6th (Thursday), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Free Webinar on Math Competitions from elementary through high school. Join us for an enlightening session that demystifies the world of math competitions and helps you make informed decisions about your contest journey.
[*]March 11th (Tuesday), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS Chapter Discussion MATH JAM. AoPS instructors will discuss some of their favorite problems from the MATHCOUNTS Chapter Competition. All are welcome!
[*]March 13th (Thursday), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Free Webinar about Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus. Transform your summer into an unforgettable learning adventure! From elementary through high school, we offer dynamic summer camps featuring topics in mathematics, language arts, and competition preparation - all designed to fit your schedule and ignite your passion for learning.[/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
Mar 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Integral with dt
RenheMiResembleRice   0
32 minutes ago
Source: Yanxue Lu
Solve the attached:
0 replies
RenheMiResembleRice
32 minutes ago
0 replies
Inequality
srnjbr   1
N 35 minutes ago by sqing
a^2+b^2+c^2+x^2+y^2=1. Find the maximum value of the expression (ax+by)^2+(bx+cy)^2
1 reply
srnjbr
Yesterday at 4:32 PM
sqing
35 minutes ago
new playlist in Olympiad Geometry Channel
Plane_geometry_youtuber   2
N an hour ago by Plane_geometry_youtuber
Hi,

I create a new playlist called "Problems from Audience". I will put my solution of the problems from audience into this playlist. Welcome to send me your problems and doubts.

https://www.youtube.com/@OlympiadGeometry-2024

my email: planery.geometry@gmail.com
2 replies
Plane_geometry_youtuber
Jan 28, 2025
Plane_geometry_youtuber
an hour ago
9 Three concurrent chords
v_Enhance   3
N an hour ago by ohiorizzler1434
Three distinct circles $\Omega_1$, $\Omega_2$, $\Omega_3$ cut three common chords concurrent at $X$. Consider two distinct circles $\Gamma_1$, $\Gamma_2$ which are internally tangent to all $\Omega_i$. Determine, with proof, which of the following two statements is true.

(1) $X$ is the insimilicenter of $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$
(2) $X$ is the exsimilicenter of $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$.
3 replies
v_Enhance
Yesterday at 8:45 PM
ohiorizzler1434
an hour ago
Mathhhhh
mathbetter   9
N an hour ago by ohiorizzler1434
Three turtles are crawling along a straight road heading in the same
direction. "Two other turtles are behind me," says the first turtle. "One turtle is
behind me and one other is ahead," says the second. "Two turtles are ahead of me
and one other is behind," says the third turtle. How can this be possible?
9 replies
mathbetter
Thursday at 11:21 AM
ohiorizzler1434
an hour ago
Find min
hunghd8   5
N 2 hours ago by hunghd8
Let $a,b,c$ be nonnegative real numbers such that $ a+b+c\geq 2+abc $. Find min
$$P=a^2+b^2+c^2.$$
5 replies
hunghd8
Yesterday at 12:10 PM
hunghd8
2 hours ago
An inequality about xy+yz+zx+2xyz=1
jokehim   0
2 hours ago
Source: my problem
Problem. Let $x,y,z>0: xy+yz+zx+2xyz=1.$ Prove that$$\frac{1}{6x+1}+\frac{1}{6y+1}+\frac{1}{6z+1}\ge \frac{9(xy+yz+zx)-3}{5}.$$Proposed by Phan Ngoc Chau
0 replies
jokehim
2 hours ago
0 replies
APMO 2015 P1
aditya21   59
N 3 hours ago by ethan2011
Source: APMO 2015
Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and let $D$ be a point on side $BC$. A line through $D$ intersects side $AB$ at $X$ and ray $AC$ at $Y$ . The circumcircle of triangle $BXD$ intersects the circumcircle $\omega$ of triangle $ABC$ again at point $Z$ distinct from point $B$. The lines $ZD$ and $ZY$ intersect $\omega$ again at $V$ and $W$ respectively.
Prove that $AB = V W$

Proposed by Warut Suksompong, Thailand
59 replies
aditya21
Mar 30, 2015
ethan2011
3 hours ago
Tiling squares in 2024 is harder than in 2025, right?
Tintarn   3
N 4 hours ago by NicoN9
Source: Baltic Way 2024, Problem 7
A $45 \times 45$ grid has had the central unit square removed. For which positive integers $n$ is it possible to cut the remaining area into $1 \times n$ and $n\times 1$ rectangles?
3 replies
Tintarn
Nov 16, 2024
NicoN9
4 hours ago
old and easy imo inequality
Valentin Vornicu   210
N 5 hours ago by Marcus_Zhang
Source: IMO 2000, Problem 2, IMO Shortlist 2000, A1
Let $ a, b, c$ be positive real numbers so that $ abc = 1$. Prove that
\[ \left( a - 1 + \frac 1b \right) \left( b - 1 + \frac 1c \right) \left( c - 1 + \frac 1a \right) \leq 1.
\]
210 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Oct 24, 2005
Marcus_Zhang
5 hours ago
IMO ShortList 1998, algebra problem 3
orl   69
N Yesterday at 9:30 PM by Marcus_Zhang
Source: IMO ShortList 1998, algebra problem 3
Let $x,y$ and $z$ be positive real numbers such that $xyz=1$. Prove that


\[
 \frac{x^{3}}{(1 + y)(1 + z)}+\frac{y^{3}}{(1 + z)(1 + x)}+\frac{z^{3}}{(1 + x)(1 + y)}
 \geq \frac{3}{4}. 
\]
69 replies
orl
Oct 22, 2004
Marcus_Zhang
Yesterday at 9:30 PM
IMO ShortList 2001, algebra problem 6
orl   137
N Yesterday at 9:08 PM by Levieee
Source: IMO ShortList 2001, algebra problem 6
Prove that for all positive real numbers $a,b,c$, \[ \frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2 + 8bc}} + \frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2 + 8ca}} + \frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2 + 8ab}} \geq 1.  \]
137 replies
orl
Sep 30, 2004
Levieee
Yesterday at 9:08 PM
Checkerboard
Ecrin_eren   2
N Yesterday at 8:55 PM by Thorbeam
On an 8×8 checkerboard, what is the minimum number of squares that must be marked (including the marked ones) so that every square has exactly one marked neighbor? (We define neighbors as squares that share a common edge, and a square is not considered a neighbor of itself.)
2 replies
Ecrin_eren
Yesterday at 5:20 AM
Thorbeam
Yesterday at 8:55 PM
Simple vector geometry existence
AndreiVila   3
N Yesterday at 8:05 PM by Ianis
Source: Romanian District Olympiad 2025 9.1
Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram of center $O$. Prove that for any point $M\in (AB)$, there exist unique points $N\in (OC)$ and $P\in (OD)$ such that $O$ is the center of mass of $\triangle MNP$.
3 replies
AndreiVila
Mar 8, 2025
Ianis
Yesterday at 8:05 PM
Combinatorics from Iranian TST 2017
bgn   20
N Mar 18, 2025 by ezpotd
Source: Iranian TST 2017, first exam, day1, problem 2
In the country of Sugarland, there are $13$ students in the IMO team selection camp.
$6$ team selection tests were taken and the results have came out. Assume that no students have the same score on the same test.To select the IMO team, the national committee of math Olympiad have decided to choose a permutation of these $6$ tests and starting from the first test, the person with the highest score between the remaining students will become a member of the team.The committee is having a session to choose the permutation.
Is it possible that all $13$ students have a chance of being a team member?

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian
20 replies
bgn
Apr 5, 2017
ezpotd
Mar 18, 2025
Combinatorics from Iranian TST 2017
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Iranian TST 2017, first exam, day1, problem 2
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bgn
178 posts
#1 • 11 Y
Y by Ankoganit, anantmudgal09, ATimo, rafayaashary1, ahmedAbd, laegolas, kk108, Tawan, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
In the country of Sugarland, there are $13$ students in the IMO team selection camp.
$6$ team selection tests were taken and the results have came out. Assume that no students have the same score on the same test.To select the IMO team, the national committee of math Olympiad have decided to choose a permutation of these $6$ tests and starting from the first test, the person with the highest score between the remaining students will become a member of the team.The committee is having a session to choose the permutation.
Is it possible that all $13$ students have a chance of being a team member?

Proposed by Morteza Saghafian
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by bgn, Apr 7, 2017, 6:42 PM
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mamouaz1
90 posts
#2 • 4 Y
Y by Tawan, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
Hum maybe i miss something but if a student has $0$ il all the tests. He has no chance for being a team member?
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rafayaashary1
2541 posts
#3 • 8 Y
Y by Ankoganit, Lsway, laegolas, Tawan, ljxlapin, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
mamouaz1 wrote:
Hum maybe i miss something but if a student has $0$ il all the tests. He has no chance for being a team member?
I think it asks if there exists a configuration of rankings so that for every student, there is a permutation of the tests in which that student qualifies.

Edit: I live in Sugar Land :o
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by rafayaashary1, Apr 5, 2017, 4:36 PM
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bgn
178 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by Tawan, Adventure10, sami1618
rafayaashary1 wrote:
I live in Sugar Land :o
That's pretty intresting :D
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MellowMelon
5850 posts
#5 • 7 Y
Y by rafayaashary1, Ankoganit, laegolas, dgrozev, Tawan, Adventure10, sami1618
Solution
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Gems98
203 posts
#6 • 4 Y
Y by canhhoang30011999, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
Click to reveal hidden text
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MathPanda1
1135 posts
#7 • 4 Y
Y by Tawan, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
What is the maximum number of students there can be so that there is still a chance of being a team member?
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bgn
178 posts
#8 • 4 Y
Y by Tawan, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
MathPanda1 wrote:
What is the maximum number of students there can be so that there is still a chance of being a team member?

I think there was an example for $14$ students. But don't have an idea about the maximum number.
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eager
48 posts
#9 • 3 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
TEST: 1 2 3 4 5 6
A A A A A A
B B B B B B
C C C D D D
D D D C C C
E E F F G G
H I J K L M Satisfies the conditions
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RootOfUnity
2 posts
#10 • 4 Y
Y by Tawan, Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618
MathPanda1 wrote:
What is the maximum number of students there can be so that there is still a chance of being a team member?

Here is an example for $14$ students:

\begin{tabular}{l*{5}{c}r}
Test              & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5  & 6 \\
\hline
1st place& A & A & A & A & A & A  \\
2nd place & B & B & B & B &  B & B \\
3rd place & C & C & D & D &  E & E \\
4th place& F & G & G & H & H & F \\
5th place& I & J & K & L & M & N \\
\end{tabular}
For example, $I$ can get into the team with the order $(4,3,5,2,6,1)\rightarrow(A,B,E,C,F,I)$.
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pavel kozlov
613 posts
#11 • 4 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247, sami1618, ihatemath123
"That's an awfully tricky yes-no question to put on a TST..."
You should know about pre-history of a problem:
https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h46293p292638
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AwesomeYRY
579 posts
#13 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
$\textbf{Yes.}$ This is in fact possible, with the following setup, where each column represents the top 6 scorers on each problem, and the contestants are numbered $01,02,\ldots,13$.

01 01 01 01 01 01
02 02 02 02 02 02
03 03 03 03 03 03
04 04 04 04 04 04
05 05 06 06 07 07
08 09 10 11 12 13
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by AwesomeYRY, Jun 30, 2021, 9:30 PM
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IAmTheHazard
5000 posts
#14 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
It is indeed possible. Number the students 01 to 13 and suppose that the top 6 on each problem is as follows
01 01 01 01 01 01
02 02 02 02 02 02
03 03 03 03 03 03
04 04 04 04 04 04
05 05 06 06 07 07
08 09 10 11 12 13
And assign the rest of the rankings arbitrarily. Then in any IMO team, students 01 through 04 must be included. Students 05 and 09 can be included through the permutation 654312, and something similar can be sued to include any of the other students. $\blacksquare$
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Cookierookie
52 posts
#15 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
\begin{tabular}{l*{5}{c}r}
Test              & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5  & 6 \\
\hline
1st place& 1 & 1 & 1 & 2 & 2 & 2  \\
2nd place & 3 & 4 & 5 & 3 & 4 & 5 \\
3rd place & 6 & 7 & 8 & 8 &  6 & 7 \\
4th place& 9 & 10 & 11 & 12 & 13 & 14 \\
\end{tabular}
is a shorter example for $14$.

You work backwards to verify that this works, notice that showing any $4$th place student can get into the team is sufficient. Let me demonstrate an example for any student in $5$th place say $11$:
To get $11$ you must get students $8,5,1$ into the team first, you have to get $8$ from Test $4$ and $5$ from Test $6$ which are always different by construction. And you should also take student $3$ from Test $1$ before you start taking $8$, notice that Test $1$, $4$, $6$, $3$ are all different again. So you first take the left out tests, $2$, $5$ in this case, then take $1$, $4$, $6$, $3$ in order.
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cj13609517288
1869 posts
#17 • 2 Y
Y by lelouchvigeo, sami1618
1 2 3 5 8
1 2 3 6 9
1 2 3 7 A
1 2 4 5 B
1 2 4 6 C
1 2 4 7 D
$\blacksquare$
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HamstPan38825
8857 posts
#18 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
Quite difficult but very satisfying to solve.

Consider the construction
$$\begin{tabular}{c|c|c|c|c|c|c}
& Problem 1 & Problem 2 & Problem 3 & Problem 4 & Problem 5 & Problem 6 \\ \hline
Student 1 & 1 & 1 & & 2 & & \\\hline
Student 2 & 2 & & 1 & 1 & & \\\hline
Student 3 & & 2 & & & 1 & \\\hline
Student 4 & & & 2 & & & 1 \\\hline
Student 5 & 3 & 3 & & & & \\\hline
Student 6 & 4 & & & & & \\\hline
Student 7 & & 4 & & & & \\\hline
Student 8 & & & 3 & 3 & & \\\hline
Student 9 & & & 4 & & & \\\hline
Student 10 & & & & 4 & & \\\hline
Student 11 & & & & & 2 & 2 \\\hline
Student 12 & & & & & 3 & \\\hline
Student 13 & & & & & & 3
\end{tabular}$$
where the columns denote problems, rows denote students, and the entry in $(r, c)$ corresponds to the rank of student $r$ on problem $c$. The places left blank can be chosen arbitrarily. Now, observe that:
  • Students $1, 2, 3, 4$ can get on the team as if the problem they are ranked first on is chosen first;
  • Student $5$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $3, 4, 5, 1$;
  • Student $6$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $3, 4, 5, 2, 1$;
  • Student $7$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $3, 4, 5, 1, 2$;
  • Students $8$ through $10$ can get on the team by symmetry (with $3, 4$ replaced with $2, 1$ and so on).
  • Student $11$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $4, 1, 2, 3, 5$;
  • Student $12$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $4, 1, 2, 3, 6, 5$;
  • Student $13$ can get on the team if the problems are chosen in the order $4, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6$.
So all $13$ students can get on the team, which concludes the proof.

Remark: The underlying idea behind the construction was to use the top $2 \times 4$ square to easily be able to eliminate top ranks; then, for each pair, we would be able to uplift three students who were ranked lower, which suffices for the $13$ students.
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lelouchvigeo
172 posts
#19 • 1 Y
Y by sami1618
Very tricky question.
We can $choose$
This $ configuration$ satisfies
1 2 5 9
1 2 6 10
1 3 7 11
1 3 5 12
1 4 6 13
1 4 7 8
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sami1618
874 posts
#20
Y by
What a great problem!

Label the students with the numbers the letters $A$ through $M$.

Motivation:

Notice that the following 'pyramid' structure is very natural to consider. If the tests were chosen in numerical order, then $A$ would be admitted first, in the second test $B$ would be admitted as $A$ has already been chosen, and so on until $F$ is admitted.
\begin{tabular}{l*{5}{c}r}
Test & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5& 6 \\
\hline
1st& A & A& A & A& A& A\\
2nd& {} & B & B & B & B& B \\
3rd & {} & {} & C & C & C & C \\
4th & {} & {} & {} & D & D & D \\
5th & {} & {} & {} & {} & E & E \\
6th & {} & {} & {} & {} & {} & F\\
\end{tabular}This is not necessary but it is sufficient in that every student that appears at the bottom of a pyramid (size $1$ to $6$) in some permutation can be possibly chosen. This idea leads naturally to the following construction.

Construction:

\begin{tabular}{l*{5}{c}r}
Test & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5& 6 \\
\hline
1st& A & A& A & A& A& A\\
2nd& B & B & B & B & B& B \\
3rd & C & C & C & C & C & C \\
4th & G & G & G & D & D & D \\
5th & H & H & H & E & E & E \\
6th & I & J & K & L & M & F\\
\end{tabular}
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by sami1618, Sep 19, 2024, 11:56 AM
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kotmhn
56 posts
#21
Y by
Great problem!
(i love these yes no problems, specially this kind)
Constriction:
\begin{tabular}{l*{5}{c}r}
Test & 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5& 6 \\
\hline
1st& A & A& A & A& A& A\\
2nd& B & B & B & B & B& B \\
3rd & C & C & C & C & C & C \\
4th & D & D & D & D & D & D \\
5th & E & E & F & F & G & G \\
6th & M & L & K & J & I & H\\
\end{tabular}It is not difficult to verify how this works.

motivation
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by kotmhn, Nov 6, 2024, 6:03 PM
Reason: .
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Likeminded2017
391 posts
#22
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Yes, consider
\[\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
1 & 2 & 3 & 4 & 5 & 6 \\
\hline
A & A & A & A & A & A \\
\hline
B & B & B & B & B & B \\
\hline
C & C & C & C & C & C \\
\hline
D & D & D & D & D & D \\
\hline
E & E & F & F & G & G \\
\hline
H & I & J & K & L & M \\
\hline
\end{array}\]
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ezpotd
1251 posts
#23
Y by
1 2 3 4 5 6
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BBBBBB
CCCCCC
DDDDDD
EEFFGG
HIJKLM

me when i try to do problems that look hard and end up being 2 minute constructs
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N Quick Reply
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a