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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
hard problem
Cobedangiu   11
N 10 minutes ago by ReticulatedPython
Let $a,b,c>0$ and $a+b+c=3$. Prove that:
$\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a} \le \dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3$
11 replies
Cobedangiu
Apr 21, 2025
ReticulatedPython
10 minutes ago
Romania NMO 2023 Grade 10 P1
DanDumitrescu   12
N 17 minutes ago by Maximilian113
Source: Romania National Olympiad 2023
Solve the following equation for real values of $x$:

\[
    2 \left( 5^x + 6^x - 3^x \right) = 7^x + 9^x.
    \]
12 replies
DanDumitrescu
Apr 14, 2023
Maximilian113
17 minutes ago
Arbitrary point on BC and its relation with orthocenter
falantrng   20
N 29 minutes ago by DeathIsAwe
Source: Balkan MO 2025 P2
In an acute-angled triangle \(ABC\), \(H\) be the orthocenter of it and \(D\) be any point on the side \(BC\). The points \(E, F\) are on the segments \(AB, AC\), respectively, such that the points \(A, B, D, F\) and \(A, C, D, E\) are cyclic. The segments \(BF\) and \(CE\) intersect at \(P.\) \(L\) is a point on \(HA\) such that \(LC\) is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle \(PBC\) at \(C.\) \(BH\) and \(CP\) intersect at \(X\). Prove that the points \(D, X, \) and \(L\) lie on the same line.

Proposed by Theoklitos Parayiou, Cyprus
20 replies
falantrng
Yesterday at 11:47 AM
DeathIsAwe
29 minutes ago
2020 EGMO P2: Sum inequality with permutations
alifenix-   27
N an hour ago by Maximilian113
Source: 2020 EGMO P2
Find all lists $(x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_{2020})$ of non-negative real numbers such that the following three conditions are all satisfied:

[list]
[*] $x_1 \le x_2 \le \ldots \le x_{2020}$;
[*] $x_{2020} \le x_1  + 1$;
[*] there is a permutation $(y_1, y_2, \ldots, y_{2020})$ of $(x_1, x_2, \ldots, x_{2020})$ such that $$\sum_{i = 1}^{2020} ((x_i + 1)(y_i + 1))^2 = 8 \sum_{i = 1}^{2020} x_i^3.$$[/list]

A permutation of a list is a list of the same length, with the same entries, but the entries are allowed to be in any order. For example, $(2, 1, 2)$ is a permutation of $(1, 2, 2)$, and they are both permutations of $(2, 2, 1)$. Note that any list is a permutation of itself.
27 replies
alifenix-
Apr 18, 2020
Maximilian113
an hour ago
D1021 : Does this series converge?
Dattier   1
N Today at 7:57 AM by Dattier
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Is this series $\sum \limits_{k\geq 1} \dfrac{\ln(1+\sin(k))} k$ converge?
1 reply
Dattier
Apr 26, 2025
Dattier
Today at 7:57 AM
2022 Putnam B1
giginori   26
N Today at 7:31 AM by ihategeo_1969
Suppose that $P(x)=a_1x+a_2x^2+\ldots+a_nx^n$ is a polynomial with integer coefficients, with $a_1$ odd. Suppose that $e^{P(x)}=b_0+b_1x+b_2x^2+\ldots$ for all $x.$ Prove that $b_k$ is nonzero for all $k \geq 0.$
26 replies
giginori
Dec 4, 2022
ihategeo_1969
Today at 7:31 AM
Combinatorial Sum
P162008   0
Today at 2:18 AM
Source: Friend
For non negative integers $q$ and $s$ define

$\binom{q}{s} = \Biggl\{ 0,$ if $q < s$ & $\frac{q!}{s!(q - s)!},$ if $ q \geqslant s$

Define a polynomial $f(x,r)$ for a positive integer r, such that

$f(x,r) = \sum_{i=0}^{r} \binom{n}{i} \binom{m}{r-i} x^i$ where $r,m$ and $n$ are positive integers.

It is given that

$\frac{\left(\prod_{i=0}^{r}\left(\prod_{j=1}^{n+i} j\right)^{r-i+1}\right). f(1,r)}{(n!)^{r+1} \left(\prod_{i=1}^{r}\left(\prod_{j=1}^{i} j\right)\right)} = \left(\sum_{p=0}^{r} \binom{n+p}{p}\right)\left(\sum_{k=0}^{r} \binom{n+k}{k}\right)$

Then, $m$ and $n$ respectively can be

$(a) 2022,2023$

$(b) 2023,2024$

$(c) 2023,2022$

$(d) 2021,2023$
0 replies
P162008
Today at 2:18 AM
0 replies
Triple Sum
P162008   1
N Yesterday at 10:09 PM by ysharifi
Evaluate $\Omega = \sum_{k=1}^{\infty} \sum_{n=k}^{\infty} \sum_{m=1}^{n} \frac{1}{n(n+1)(n+2)km^2}$
1 reply
P162008
Apr 26, 2025
ysharifi
Yesterday at 10:09 PM
Ineq integral
wer   1
N Yesterday at 8:21 PM by wer
Key $f:[0,1]->R$ one function diferențiale whirt $f'$ integable and $f(f(x))=x$ ,$f(1)=0$.Prove rhat :$8(\int_{0}^{1}\frac{x}{f'(x)}dx)^3$l$\ge 9  $$(\int_{0}^{1}\frac{x^2}{f'(x)}dx)^2$
1 reply
wer
Saturday at 7:42 PM
wer
Yesterday at 8:21 PM
Putnam 2019 A2
djmathman   18
N Yesterday at 7:55 PM by zhoujef000
In the triangle $\triangle ABC$, let $G$ be the centroid, and let $I$ be the center of the inscribed circle.  Let $\alpha$ and $\beta$ be the angles at the vertices $A$ and $B$, respectively.  Suppose that the segment $IG$ is parallel to $AB$ and that $\beta = 2\tan^{-1}(1/3)$.  Find $\alpha$.
18 replies
djmathman
Dec 10, 2019
zhoujef000
Yesterday at 7:55 PM
f'(1)>1 implies f has a fixed point in (0,1)
Sayan   13
N Yesterday at 7:12 PM by Apple_maths60
Source: ISI(BS) 2010 #4
A real valued function $f$ is defined on the interval $(-1,2)$. A point $x_0$ is said to be a fixed point of $f$ if $f(x_0)=x_0$. Suppose that $f$ is a differentiable function such that $f(0)>0$ and $f(1)=1$. Show that if $f'(1)>1$, then $f$ has a fixed point in the interval $(0,1)$.
13 replies
Sayan
May 17, 2012
Apple_maths60
Yesterday at 7:12 PM
Putnam 2019 A1
awesomemathlete   32
N Yesterday at 5:10 PM by joshualiu315
Source: 2019 William Lowell Putnam Competition
Determine all possible values of $A^3+B^3+C^3-3ABC$ where $A$, $B$, and $C$ are nonnegative integers.
32 replies
awesomemathlete
Dec 10, 2019
joshualiu315
Yesterday at 5:10 PM
VJIMC 2019 P1
XbenX   7
N Yesterday at 4:27 PM by Bigtaitus
Source: VJIMC 2019
Let $\{a_n \}_{n=0}^{\infty}$ be a sequence given recrusively such that $a_0=1$ and $$a_{n+1}=\frac{7a_n+\sqrt{45a_n^2-36}}{2}$$for $n\geq 0$

Show that :
a) $a_n$ is a positive integer.
b) $a_n a_{n+1}-1$ is a square of an integer.

Proposed by Stefan Gyurki (Matej Bel University, Banska Bystrica).
7 replies
XbenX
Mar 29, 2019
Bigtaitus
Yesterday at 4:27 PM
Putnam 1960 A1
sqrtX   2
N Yesterday at 4:25 PM by Namisgood
Source: Putnam 1960
Let $n$ be a given positive integer. How many solutions are there in ordered positive integer pairs $(x,y)$ to the equation
$$\frac{xy}{x+y}=n?$$
2 replies
sqrtX
Jun 11, 2022
Namisgood
Yesterday at 4:25 PM
Supplementary angles
socrates   4
N Sep 11, 2015 by anantmudgal09
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB \ne  AC$ and $ I$ its incenter. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $BC$ and $D$ the projection of $I$ on $BC.$ The line $AI$ intersects the circle with center $M$ and radius $MD$ at $P$ and $Q.$ Prove that $\angle BAC + \angle PMQ  = 180^{\circ}.$
4 replies
socrates
May 29, 2015
anantmudgal09
Sep 11, 2015
Supplementary angles
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socrates
2105 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by henderson, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with $AB \ne  AC$ and $ I$ its incenter. Let $M$ be the midpoint of the side $BC$ and $D$ the projection of $I$ on $BC.$ The line $AI$ intersects the circle with center $M$ and radius $MD$ at $P$ and $Q.$ Prove that $\angle BAC + \angle PMQ  = 180^{\circ}.$
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andria
824 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Assume that $AB<AC$ Call the circle with radius $M$ and radius $MD$; $W$. let $W\cap BC=E, D$ obviously $E$ is tangency point of A_excircle with $BC$. Let $S, T$ feet of $B, C$ on $AI$ note that $ ISDB, IBI_AC$ and $ CTI_A$ are cyclic so $\angle SDC=\angle SIB=\angle I_ACB=\angle ETS$ so $ SDTE$ is cyclic and $\{ P, Q\}=\{ S, T\}$ note that $\angle PMQ=2(\angle PEQ)=2(\angle PEB+\angle QEB)=2(\angle AI_AB+\angle AI_AC)=2\angle BI_AC=180-\angle BAC$.
DONE
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Gryphos
1702 posts
#3 • 3 Y
Y by tranquanghuy7198, Adventure10, Mango247
Another Solution: Again $AB<AC$. It is enough to show that $PM \parallel AC$, then analogously $QM \parallel AB$, and we get $\angle PMQ = \angle PMD+ \angle DMQ = \gamma + \beta = 180^\circ - \alpha$.
Let $K=AI \cap BC$. We want that $\frac{KM}{KC}=\frac{PM}{AC}$. We easily calculate $KM=\frac{ab}{b+c}-\frac{a}{2}$, $KC=\frac{ab}{b+c}$ and $PM=DM=\frac{b-c}{2}$. Now it ist straightforward that the assertion is true.
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jayme
9787 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Dear Mathlinkers,
the circle W is also a Morel's circle in a general case...
See

http://jl.ayme.pagesperso-orange.fr/Docs/Feuerbach.pdf p. 3 and 5

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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anantmudgal09
1980 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
This is essentially the same as USA TST 2015 #1 by Evan Chen. :)
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