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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

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[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
6 variable inequality
ChuongTk17   3
N 32 minutes ago by ChuongTk17
Source: Own
Given real numbers a,b,c,d,e,f in the interval [-1;1] and positive x,y,z,t such that $$2xya+2xzb+2xtc+2yzd+2yte+2ztf=x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2$$. Prove that: $$a+b+c+d+e+f \leq 2$$
3 replies
ChuongTk17
Nov 29, 2024
ChuongTk17
32 minutes ago
Arbitrary point on BC and its relation with orthocenter
falantrng   25
N 44 minutes ago by EeEeRUT
Source: Balkan MO 2025 P2
In an acute-angled triangle \(ABC\), \(H\) be the orthocenter of it and \(D\) be any point on the side \(BC\). The points \(E, F\) are on the segments \(AB, AC\), respectively, such that the points \(A, B, D, F\) and \(A, C, D, E\) are cyclic. The segments \(BF\) and \(CE\) intersect at \(P.\) \(L\) is a point on \(HA\) such that \(LC\) is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle \(PBC\) at \(C.\) \(BH\) and \(CP\) intersect at \(X\). Prove that the points \(D, X, \) and \(L\) lie on the same line.

Proposed by Theoklitos Parayiou, Cyprus
25 replies
falantrng
Apr 27, 2025
EeEeRUT
44 minutes ago
Hard inequality
JK1603JK   2
N an hour ago by arqady
Source: unknown?
Let $a,b,c\in R: abc\neq 0$ and $a+b+c=0$ then prove $$|\frac{a-b}{c}|+|\frac{b-c}{a}|+|\frac{c-a}{b}|\ge 6$$
2 replies
JK1603JK
2 hours ago
arqady
an hour ago
BMO 2024 SL A5
MuradSafarli   2
N an hour ago by ja.


Let \(\mathbb{R}^+ = (0, \infty)\) be the set of positive real numbers.
Find all non-negative real numbers \(c \geq 0\) such that there exists a function \(f : \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+\) with the property:
\[
f(y^2f(x) + y + c) = xf(x+y^2)
\]for all \(x, y \in \mathbb{R}^+\).

2 replies
MuradSafarli
Apr 27, 2025
ja.
an hour ago
Something nice
KhuongTrang   29
N an hour ago by arqady
Source: own
Problem. Given $a,b,c$ be non-negative real numbers such that $ab+bc+ca=1.$ Prove that

$$\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+1}\le 1+2\sqrt{a+b+c+abc}.$$
29 replies
KhuongTrang
Nov 1, 2023
arqady
an hour ago
hard problem
Cobedangiu   15
N 2 hours ago by arqady
Let $a,b,c>0$ and $a+b+c=3$. Prove that:
$\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a} \le \dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3$
15 replies
Cobedangiu
Apr 21, 2025
arqady
2 hours ago
One on reals
Rushil   30
N 2 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: INMO 2001 Problem 3
If $a,b,c$ are positive real numbers such that $abc= 1$, Prove that \[ a^{b+c} b^{c+a} c^{a+b} \leq 1 . \]
30 replies
Rushil
Oct 10, 2005
Maximilian113
2 hours ago
Bounding is hard
whatshisbucket   20
N 2 hours ago by torch
Source: ELMO 2018 #5, 2018 ELMO SL A2
Let $a_1,a_2,\dots,a_m$ be a finite sequence of positive integers. Prove that there exist nonnegative integers $b,c,$ and $N$ such that $$\left\lfloor \sum_{i=1}^m \sqrt{n+a_i} \right\rfloor =\left\lfloor \sqrt{bn+c} \right\rfloor$$holds for all integers $n>N.$

Proposed by Carl Schildkraut
20 replies
whatshisbucket
Jun 28, 2018
torch
2 hours ago
Yet another domino problem
juckter   14
N 3 hours ago by math-olympiad-clown
Source: EGMO 2019 Problem 2
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Dominoes are placed on a $2n \times 2n$ board in such a way that every cell of the board is adjacent to exactly one cell covered by a domino. For each $n$, determine the largest number of dominoes that can be placed in this way.
(A domino is a tile of size $2 \times 1$ or $1 \times 2$. Dominoes are placed on the board in such a way that each domino covers exactly two cells of the board, and dominoes do not overlap. Two cells are said to be adjacent if they are different and share a common side.)
14 replies
juckter
Apr 9, 2019
math-olympiad-clown
3 hours ago
BMO 2024 SL A3
MuradSafarli   6
N 3 hours ago by quacksaysduck

A3.
Find all triples \((a, b, c)\) of positive real numbers that satisfy the system:
\[
\begin{aligned}
11bc - 36b - 15c &= abc \\
12ca - 10c - 28a &= abc \\
13ab - 21a - 6b &= abc.
\end{aligned}
\]
6 replies
MuradSafarli
Apr 27, 2025
quacksaysduck
3 hours ago
BMO 2024 SL A1
MuradSafarli   8
N 3 hours ago by ja.
A1.

Let \( u, v, w \) be positive reals. Prove that there is a cyclic permutation \( (x, y, z) \) of \( (u, v, w) \) such that the inequality:

\[
\frac{a}{xa + yb + zc} + \frac{b}{xb + yc + za} + \frac{c}{xc + ya + zb} \geq \frac{3}{x + y + z}
\]
holds for all positive real numbers \( a, b \) and \( c \).
8 replies
MuradSafarli
Apr 27, 2025
ja.
3 hours ago
Medium geometry with AH diameter circle
v_Enhance   94
N 4 hours ago by alexanderchew
Source: USA TSTST 2016 Problem 2, by Evan Chen
Let $ABC$ be a scalene triangle with orthocenter $H$ and circumcenter $O$. Denote by $M$, $N$ the midpoints of $\overline{AH}$, $\overline{BC}$. Suppose the circle $\gamma$ with diameter $\overline{AH}$ meets the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $G \neq A$, and meets line $AN$ at a point $Q \neq A$. The tangent to $\gamma$ at $G$ meets line $OM$ at $P$. Show that the circumcircles of $\triangle GNQ$ and $\triangle MBC$ intersect at a point $T$ on $\overline{PN}$.

Proposed by Evan Chen
94 replies
v_Enhance
Jun 28, 2016
alexanderchew
4 hours ago
problem interesting
Cobedangiu   7
N 4 hours ago by vincentwant
Let $a=3k^2+3k+1 (a,k \in N)$
$i)$ Prove that: $a^2$ is the sum of $3$ square numbers
$ii)$ Let $b \vdots a$ and $b$ is the sum of $3$ square numbers. Prove that: $b^n$ is the sum of $3$ square numbers
7 replies
Cobedangiu
Yesterday at 5:06 AM
vincentwant
4 hours ago
another problem
kjhgyuio   1
N 4 hours ago by lpieleanu
........
1 reply
kjhgyuio
5 hours ago
lpieleanu
4 hours ago
Perpendicular lines CM and BF in orthocenter configuration
plagueis   22
N Sep 10, 2023 by IAmTheHazard
Source: Mexico National Olympiad 2019 Problem 2
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of acute-angled triangle $ABC$ and $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Line $BH$ cuts $AC$ at $D$. Consider point $E$ such that $BC$ is the perpendicular bisector of $DE$. Segments $CM$ and $AE$ intersect at $F$. Show that $BF$ is perpendicular to $CM$.

Proposed by Germán Puga
22 replies
plagueis
Nov 12, 2019
IAmTheHazard
Sep 10, 2023
Perpendicular lines CM and BF in orthocenter configuration
G H J
Source: Mexico National Olympiad 2019 Problem 2
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plagueis
157 posts
#1 • 5 Y
Y by Pluto1708, GammaBetaAlpha, itslumi, Adventure10, Rounak_iitr
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of acute-angled triangle $ABC$ and $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Line $BH$ cuts $AC$ at $D$. Consider point $E$ such that $BC$ is the perpendicular bisector of $DE$. Segments $CM$ and $AE$ intersect at $F$. Show that $BF$ is perpendicular to $CM$.

Proposed by Germán Puga
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by plagueis, May 27, 2020, 7:12 AM
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Pluto1708
1107 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by ShinyDitto, GammaBetaAlpha, Adventure10
Let $A'$ be reflection of $A$ wrt $BC$ and $T$ be foot of altitude from $A$ to $BC$.Then \[AM\cdot AA'=\tfrac{AH}{2}\cdot 2\cdot AT=AH\cdot AT=AD\cdot AC\].Hence $\odot{MDA'C}$ is cylic.Also clearly $\odot{ADEA'}$ is a cylic trapezium.Thus \[\angle{FCD}=\angle{MCD}=\angle{MA'D}=\angle{AED}=\angle{FED}\].Hence $\odot{FDEC}$ is cylic.Hence $F\in \odot{BCDE}$.Thus $\angle{BFC}=\angle{BDC}=90^{\circ}$ as desired.$\blacksquare$
[asy]
import olympiad;
import geometry;
size(10cm);
pair O=origin;
pair A,B,C,D,E,T,AT,H,M,K,F;
A=dir(110);
B=dir(210);
C=dir(330);
D=foot(B,A,C);
T=foot(A,B,C);
AT=2*T-A;
H=orthocenter(A,B,C);
M=(A+H)/2;
K=foot(D,B,C);
E=2*K-D;
dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^E^^H^^AT^^T^^M);
draw("$A$",A,N);
draw("$B$",B,W);
draw("$C$",C,NE);
draw("$D$",D,NE);
draw("$E$",E,SW);
draw("$T$",T,NE);
draw("$H$",H,NE);
draw("$M$",M,NE);
draw("$A'$",AT,SW);
draw(segment(A,AT));
draw(circumcircle(A,B,C));
draw(circumcircle(B,D,C));
draw(circumcircle(M,D,C),dashed);
draw(circumcircle(A,D,E),dashed);
draw(A--B--C--A);
[/asy]
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Pluto1708, Jan 30, 2020, 6:22 PM
Z K Y
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GeoMetrix
924 posts
#3 • 6 Y
Y by amar_04, RAMUGAUSS, Polipo2704, Adventure10, Mango247, Rounak_iitr
Nice problem
projective overkill
Some other nice properties in the configuration.
Property 1: wrote:
$BP,CI,AO$ are concurrent.

Proof:(by amar_04) $M$ is the centre of $\odot (ADHI)$. Brokard on $ADHI$ gives the desired result.$\square$
Property 2: wrote:
$\overline{I-O-E}$ collinear.

Proof: Just the fact that $DC=CE$ along with some trivial angle chase.$\square$.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by GeoMetrix, Nov 13, 2019, 12:40 AM
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RAMUGAUSS
331 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let AE intersect the circumcircle of BDC at X.
Notice that BX is perpendicular to CX. Now if we prove CX intersect AH at M. Then we are done.
Let say the feet of C-altitude on AB be K.
Claim-(K,D;X,C) is harmonic
Project (K,D;X,C) through E on AH. Let say EC intersect AH at T. K maps to L, where L is the feet of A-altitude on BC, X maps to A, D maps to point at infinite, and C maps to T, and clearly AL=LT. So (K,D;X,C)=-1
Now project (K,D;X,C) Through C on AH.
D maps to A, K maps to H, C maps to point at infinity, and X maps to Y, the because of harmonic AY=HY, so Y coincide with M. So done
Z K Y
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neyft
58 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Is this correct? Let $(ADM)$ intersect $CM$ at $F'$. Note that $F'DCB$ is cyclic.$MD$ is tangent to $(DBC)$. Hence, $\angle{DCM}=\angle{F'DM}=\angle{F'AM}$. Let $Y$ be the orthogonal projection of $D$ onto $BC$. Extend $AF'$ and $DE$ till they meet each other at $E'$. It is $\angle{DE'F'}=\angle{F'AM}=\angle{DCM}$. Hence, $E'$ $\in (DF'BC)$. Note though that $E \in (DF'BC)$ too and they both belong on $DY$. Hence, $E'=E$ $\Rightarrow$ $F'=F$. Done.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by neyft, Nov 12, 2019, 11:47 PM
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Al3jandro0000
804 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
neyft wrote:
Is this correct? Let $(ADM)$ intersect $CM$ at $F'$. Note that $F'DCB$ is cyclic.$MD$ is tangent to $(DBC)$. Hence, $\angle{DCM}=\angle{F'DM}=\angle{F'AM}$. Let $Y$ be the orthogonal projection of $D$ onto $BC$. Extend $AF'$ and $DE$ till they meet each other at $E'$. It is $\angle{DE'F'}=\angle{F'AM}=\angle{DCM}$. Hence, $E'$ $\in (DF'BC)$. Note though that $E \in (DF'BC)$ too and they both belong on $DY$. Hence, $E'=E$ $\Rightarrow$ $F'=F$. Done.

It's correct. But I think you might do justifications about your arguments...
Z K Y
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MarkBcc168
1595 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by Jupiter_is_BIG, Adventure10
The point naming is weird. Let me change it.
Quote:
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$ and $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Let $E=BH\cap AC$ and $E'$ be the reflection of $E$ across $BC$. If $P = CM\cap AE'$, prove that $BP\perp CM$.

Redefine $P$ as the intersection of $AE'$ and $\odot(BC)$. Let $F$ be the foot of altitude from $C$ to $AB$. Then we have
$$-1 = (BC;EE') \stackrel{A}{=} (EF;CP) \stackrel{C}{=} (AH;\infty M')$$where $M'=CP\cap AH$. Thus $M'=M$ so $C,P,M$ are colinear as desired.
Z K Y
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Al3jandro0000
804 posts
#8 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
MarkBcc168 wrote:
The point naming is weird. Let me change it.
Quote:
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$ and $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Let $E=BH\cap AC$ and $E'$ be the reflection of $E$ across $BC$. If $P = CM\cap AE'$, prove that $BP\perp CM$.

Redefine $P$ as the intersection of $AE'$ and $\odot(BC)$. Let $F$ be the foot of altitude from $C$ to $AB$. Then we have
$$-1 = (BC;EE') \stackrel{A}{=} (EF;CP) \stackrel{C}{=} (AH;\infty M')$$where $M'=CP\cap AH$. Thus $M'=M$ so $C,P,M$ are colinear as desired.

$FCEE'$ is the harmonic.

$$-1 = (FC;EE') \stackrel{A}{=} (FE;CP) \stackrel{C}{=} (HA;\infty M')$$
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ShinyDitto
63 posts
#9 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
$AH$ and $DE$ are both perpendicular to $BC$, which implies $\angle HAC = \angle EDC$. Also $CD=CE$ and $MA=MD$ which leads to: \[DAM \sim DEC \implies DAE \sim DMC \implies \angle AED = \angle MCD \implies FDCE \text{ is cyclic} \implies BF \perp CM. \]
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Solution
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jbaca
225 posts
#12 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Solution. Let $\varphi$ the inversion centered at $A$ with radius $\sqrt{AD\cdot AC}$. Because $BDCE$ is cyclic with diameter $\overline{BC}$, we prove that $\varphi(F)=E$, which clearly suffices.
Let $M'$ be the reflection of $M$ across $BC$. Since $$\angle MDA=\angle MAD=\angle M'AC=\angle CM'A$$we have $\bigtriangleup AMD\sim\bigtriangleup ACM'$, thus $\varphi(CM)= (ADM')$. By symmetry, $E$ lies on $(ADM')$. Moreover, $AF$ coincides with its image, so $E=(ADM')\cap \overline{AF}=\varphi(F)$, as required.
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BadNick
86 posts
#13 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Well, he asks to prove that the green line makes an angle of 90 ° c the red line.

first extends CM until it touches AB at point A '.

as H is the orthocenter, CH when touching the AB side forms a 90 ° angle with it.

thus we draw A'K ', being perpendicular to BC.

So, to prove that m <BFC is 90 °, just use the tactics for orthocenter demonstration.

thus, we will start using quadrilateros inscritiveis (I denote "#" to represent quadrilaterals):

we see that # JK'CA 'is inscribable, because m <CK'A' = m <CJA ', because they are looking at the same arc of circumference.

if we denote the smallest angle measurement in A 'of alpha, we fear that the angle measurement JCA' is 90-alpha, because m <CJA '= 90 °.

thus, since # JK'CA 'is inscribable, m <JCA' = m <JK'A '= 90-alpha.

denoting the meeting of A'K 'and CJ of H', we now look at # JBK'H ', which is also inscribable, as the opposite angles are supplementary (in this case 90 and 90).

therefore, m <JK'H '= m <JBH' = 90-alpha.

Now we look at the triangle A'BF, if the angle at A 'is alpha and the angle at B is 90-alpha, we have left that the angle at F must be 90 °, cqd
Attachments:
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GammaBetaAlpha
464 posts
#14 • 3 Y
Y by Pluto1708, Adventure10, Mango247
Pluto1708 wrote:
Let $A'$ be reflection of $A$ wrt $BC$ and $T$ be foot of altitude from $A$ to $BC$.Then \[AM\cdot AA'=\tfrac{AH}{2}\cdot 2\cdot AT=AH\cdot AT=AD\cdot AC\].Hence $\odot{MDA'C}$ is cylic.Also clearly $\odot{ADEA'}$ is a cylic trapezium.Thus \[\angle{FCD}=\angle{MCD}=\angle{MA'D}=\angle{AED}=\angle{FED}\].Hence $\odot{FDEC}$ is cylic.Hence $F\in \odot{BCDE}$.Thus $\angle{BFC}=\angle{BDC}=90^{\circ}$ as desired.$\blacksquare$
[asy]
import olympiad;
import geometry;
size(10cm);
pair O=origin;
pair A,B,C,D,E,T,AT,H,M,K,F;
A=dir(110);
B=dir(210);
C=dir(330);
D=foot(B,A,C);
T=foot(A,B,C);
AT=2*T-A;
H=orthocenter(A,B,C);
M=(A+H)/2;
K=foot(D,B,C);
E=2*K-D;
dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^E^^H^^AT^^T^^M);
draw("$A$",A,N);
draw("$B$",B,W);
draw("$C$",C,NE);
draw("$D$",D,NE);
draw("$E$",E,SW);
draw("$T$",T,NE);
draw("$H$",H,NE);
draw("$M$",M,NE);
draw("$A'$",AT,SW);
draw(segment(A,AT));
draw(circumcircle(A,B,C));
draw(circumcircle(B,D,C));
draw(circumcircle(M,D,C),dashed);
draw(circumcircle(A,D,E),dashed);
draw(A--B--C--A);
[/asy]

Excellent construction
I did a complex bash to this problem
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by GammaBetaAlpha, Jan 14, 2020, 2:45 PM
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mmathss
282 posts
#15 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
I guess this solution is not posted yet...
Let $X$ be a point on $CM$ such that $BMDC$ is cyclic,we intend to show that $X=F$
We prove that power of $M$ w.r.t.$(BXDC)$ is $MA^2$
Since.Let $N$ be the midpoint of $BC$.We have $MN=2R_{N_9}=R$ therefore $NM^2-NC^2=R^2\times (1-cos^2A)=R^2sin^2A= AM^2$
Thus $MA^2=MX\times MC\Rightarrow \angle MAX=\angle MCA=\angle MCD=\angle XCD=\angle XED$
Since $AM\parallel DE$ we definitely have $A,X,E$ collinear thus $X=F$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by mmathss, Jan 14, 2020, 3:45 PM
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MathDelicacy12
33 posts
#16 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
plagueis wrote:
Let $H$ be the orthocenter of acute-angled triangle $ABC$ and $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$. Line $BH$ cuts $AC$ at $D$. Consider point $E$ such that $BC$ is the perpendicular bisector of $DE$. Segments $CM$ and $AE$ intersect at $F$. Show that $BF$ is perpendicular to $CM$.

Let $AF \cap AC = F’$. Note that $\measuredangle{DFA}$ is bisected by $FM$. So it is enough to prove that $BF$ bisects $\measuredangle{DFA}$ which is equivalent to proving that $(A,F’;D,C) = -1$. This follows easily from $-1 = (E,B;D,C) \stackrel{F}{=} (A,F’;D,C)$ $\blacksquare$.
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AopsUser101
1750 posts
#19 • 2 Y
Y by v4913, Adventure10
This is wrong...why?
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by AopsUser101, Feb 20, 2020, 4:57 PM
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itslumi
284 posts
#20
Y by
There exist a solution involving HM-point.


P.S I am to lazy to post it
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Quisha
1 post
#21
Y by
Please remove this post.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Quisha, Aug 2, 2020, 8:34 PM
Reason: Please remove this post
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conejita
242 posts
#22
Y by
A different solution.

Let $F'$ be a point in $CM$ such that $BF' \perp CM$. We need to show that $A, F'$ and $E$ are collinear (implying that $F'=F$).

Let $\ell$ be the perpendicular line to $AB$ through $A$. Let $X, Y$ be the intersections of $\ell$ with $EC$ and $CM$, respectively. Since both $XA$ and $CH$ are orthogonal to $AB$, then $XY||CH$. Moreover, since $M$ is midpoint of $AH$, then $AYHC$ is a parallelogram. Thus, $CA||HY$.
Now, by simple angle chasing $\angle YHD = \angle YHA + \angle AHD = (90 - \angle C) + \angle C = 90$. Therefore, $AHBY$ is cyclic and $\angle XYB = \angle C$. Since $\angle BCX = 180 - \angle C$, then $BCXY$ is cyclic.
Finally, note that $A, F', E$ belong to a Simson line (perpendicular feet from $B$ to sides of triangle $CXY$), which concludes the proof.
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Mahdi_Mashayekhi
695 posts
#23
Y by
Note that MA = MD and CD = CE and ∠DMA = 180 - 2∠MAD = 180 - 2∠CDE = ∠DCE so AMD and DCE are similar so DAE and DCM are similar.
∠DCM = ∠DCF = ∠DEA = ∠DEF so DCEF is cyclic, we also know DCEB is cyclic so DCBF is cyclic and ∠BFC = ∠90.
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Tafi_ak
309 posts
#24
Y by
Let $J$ be the center of $(BCD)$. Notice that $E$ lies on $(BCD)$ because $BC$ is the perpendicular bisector or $DE$. Let $F'=AE\cap (BCD)$. It is well known that $JD$ is tangent to $(ADH)$, so $MD$ is also tangent to $(BCD)$. Then \[ \angle MAF=\angle MAE=\angle AED=\angle F'ED=\angle F'CD=\angle F'DM \]which means $AMF'D$ is cyclic. So $\angle CF'D=90^\circ-\angle C=\angle MAD$. That menas $C,F',M$ are collinear. So $F'\equiv F$.
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CrazyInMath
457 posts
#25
Y by
$\measuredangle MAD=\measuredangle (BC,AD)+90^{\circ}=\measuredangle (ED,AD)=\measuredangle EDC$, so $\triangle MAD\sim\triangle CDE$, so $\triangle DAE\sim\triangle DMC$.
Now we have $\measuredangle DCF=\measuredangle DCM=\measuredangle DEA=\measuredangle DEF$ so $DECF$ is cyclic and $B$ lies on $\odot(CDE)$, so $DBECF$ is cyclic and $\measuredangle BFC=\measuredangle BDC=90^{\circ}$.
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IAmTheHazard
5001 posts
#26 • 1 Y
Y by centslordm
Let $F'=\overline{CM} \cap (BCDE)$. Since $\measuredangle MF'D=\measuredangle CF'D=\measuredangle CBD=\measuredangle MAD$, $AMDF'$ is cyclic. Then,
$$\measuredangle DFM=\measuredangle DFE \iff \measuredangle DMA=\measuredangle DCE \impliedby \measuredangle MAD=\measuredangle EDC$$since $MA=MD$ and $CD=CE$, so $F'$ lies on $\overline{AE}$ as well, i.e. $F=F'$. Then $\angle BFC=\angle BDC=90^\circ$, so we're done. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by IAmTheHazard, Sep 10, 2023, 7:04 PM
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