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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
EGMO magic square
Lukaluce   15
N an hour ago by Assassino9931
Source: EGMO 2025 P6
In each cell of a $2025 \times 2025$ board, a nonnegative real number is written in such a way that the sum of the numbers in each row is equal to $1$, and the sum of the numbers in each column is equal to $1$. Define $r_i$ to be the largest value in row $i$, and let $R = r_1 + r_2 + ... + r_{2025}$. Similarly, define $c_i$ to be the largest value in column $i$, and let $C = c_1 + c_2 + ... + c_{2025}$.
What is the largest possible value of $\frac{R}{C}$?

Proposed by Paulius Aleknavičius, Lithuania
15 replies
Lukaluce
Monday at 11:03 AM
Assassino9931
an hour ago
Ant wanna come to A
Rohit-2006   2
N an hour ago by zhaoli
An insect starts from $A$ and in $10$ steps and has to reach $A$ again. But in between one of the s steps and can't go $A$. Find probability. For example $ABCDCDEDEA$ is valid but $ABCDEDEDEA$ is not valid.
2 replies
1 viewing
Rohit-2006
Yesterday at 6:47 PM
zhaoli
an hour ago
Sum of squared areas of polyhedron's faces...
Miquel-point   2
N an hour ago by buratinogigle
Source: KoMaL B. 5453
The faces of a convex polyhedron are quadrilaterals $ABCD$, $ABFE$, $CDHG$, $ADHE$ and $EFGH$ according to the diagram. The edges from points $A$ and $G$, respectively are pairwise perpendicular. Prove that \[[ABCD]^2+[ABFE]^2+[ADHE]^2=[BCGF]^2+[CDHG]^2+[EFGH]^2,\]where $[XYZW]$ denotes the area of quadrilateral $XYZW$.

Proposed by Géza Kós, Budapest
2 replies
Miquel-point
Monday at 5:44 PM
buratinogigle
an hour ago
IMO 2014 Problem 4
ipaper   168
N 2 hours ago by Bonime
Let $P$ and $Q$ be on segment $BC$ of an acute triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle PAB=\angle BCA$ and $\angle CAQ=\angle ABC$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the points on $AP$ and $AQ$, respectively, such that $P$ is the midpoint of $AM$ and $Q$ is the midpoint of $AN$. Prove that the intersection of $BM$ and $CN$ is on the circumference of triangle $ABC$.

Proposed by Giorgi Arabidze, Georgia.
168 replies
ipaper
Jul 9, 2014
Bonime
2 hours ago
Angle oriented geometry
Problems_eater   0
4 hours ago
Let $A, B, C,D$ be four distinct points in the plane.
Which of the following statements, expressed using oriented angles, are always true?

1.If lines $AB$ and $CD$ are distinct and parallel, then
the oriented angle $ABC$ is equal to the oriented angle DCB.

2.If $B$ lies on the segment $AC$, then
the oriented angle $DBA$ plus the oriented angle $DBC $equals $180°$.

3.If the oriented angle$ ABC$ plus the oriented angle $BCD$ equals 0°, then
lines $AB $and $CD$ are parallel.

4.If the oriented angle $ABC$ plus the oriented angle $BCD$ equals $180°$, then
lines $AB$ and $CD$are parallel.
0 replies
Problems_eater
4 hours ago
0 replies
how many quadrilaterals ?
Ecrin_eren   6
N Yesterday at 5:31 PM by mathprodigy2011
"All the diagonals of an 11-gon are drawn. How many quadrilaterals can be formed using these diagonals as sides? (The vertices of the quadrilaterals are selected from the vertices of the 11-gon.)"
6 replies
Ecrin_eren
Apr 13, 2025
mathprodigy2011
Yesterday at 5:31 PM
Plane geometry problem with inequalities
ReticulatedPython   3
N Yesterday at 2:48 PM by vanstraelen
Let $A$ and $B$ be points on a plane such that $AB=1.$ Let $P$ be a point on that plane such that $$\frac{AP^2+BP^2}{(AP)(BP)}=3.$$Prove that $$AP \in \left[\frac{5-\sqrt{5}}{10}, \frac{-1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right] \cup \left[\frac{5+\sqrt{5}}{10}, \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\right].$$
Source: Own
3 replies
ReticulatedPython
Apr 10, 2025
vanstraelen
Yesterday at 2:48 PM
Inequalities
sqing   1
N Yesterday at 1:55 PM by sqing
Let $   a,b    $ be reals such that $  a^2-ab+b^2 =3$ . Prove that
$$  \frac{13}{ 10 }> \frac{1}{ a^2+1 }+ \frac{1}{ b^2+1 } \geq \frac{1}{ 2 }$$$$   \frac{6}{ 5 }>\frac{1}{ a^4+1 }+ \frac{1}{ b^4+1 } \geq   \frac{1}{ 5 }$$$$  \frac{1}{ a^6+1 }+ \frac{1}{ b^6+1 } \geq   \frac{1}{ 14 }$$
1 reply
sqing
Yesterday at 8:59 AM
sqing
Yesterday at 1:55 PM
idk12345678 Math Contest
idk12345678   21
N Yesterday at 1:25 PM by idk12345678
Welcome to the 1st idk12345678 Math Contest.
You have 4 hours. You do not have to prove your answers.
Post \signup username to sign up. Post your answers in a hide tag and I will tell you your score.*


The contest is attached to the post

Clarifications

*I mightve done them wrong feel free to ask about an answer
21 replies
idk12345678
Apr 10, 2025
idk12345678
Yesterday at 1:25 PM
purple comet math competition question
AVY2024   4
N Yesterday at 1:02 PM by K1mchi_
Given that (1 + tan 1)(1 + tan 2). . .(1 + tan 45) = 2n, find n
4 replies
AVY2024
Yesterday at 11:00 AM
K1mchi_
Yesterday at 1:02 PM
Inequalities
sqing   25
N Yesterday at 12:06 PM by sqing
Let $ a,b,c,d>0 $ and $(a+c)(b+d)=ac+\frac{3}{2}bd.$ Prove that
$$\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{d}{a}\geq \frac{20-\sqrt{10}}{3}$$Let $ a,b,c,d>0 $ and $(a+c)(b+d)=ac+\frac{4}{3}bd.$ Prove that
$$\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{d}+\frac{d}{a}\geq \frac{21-\sqrt{6}}{3}$$
25 replies
sqing
Dec 3, 2024
sqing
Yesterday at 12:06 PM
Polynomials
CuriousBabu   3
N Yesterday at 11:40 AM by osszhangbanvan
\[ 
\frac{(x+y+z)^5 - x^5 - y^5 - z^5}{(x+y)(y+z)(z+x)} = 0 
\]
Find the number of real solutions.
3 replies
CuriousBabu
Monday at 4:09 PM
osszhangbanvan
Yesterday at 11:40 AM
Combination
aria123   0
Yesterday at 10:59 AM
Prove that three squares of side length $4$ cannot completely cover a square of side length $5$, if the three smaller squares do not overlap in their interiors (i.e., they may touch at edges or corners, but no part of one lies over another).
0 replies
aria123
Yesterday at 10:59 AM
0 replies
Geo Mock #6
Bluesoul   3
N Yesterday at 3:16 AM by dudade
Consider triangle $ABC$ with $AB=5, BC=8, AC=7$, denote the incenter of the triangle as $I$. Extend $BI$ to meet the circumcircle of $\triangle{AIC}$ at $Q\neq I$, find the length of $QC$.
3 replies
Bluesoul
Apr 1, 2025
dudade
Yesterday at 3:16 AM
Concurrency of simso...
mathisreal   3
N May 9, 2022 by Humberto_Filho
Source: Brazil National Olympiad Junior 2021 #5
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle. Let $A_1$ be the midpoint of the arc $BC$ which contain the point $A$. Let $A_2$ and $A_3$ be the foot(s) of the perpendicular(s) of the point $A_1$ to the lines $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. Define $B_2,B_3,C_2,C_3$ analogously.
a) Prove that the line $A_2A_3$ cuts $BC$ in the midpoint.
b) Prove that the lines $A_2A_3,B_2B_3$ and $C_2C_3$ are concurrents.
3 replies
mathisreal
Feb 14, 2022
Humberto_Filho
May 9, 2022
Concurrency of simso...
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Source: Brazil National Olympiad Junior 2021 #5
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mathisreal
647 posts
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Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle. Let $A_1$ be the midpoint of the arc $BC$ which contain the point $A$. Let $A_2$ and $A_3$ be the foot(s) of the perpendicular(s) of the point $A_1$ to the lines $AB$ and $AC$, respectively. Define $B_2,B_3,C_2,C_3$ analogously.
a) Prove that the line $A_2A_3$ cuts $BC$ in the midpoint.
b) Prove that the lines $A_2A_3,B_2B_3$ and $C_2C_3$ are concurrents.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by mathisreal, Feb 14, 2022, 9:52 PM
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mathisreal
647 posts
#2
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Solution
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by mathisreal, Feb 15, 2022, 10:09 PM
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guptaamitu1
656 posts
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This problem was also Delta 8.3 of the book Lemmas in Olympiad Geometry.
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Humberto_Filho
37 posts
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I found a solution using Simson line and complex bash.

a)
$A_1$ lies on the circumcircle of ABC and $A_2$ and $A_3$ are the projections of this point to the sides of the triangle, $A_2 A_3$ is the simson line of the triangle ABC relative to verex A. So, It suffices to show that the projection of $A_1$ to the side BC meets the midpoint of BC. But this is clear, because we can work with complex numbers. Let A = A = $a^2$, B = $b^2$ , C = $c^2$ and $A_1$ is the well-known point $bc$.
Lemma : the complex foot of a point z into a chord AB is given by the formula $\frac{1}{2} * (z + a^2 + b^2 + ab \overline{z})$
So, lets compute using the complex numbers : $\frac{1}{2} * (bc + b^2 + c^2 - \frac{b^2 c^2}{bc}$ but this simplifies to $\frac{1}{2} * ( bc + b^2 + c^2 - bc)$, that is $\frac{1}{2}*(b^2 + c^2)$. But this point is well-known, the MIDPOINT OF BC. Doing similarly to the other points in the other sides, we can check this property.
b)
Now, the first thing you need to prove is that $\overline{A_2 A_3}$ is parallel to the internal bissector going trought A. This is proven checking if the angular coefficients of the lines are equal. The angular coefficient of the line ab is $\frac{a-b}{\overline{a} - \overline{b}}$
First doing the line $\overline{A_2 A3}$
$\frac{1}{2}*(bc + a^2 + c^2 - b^2 - a^2 c^2 \frac{1}{bc})$ - $\frac{1}{2}*(bc + a^2 + b^2 - a^2 b ^2 * \frac{1}{bc})$ Superior part of the fractions
$\frac{1}{2}*(\frac{1}{bc} + \frac{1}{a^2} +  \frac{1}{c^2} - \frac{bc}{a^2c^2}$) - $ \frac{1}{2}*(\frac{1}{bc} + \frac{1}{a^2} + \frac{1}{b^2)} - \frac{bc}{a^2 b^2}$ Inferior part of the fraction
=
eliminate the $\frac{1}{2}$ and do some simplifications.
=
$(c^2 - \frac{a^2 c}{b}) - (b^2 - \frac{a^2 b}{c})$ superior part of the fraction
$(\frac{1}{c^2} - \frac{b}{a^2 c}) - (\frac{1}{b^2} - \frac{c}{a^2 b})$ inferior part of the fraction
And this translates to :
$\frac{\frac{b c ^3 - a ^2 c ^2 - b ^3 c + a ^2 b^2}{bc}}{\frac{a^2 b^2 - b^3 c - a^2 c^2 + b c^3}{a^2 b^2 c^2}}$ . And this let us left with $a^2 b c$.

Now, we do the internal bissector of A, that gives us :
$\frac{a^2 + bc}{\frac{1}{a^2} + \frac{1}{bc}}$ that is $a^2 b c$ . So, the lines are indeed parallel.

Since the triangles $M_a M_b M_c$ are homothetic to the triangle ABC and their respective lines are parallel, the Simson lines meet themselves at the incenter of $M_a M_b M_c$, so the lines concurr.
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