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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

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[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
A geometry about a parallelogram ABCD
nAalniaOMliO   1
N 3 minutes ago by jrpartty
Source: Belarusian National Olympiad 2025
On the side $CD$ of parallelogram $ABCD$ a point $E$ is chosen. The perpendicular from $C$ to $BE$ and the perpendicular from $D$ to $AE$ intersect at $P$. Point $M$ is the midpoint of $PE$.
Prove that the perpendicular from $M$ to $CD$ passes through the center of parallelogram $ABCD$.
Matsvei Zorka
1 reply
1 viewing
nAalniaOMliO
Mar 28, 2025
jrpartty
3 minutes ago
NEPAL TST DAY 2 PROBLEM 2
Tony_stark0094   3
N 12 minutes ago by User_two
Kritesh manages traffic on a $45 \times 45$ grid consisting of 2025 unit squares. Within each unit square is a car, facing either up, down, left, or right. If the square in front of a car in the direction it is facing is empty, it can choose to move forward. Each car wishes to exit the $45 \times 45$ grid.

Kritesh realizes that it may not always be possible for all the cars to leave the grid. Therefore, before the process begins, he will remove $k$ cars from the $45 \times 45$ grid in such a way that it becomes possible for all the remaining cars to eventually exit the grid.

What is the minimum value of $k$ that guarantees that Kritesh's job is possible?
3 replies
Tony_stark0094
2 hours ago
User_two
12 minutes ago
Unusual Hexagon Geo
oVlad   1
N 18 minutes ago by kokcio
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P4
Let $ABCDEF$ be a convex hexagon, such that the triangles $ABC$ and $DEF$ are equilateral and the diagonals $AD, BE$ and $CF$ are concurrent. Prove that $AC\parallel DF$ or $BE=AD+CF.$
1 reply
oVlad
an hour ago
kokcio
18 minutes ago
JBMO Shortlist 2020 N1
Lukaluce   7
N 22 minutes ago by MATHS_ENTUSIAST
Source: JBMO Shortlist 2020
Determine whether there is a natural number $n$ for which $8^n + 47$ is prime.
7 replies
Lukaluce
Jul 4, 2021
MATHS_ENTUSIAST
22 minutes ago
Hard cyclic inequality
JK1603JK   2
N 30 minutes ago by arqady
Source: unknown
Prove that $$\frac{a-1}{\sqrt{b+1}}+\frac{b-1}{\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{c-1}{\sqrt{a+1}}\ge 0,\quad \forall a,b,c>0: a+b+c=3.$$
2 replies
JK1603JK
Today at 4:36 AM
arqady
30 minutes ago
Almost Squarefree Integers
oVlad   1
N 41 minutes ago by Tintarn
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P1
A positive integer $n\geqslant 3$ is almost squarefree if there exists a prime number $p\equiv 1\bmod 3$ such that $p^2\mid n$ and $n/p$ is squarefree. Prove that for any almost squarefree positive integer $n$ the ratio $2\sigma(n)/d(n)$ is an integer.
1 reply
oVlad
an hour ago
Tintarn
41 minutes ago
Obscure Set Problem
oVlad   0
an hour ago
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P5
Let $n\geqslant 3$ be a positive integer and $\mathcal F$ be a family of at most $n$ distinct subsets of the set $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with the following property: we can consider $n$ distinct points in the plane, labelled $1,2,\ldots,n$ and draw segments connecting these points such that points $i$ and $j$ are connected if and only if $i{}$ belongs to $j$ subsets in $\mathcal F$ for any $i\neq j.$ Determine the maximal value that the sum of the cardinalities of the subsets in $\mathcal{F}$ can take.
0 replies
oVlad
an hour ago
0 replies
Number Theory Chain!
JetFire008   29
N an hour ago by Primeniyazidayi
I will post a question and someone has to answer it. Then they have to post a question and someone else will answer it and so on. We can only post questions related to Number Theory and each problem should be more difficult than the previous. Let's start!

Question 1
29 replies
JetFire008
Apr 7, 2025
Primeniyazidayi
an hour ago
Navid FE on R+
Assassino9931   2
N an hour ago by internationalnick123456
Source: Bulgaria Balkan MO TST 2025
Determine all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^{+} \to \mathbb{R}^{+}$ such that
\[ f(x)f\left(x + 4f(y)\right) = xf\left(x + 3y\right) + f(x)f(y) \]for any positive real numbers $x,y$.
2 replies
Assassino9931
Apr 9, 2025
internationalnick123456
an hour ago
Determining Integers From Sums
oVlad   0
an hour ago
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P3
Let $n\geqslant 3$ be a positiv integer. Ana chooses the positive integers $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n$ and for any non-empty subset $A\subseteq\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ she computes the sum \[s_A=\sum_{k
\in A}a_k.\]She orders these sums $s_1\leqslant s_2\leqslant\cdots\leqslant s_{2^n-1}.$ Prove that there exists a subset $B\subseteq\{1,2,\ldots,2^n-1\}$ with $2^{n-2}+1$ elements such that, regardless of the integers $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n$ chosen by Ana, these can be determined by only knowing the sums $s_i$ with $i\in B.$
0 replies
oVlad
an hour ago
0 replies
Tangents and chord
iv999xyz   0
an hour ago
Given a circle with chord AB. k and l are tangents to the circle at points A and B. C and E are in different half-planes with respect to AB and lie on k, and F and D are in different half-planes with respect to AB and lie on l. Furthermore, C and F are in the same half-plane with respect to AB and AC = BD; AE = BF. CD intersects the circle at P and R and EF intersects the circle at Q and S. P and Q are in the same half-plane with respect to AB and in different half-plane with R and S. Prove that PQRS is a parallelogram if and only if AB, CD, and EF intersect at one point.
0 replies
iv999xyz
an hour ago
0 replies
Isosceles Triangle Geo
oVlad   0
an hour ago
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P2
Consider the isosceles triangle $ABC$ with $\angle A>90^\circ$ and the circle $\omega$ of radius $AC$ centered at $A.$ Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AC.$ The line $BM$ intersects $\omega$ a second time at $D.$ Let $E$ be a point on $\omega$ such that $BE\perp AC.$ Let $N$ be the intersection of $DE$ and $AC.$ Prove that $AN=2\cdot AB.$
0 replies
oVlad
an hour ago
0 replies
Inequality
SunnyEvan   5
N 2 hours ago by SunnyEvan
Let $a$, $b$, $c$ be non-negative real numbers, no two of which are zero. Prove that :
$$ \sum \frac{3ab-2bc+3ca}{3b^2+bc+3c^2} \geq \frac{12}{7}$$
5 replies
SunnyEvan
Apr 1, 2025
SunnyEvan
2 hours ago
Interesting result of angle bisectors and a 120-angled triangle
KAME06   1
N 2 hours ago by Mathzeus1024
Source: OMEC Ecuador National Olympiad Final Round 2024 N3 P3 day 1
Let $\triangle ABC$ with $\angle BAC=120 ^\circ$. Let $D, E, F$ points on sides $BC, CA, AB$, respectively, such that $AD, BE, CF$ are angle bisectors on $\triangle ABC$.
Prove that $\triangle ABC$ is isosceles if and only if $\triangle DEF$ is right-angled isosceles.
1 reply
KAME06
Feb 28, 2025
Mathzeus1024
2 hours ago
Determine ratio OM/ON
Goutham   11
N Aug 15, 2013 by Titanium
Let $ABCD$ be a quadrilateral with an inscribed circle, centre $O$. Let
\[AO = 5, BO =6, CO = 7, DO = 8.\]
If $M$ and $N$ are the midpoints of the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$, determine $\frac{OM}{ON}$ .
11 replies
Goutham
Dec 31, 2011
Titanium
Aug 15, 2013
Determine ratio OM/ON
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Goutham
3130 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $ABCD$ be a quadrilateral with an inscribed circle, centre $O$. Let
\[AO = 5, BO =6, CO = 7, DO = 8.\]
If $M$ and $N$ are the midpoints of the diagonals $AC$ and $BD$, determine $\frac{OM}{ON}$ .
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Vo Duc Dien
341 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Hint: Find the angles of ABCD first then it's straight forward.
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Vo Duc Dien
341 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
The radius of the inscribed circle must be r = 4.38034593.
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palashahuja
156 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
i have another approach that avoids rigorous calculation.
let the inverse point of $A,B,C$ and $D$ w.r.t center $O$ of the circle, be $A',B',C'$ and $D"$ respectively. then by simple angle chasing , we can see that $A'B'C'D'$ forms a parallelogram . since diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other $\Longrightarrow$ midpoints of $A'C'$ and $B'D'$ concur at one point. (say at X)
now by the inversion formula we can see by similarity and say that
$OX=\frac{r^2}{OA.OC}.OM=\frac{r^2}{OB.OD}.ON$ thus the ratio turns out to be equal to

$\frac{OM}{ON}=\frac{OA.OC}{OB.OD}=\frac{35}{48}$

i propose a tougher question than this , find the radius of the circle?
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Vo Duc Dien
341 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
The radius of the circle was up there.
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palashahuja
156 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
what is the generalized answer?
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waver123
142 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
palashahuja wrote:
l
$OX=\frac{r^2}{OA.OC}.OM=\frac{r^2}{OB.OD}.ON$ thus the ratio turns out to be equal to

$\frac{OM}{ON}=\frac{OA.OC}{OB.OD}=\frac{35}{48}$

How did you get this?
Z K Y
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Lyub4o
265 posts
#8 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
It's all about Newton's theorem.
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vanstraelen
8954 posts
#9 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
palashahuja wrote:
what is the generalized answer?
General formula: see http://forumgeom.fau.edu/FG2010volume10/FG201005.pdf
$OA=a, OB=b, OC=c, OD=d$ from the quadrilateral$ABCD$ and an inscribed circle, centre $O$.
Calculate $ M = \frac{abc+bcd+cda+dab}{2}$; then
\[r= 2 \cdot \sqrt{\frac{(M-abc)(M-bcd)(M-cda)(M-dab)}{abcd (ab+cd)(ac+bd)(ad+bc)}}\]
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Vo Duc Dien
341 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Oh... Van Straelen,

Thank you for posting the formula. However, I did not use that formula to find the exact value for r. I developed my own formula which is very interesting. Once I get some free time, I will post it here.

The way I solve the problem, I did not need to find the angles but rather I found their sine values, and from there I applied the Stewart's theorem to get the ratio.
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Vo Duc Dien
341 posts
#11 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
This problem is almost the same as Russian 2005 MO

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=49&t=35309&p=3182086#p3182086
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Vo Duc Dien, Oct 27, 2014, 6:14 PM
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Titanium
66 posts
#12 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Vo Duc Dien, can you post your solution from last year? It sounds like an interesting approach.
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