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Isosceles Triangle Geo
oVlad   2
N 11 minutes ago by SomeonesPenguin
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P2
Consider the isosceles triangle $ABC$ with $\angle A>90^\circ$ and the circle $\omega$ of radius $AC$ centered at $A.$ Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AC.$ The line $BM$ intersects $\omega$ a second time at $D.$ Let $E$ be a point on $\omega$ such that $BE\perp AC.$ Let $N$ be the intersection of $DE$ and $AC.$ Prove that $AN=2\cdot AB.$
2 replies
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oVlad
Yesterday at 9:38 AM
SomeonesPenguin
11 minutes ago
Might be the first equation marathon
steven_zhang123   34
N Apr 8, 2025 by rchokler
As far as I know, it seems that no one on HSM has organized an equation marathon before. Click to reveal hidden textSo why not give it a try? Click to reveal hidden text Let's start one!
Some basic rules need to be clarified:
$\cdot$ If a problem has not been solved within $5$ days, then others are eligible to post a new probkem.
$\cdot$ Not only simple one-variable equations, but also systems of equations are allowed.
$\cdot$ The difficulty of these equations should be no less than that of typical quadratic one-variable equations. If the problem involves higher degrees or more variables, please ensure that the problem is solvable (i.e., has a definite solution, rather than an approximate one).
$\cdot$ Please indicate the domain of the solution to the equation (e.g., solve in $\mathbb{R}$, solve in $\mathbb{C}$).
Here's an simple yet fun problem, hope you enjoy it :P :
P1
34 replies
steven_zhang123
Jan 20, 2025
rchokler
Apr 8, 2025
2019 Back To School Mock AIME II #6 x - y = 3, x^5-y^5 = 408
parmenides51   2
N Mar 21, 2025 by CubeAlgo15
The value of $xy$ that satises $x - y = 3$ and $x^5-y^5 = 408$ for real $x$ and $y$ can be written as $\frac{-a + b \sqrt{c}}{d}$ where the greatest common divisor of positive integers $a$, $b$, and $d$ is $1$, and $c$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Compute the value of $a + b + c + d$.
2 replies
parmenides51
Dec 16, 2023
CubeAlgo15
Mar 21, 2025
solve the system of equations
Havu   4
N Mar 20, 2025 by LeoaB411
Solve the system of equations:
\[\begin{cases}
3x^2-2xy+3y^2+\dfrac{2}{x^2-2xy+y^2}=8\\
2x+\dfrac{1}{x-y}=4
\end{cases}\]
4 replies
Havu
Mar 19, 2025
LeoaB411
Mar 20, 2025
System of three equations - Iran First Round 2018, P14
Amir Hossein   2
N Mar 14, 2025 by ioannism45
For how many integers $k$ does the following system of equations has a solution other than $a=b=c=0$ in the set of real numbers? \begin{align*} \begin{cases} a^2+b^2=kc(a+b),\\ b^2+c^2 = ka(b+c),\\ c^2+a^2=kb(c+a).\end{cases}\end{align*}
2 replies
Amir Hossein
Mar 7, 2021
ioannism45
Mar 14, 2025
System of Equations with GCD
MrHeccMcHecc   2
N Mar 11, 2025 by MrHeccMcHecc
Determine the sum of all possible values of $abc$ where $a,b,c$ are positive integers satisfying the equations $$\begin{cases}
a= \gcd (b,c) + 3 \\
b= \gcd (c,a) + 3 \\
c= \gcd (a,b) + 3 
\end{cases}$$
2 replies
MrHeccMcHecc
Mar 10, 2025
MrHeccMcHecc
Mar 11, 2025
Finding Harmonic Mean of Roots
JasonMurong1   7
N Mar 3, 2025 by scrabbler94
Given polynomial x^3 − 18x^2 + 95x − 150, what is the harmonic mean of the roots?
A. 30/19
B. 290/95
C. 90/19
D. 133/95
E. NOTA


Am I supposed to used the sum of the roots, the sum of the products of the roots twice at a time, and the product of the roots to form a system of equations to find the roots? I tried that and I'm stuck. Is there a trick to this problem? Or should I just find the roots via rational root theorem? Could someone please help me? Thanks.
7 replies
JasonMurong1
Mar 2, 2025
scrabbler94
Mar 3, 2025
Very Nice equations
steven_zhang123   6
N Feb 27, 2025 by eric201291
Solve this:$\left\{\begin{matrix}
x^{2023}+y^{2023}+z^{2023}=2023 \\
x^{2024}+y^{2024}+z^{2024}=2024 \\
x^{2025}+y^{2025}+z^{2025}=2025
\end{matrix}\right.$
6 replies
steven_zhang123
Oct 13, 2024
eric201291
Feb 27, 2025
Hard system of Equations
William_Mai   10
N Feb 18, 2025 by William_Mai
Find the real solutions of the following system of equations:

$\begin{cases}
x^4 = 3y + 2 \\
y^4 = 3z + 2 \\
z^4 = 3x + 2
\end{cases}$

Source: https://www.facebook.com/share/p/1MrR3u8VTU/
10 replies
William_Mai
Feb 17, 2025
William_Mai
Feb 18, 2025
2023 Christmas Mock AIME #8 3x3 complex non linear system
parmenides51   2
N Feb 5, 2025 by Vivaandax
Let $a$, $b$, and $c$ be complex numbers such that they satisfy these equations:
$$abc + 4a^4 = 3$$$$abc + 2d^4 = 2$$$$abc +\frac{3c^4}{4}=-1$$If the maximum of $\left|\frac{a^2b^2c^2+1}{abc}\right|$ can be expressed as $\frac{p+\sqrt{q}}{r}$ for positive integers $p$, $q$, and $r$, find the minimum possible value of $p + q + r$.
2 replies
parmenides51
Jan 16, 2024
Vivaandax
Feb 5, 2025
System of Equation: The Blue Waterfall
hypertension   4
N Jan 27, 2025 by MihaiT
Can u solve "The Blue Waterfall" System of equations?
x+y+z+w=7
y*z+w=7
x*y+z=5
z*w-x=2
For real and complex!
The ones who will make it will win my love!
Thanks a million,
George
4 replies
hypertension
Jan 26, 2025
MihaiT
Jan 27, 2025
Geometry
IstekOlympiadTeam   27
N Apr 7, 2025 by SimplisticFormulas
Source: All Russian Grade 9 Day 2 P 3
An acute-angled $ABC \ (AB<AC)$ is inscribed into a circle $\omega$. Let $M$ be the centroid of $ABC$, and let $AH$ be an altitude of this triangle. A ray $MH$ meets $\omega$ at $A'$. Prove that the circumcircle of the triangle $A'HB$ is tangent to $AB$. (A.I. Golovanov , A.Yakubov)
27 replies
IstekOlympiadTeam
Dec 12, 2015
SimplisticFormulas
Apr 7, 2025
Geometry
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: All Russian Grade 9 Day 2 P 3
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IstekOlympiadTeam
542 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
An acute-angled $ABC \ (AB<AC)$ is inscribed into a circle $\omega$. Let $M$ be the centroid of $ABC$, and let $AH$ be an altitude of this triangle. A ray $MH$ meets $\omega$ at $A'$. Prove that the circumcircle of the triangle $A'HB$ is tangent to $AB$. (A.I. Golovanov , A.Yakubov)
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sunken rock
4381 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by Arjun167, jhu08, Adventure10
Hint: Let $P\in\omega|AP\parallel BC$ and $Q$ the projection of $P$ onto $BC$ ($HAPQ$ is a rectangle) and $N$ midpoint of $BC$. $N$ is also midpoint of $HQ$, thus $H-M-P$ are collinear. Now it is easy to see $\angle BA'P=\angle BCP=\angle ABC$, done.

Best regards,
sunken rock
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Ankoganit
3070 posts
#3 • 4 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247, COCBSGGCTG3
This is also India IMOTC 2016, Practice Test 1, Problem 1.
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WizardMath
2487 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
Follows from a homothety at the centroid with ratio -2 and angle chasing.
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jayme
9775 posts
#5 • 4 Y
Y by govind7701, jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
Dear Mathlinkers,

1. A" the second point of intersection of MH with (O)
2. AA'' is parallel to BC
3. according to theReim's theorem, we are done...

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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SidVicious
584 posts
#6 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $A''$ be point on $BC$ such that $BH=CA''$. Let $A_1$ be midpoint of $BC$, then $A_1$ is also midpoint of $HA''$. As $AM : MA_1=2$ we have that $\Delta ABC$ and $\Delta AHA''$ share centroid $M$. Let $L$ be midpoint of $AA''$. Then obviously $L,H,A''$ are collinear. Let $O$ be circumcenter of $\odot (\Delta ABC)$. We have that $O,L,A_1$ are collinear so $\angle HLO=\angle A''LO$ and $OA'=OY$ and $OL=OL$ thus $\Delta A'LO=\Delta LYO$ thus $LA'=LY$ so $A'Y || BC$ (where $Y=AA'' \cap \omega$). Let $X=\omega \cap A'L$. Then because of symmetry we have $AX||A'Y||BC$ thus $AX||BC$ so $\angle ABC=\pi - \angle BAX=\angle BA'X$ and we are done
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by SidVicious, Jul 23, 2016, 8:45 AM
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jayme
9775 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
Dear Mathlinkers,
this problem is also based on

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1161858_two_parallels

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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MonsterS
148 posts
#8 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
Let Ray$ HM$ intersects circumcircle at $A''$
Applying euler circle and a homothety at point M send euler circle to circumcircle .We get $AA'||BC$.
So $\angle AA'A''=\angle ACB=\angle ABC$
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phymaths
264 posts
#9 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
Just consider a Homothety taking medial triangle to Triangle $ABC$ with $M$ as centre of homothety and Ratio $1/2$
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sa2001
281 posts
#10 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
A solution using a little of complex numbers and a little of synthetic geometry-
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by sa2001, Feb 10, 2018, 11:42 AM
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Vrangr
1600 posts
#12 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $K \in \omega$ such that $AK \parallel BC$.
Consider the homothety with ratio $-2$ at $M$. Under this homothety $H \to K$. Thus, $H, M, K$ are collinear. Note that $AKBC$ is an isosceles trapezium.
\[\measuredangle BA'H = \measuredangle BA'K = \measuredangle BCK = \measuredangle ABC = \measuredangle ABH\quad\blacksquare\]
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math_pi_rate
1218 posts
#13 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
ARO Restated wrote:
An acute-angled $\triangle ABC \ (AB<AC)$ is inscribed into a circle $\omega$. Let $G$ be the centroid of $\triangle ABC$, and let $\overline{AD}$ be an altitude of this triangle. Ray $\overline{GD}$ meets $\omega$ at $X$. Prove that the circumcircle of the triangle $XDB$ is tangent to $\overline{AB}$.
Here's my solution: Let $P$ be the point such that $APCB$ is an isosceles trapezoid. Then, by an easy homothety argument, we can see that $P$ lies on line $\overline{GDX}$. Invert about $A$ with radius $\sqrt{AB \cdot AC}$ followed by reflection in the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$. Then $D$ gets sent to the antipode of $A$ in $\omega$ (say $A'$), while $B$ gets swapped with $C$. Also, $P$ goes to a point $T \in \overline{BC}$ such that $\overline{AT}$ is tangent to $\omega$, and so $X$ gets sent to the point $X'=\odot (AA'T) \cap \overline{BC}$. As $\angle A'AT=90^{\circ}$, so we get that $\overline{A'X'} \perp \overline{BC}$. Then the center of $\odot (A'CX')$ lies on $\overline{A'C}$, and so $\odot (A'CX')$ is tangent to $\overline{AC}$. Inverting back, we get the desired result. Hence, done. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by math_pi_rate, Dec 20, 2018, 5:18 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#15 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
We'll restate the whole problem and solve: Let $H$ be the foot from $A$ to $\overline{BC}$ in $\Delta ABC$ with $AB<AC$. Let $G$ be centroid of $\Delta ABC$. Let $M$ be midpoint of $\overline{BC}$. Let $AM \cap \odot (ABC)$ $=$ $S$. Let $A'$ $\in$ $\odot (ABC)$, such, $AA'$ $||$ $BC$ and Let $A'H$ $\cap$ $\odot (ABC)$ $=$ $X$ $\implies$ $XHMS$ is cyclic. Let $H'$ be reflection of $H$ over $M$ $\implies$ $G$ is centroid WRT $\Delta AHH'$ $\implies$ $G$ $\in$ $\overline{XA'}$ $\implies$ $\angle BXH$ $=$ $\angle BCA'$ $=$ $\angle ABH$
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amar_04
1915 posts
#16 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
Beautiful problem. :o

Let $HM\cap\odot(ABC)=K$, and let $KO\cap\odot(ABC)=L$ and let $H'$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$. Draw the Euler line of $\triangle ABC$.
Now it's easy to see that $M$ is the centroid of $\triangle H'LK$. So, $H'H=HL\implies L\in\odot(ABC)$. Hence $L$ is the $K-$ antipode of $\odot(ABC)$, so $\angle HAK=90^\circ\implies AK\|BC$.

Now the rest part is easy, $\angle ABC=\angle BCK=\angle BA'K$. Hence, proved. $\blacksquare$.

P.S
This post has been edited 11 times. Last edited by amar_04, Sep 7, 2019, 12:35 PM
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Steve12345
618 posts
#17 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
This is also Romania JBMO TST 2018
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aops29
452 posts
#18 • 2 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10
Solution
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Feridimo
563 posts
#19 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, Adventure10, Mango247
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1159504
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EulersTurban
386 posts
#20 • 1 Y
Y by jhu08
Let $X$ be the second intersection of $HM$ with $(ABC)$.

We want to show that $BX=AC$, or by angle chase we want to show that $AX \parallel BC$.

Throw the configuration onto the complex plane and let the circumcircle be the unit circle, and denote with lowercase letters of the points their complex values.
Place then such that $c = \frac{1}{b}$.
Then we have that:
$$h=\frac{1}{2}\left( a+b+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{a} \right) $$$$m = \frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+\frac{1}{b}\right)$$
We want to show that $x= \frac{1}{a}$, but we see that this value satisfies:
$$\frac{h-m}{\overline{h-m}}=\frac{h-\frac{1}{a}}{\overline{h-\frac{1}{a}}}$$
Thus we have that $AX \parallel BC$.
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MatBoy-123
396 posts
#21 • 4 Y
Y by jhu08, Mango247, Mango247, Mango247
EulersTurban wrote:
Let $X$ be the second intersection of $HM$ with $(ABC)$.

We want to show that $BX=AC$, or by angle chase we want to show that $AX \parallel BC$.

Throw the configuration onto the complex plane and let the circumcircle be the unit circle, and denote with lowercase letters of the points their complex values.
Place then such that $c = \frac{1}{b}$.
Then we have that:
$$h=\frac{1}{2}\left( a+b+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{a} \right) $$$$m = \frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+\frac{1}{b}\right)$$
We want to show that $x= \frac{1}{a}$, but we see that this value satisfies:
$$\frac{h-m}{\overline{h-m}}=\frac{h-\frac{1}{a}}{\overline{h-\frac{1}{a}}}$$
Thus we have that $AX \parallel BC$.

I just want to know that why putting $c= \frac{1}{b}$ doesn't alter the question condition ??
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Bratin_Dasgupta
598 posts
#22 • 1 Y
Y by Bgmi
$\measuredangle$ represents angles taken modulo $180^{\circ}$
[asy] 
import olympiad; 
size(230); 
pair A = (-1 , 2) , B = (-3 , -2) , C = (4,-2); 
draw(A--B--C--cycle , green); 
draw(circumcircle(A,B,C) , cyan); 
pair D = (0.5 , -2); 
pair E = (1.5 , 0); 
pair F = (-2 , 0); 
pair G = centroid(A,B,C);  
pair H = foot(A,B,C); 
pair A_1 = (-1 , -4.5); 
draw(circumcircle(A_1, H , B) , orange); 
draw(A--H); 
dot("$A$" , A , N); 
dot("$B$" , B , W); 
dot("$C$" , C , NE); 
dot("$D$" , D , NE); 
dot("$E$" , E , NE); 
dot("$F$" , F , W); 
dot("$G$" , G , SW); 
dot("$H$" , H , SW); 
dot("$A_1$" , A_1 , S); 
[/asy]
Let $X \in \omega$ such that $AX \parallel BC$ If we consider a homothety at $M$ with a factor of $-2$. As a result we have $H \mapsto X$ and so we have $H-M-X$. Also we have that $AXBC$ is an isosceles trapezium. Thus we get the following $$\measuredangle BA^{\prime}H = \measuredangle BA^{\prime}X = \measuredangle BCX = \measuredangle ABC = \measuredangle ABH$$$\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Bratin_Dasgupta, Nov 22, 2021, 3:15 AM
Reason: Made a new diagram :D
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JAnatolGT_00
559 posts
#23 • 1 Y
Y by jhu08
Let homothety with coefficient $-2$ wrt $M$ maps $H\mapsto D;$ easy to conclude, that $ABCD$ is an isosceles trepezoid.
But then $\measuredangle BA'H=\measuredangle BA'D=\measuredangle BCD=\measuredangle CBA=\measuredangle HBA$, so the conclusion follows.
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BVKRB-
322 posts
#24 • 1 Y
Y by jhu08
One thing I have realised is that Russians love this config a lot
Well know that $A'-H-M-A''$ where $A''$ is such that $ABCA''$ is a cyclic isosceles trapezoid ;)
$$\measuredangle BA'D = \measuredangle BA'A'' = \measuredangle BCA'' = \measuredangle CBA = \measuredangle DBA \ \blacksquare$$
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JAnatolGT_00
559 posts
#25 • 2 Y
Y by BVKRB-, jhu08
BVKRB- wrote:
One thing I have realised is that Russians love this config a lot

Same feeling :)
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REYNA_MAIN
41 posts
#26 • 3 Y
Y by jhu08, SPHS1234, amar_04
Shortage
Attachments:
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IAmTheHazard
5001 posts
#27 • 1 Y
Y by centslordm
If $A''$ is the other intersection of $\overline{MH}$ with $\omega$ it's not hard to see that $AA''CB$ is an isosceles trapezoid (for instance, use coordinates to prove the converse), so $\angle BA'H=\angle BA'A''=\angle ABC=\angle ABH$ as desired.
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mcmp
53 posts
#28
Y by
What.

You’ve got to be serious.

By the configuration in ISL 2011/G4, if $A”=\overline{A’HM}\cap(ABC)\neq A’$ then it’s well known that $AA’’BC$ is an isosceles trapezium, so from there $\measuredangle BA’H=\measuredangle BA’A’’=\measuredangle BAA’’=\measuredangle ABC=\measuredangle ABH$, thus done from alt seg.

:huh: :dry: :huuh:
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ihategeo_1969
191 posts
#29
Y by
Why another Why point config. Rename $H$ to $D$, $A'$ to $Y_A$ and let $A'$ be $A$-antipode. If we $\sqrt{bc}$ invert at $A$ in $\triangle ABC$ then $Y_A$ goes to foot of altitude from $A'$ to $\overline{BC}$ and we need to prove $Y_A^*A'C$ is tangent to $\overline{AC}$ which is just because $\angle ACA'=\angle CY_A^*A'=90 ^{\circ}$, done.
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SimplisticFormulas
91 posts
#30
Y by
Russian geometry never fails to amaze me
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