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Circumcircle excircle chaos
CyclicISLscelesTrapezoid   25
N 31 minutes ago by bin_sherlo
Source: ISL 2021 G8
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with circumcircle $\omega$ and let $\Omega_A$ be the $A$-excircle. Let $X$ and $Y$ be the intersection points of $\omega$ and $\Omega_A$. Let $P$ and $Q$ be the projections of $A$ onto the tangent lines to $\Omega_A$ at $X$ and $Y$ respectively. The tangent line at $P$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $APX$ intersects the tangent line at $Q$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $AQY$ at a point $R$. Prove that $\overline{AR} \perp \overline{BC}$.
25 replies
CyclicISLscelesTrapezoid
Jul 12, 2022
bin_sherlo
31 minutes ago
Inequalities
sqing   27
N 5 hours ago by Jackson0423
Let $   a,b    $ be reals such that $  a^2+ab+b^2 =3$ . Prove that
$$ \frac{4}{ 3}\geq \frac{1}{ a^2+5 }+ \frac{1}{ b^2+5 }+ab \geq -\frac{11}{4 }$$$$ \frac{13}{ 4}\geq \frac{1}{ a^2+5 }+ \frac{1}{ b^2+5 }+ab \geq -\frac{2}{3 }$$$$ \frac{3}{ 2}\geq  \frac{1}{ a^4+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^4+3 }+ab \geq -\frac{17}{6 }$$$$ \frac{19}{ 6}\geq  \frac{1}{ a^4+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^4+3 }-ab \geq -\frac{1}{2}$$Let $   a,b    $ be reals such that $  a^2-ab+b^2 =1 $ . Prove that
$$ \frac{3}{ 2}\geq \frac{1}{ a^2+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^2+3 }+ab \geq \frac{4}{15 }$$$$ \frac{14}{ 15}\geq \frac{1}{ a^2+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^2+3 }-ab \geq -\frac{1}{2 }$$$$ \frac{3}{ 2}\geq \frac{1}{ a^4+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^4+3 }+ab \geq \frac{13}{42 }$$$$ \frac{41}{ 42}\geq \frac{1}{ a^4+3 }+ \frac{1}{ b^4+3 }-ab \geq -\frac{1}{2 }$$
27 replies
sqing
Apr 16, 2025
Jackson0423
5 hours ago
Inequalities
sqing   6
N 5 hours ago by sqing
Let $ a,b,c> 0 $ and $ ab+bc+ca\leq  3abc . $ Prove that
$$ a+ b^2+c\leq a^2+ b^3+c^2 $$$$ a+ b^{11}+c\leq a^2+ b^{12}+c^2 $$
6 replies
sqing
Today at 1:54 PM
sqing
5 hours ago
Problem of the Week--The Sleeping Beauty Problem
FiestyTiger82   1
N 5 hours ago by martianrunner
Put your answers here and discuss!
The Problem
1 reply
FiestyTiger82
6 hours ago
martianrunner
5 hours ago
Inequalities
sqing   4
N Today at 1:09 PM by sqing
Let $ a,b,c $ be real numbers such that $ a^2+b^2+c^2=1. $ Prove that$$ |a-b|+|b-2c|+|c-3a|\leq 5$$$$|a-2b|+|b-3c|+|c-4a|\leq \sqrt{42}$$$$ |a-b|+|b-\frac{11}{10}c|+|c-a|\leq \frac{29}{10}$$
4 replies
sqing
Today at 5:05 AM
sqing
Today at 1:09 PM
Inequalities
nhathhuyyp5c   2
N Today at 12:38 PM by pooh123
Let $a, b, c$ be non-negative real numbers such that $a^2 + b^2 + c^2 = 3$. Find the maximum and minimum values of the expression
\[
P = \frac{a}{a^2 + 2} + \frac{b}{b^2 + 2} + \frac{c}{c^2 + 2}.
\]
2 replies
nhathhuyyp5c
Apr 20, 2025
pooh123
Today at 12:38 PM
Challenging Optimization Problem
Shiyul   5
N Today at 12:28 PM by exoticc
Let $xyz = 1$. Find the minimum and maximum values of $\frac{1}{1 + x + xy}$ + $\frac{1}{1 + y + yz}$ + $\frac{1}{1 + z + zx}$

Can anyone give me a hint? I got that either the minimum or maximum was 1, but I'm sure if I'm correct.
5 replies
Shiyul
Yesterday at 8:20 PM
exoticc
Today at 12:28 PM
Geometry Angle Chasing
Sid-darth-vater   1
N Today at 9:36 AM by vanstraelen
Is there a way to do this without drawing obscure auxiliary lines? (the auxiliary lines might not be obscure I might just be calling them obscure)

For example I tried rotating triangle MBC 80 degrees around point C (so the BC line segment would now lie on segment AC) but I couldn't get any results. Any help would be appreciated!
1 reply
Sid-darth-vater
Yesterday at 11:50 PM
vanstraelen
Today at 9:36 AM
Radical Axes and circles
mathprodigy2011   4
N Today at 7:53 AM by spiderman0
Can someone explain how to do this purely geometrically?
4 replies
mathprodigy2011
Today at 1:58 AM
spiderman0
Today at 7:53 AM
Combinatoric
spiderman0   0
Today at 7:46 AM
Let $ S = \{1, 2, 3, \ldots, 2024\}.$ Find the maximum positive integer $n \geq 2$ such that for every subset $T \subset S$ with n elements, there always exist two elements a, b in T such that:

$|\sqrt{a} - \sqrt{b}| < \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{a - b}$
0 replies
spiderman0
Today at 7:46 AM
0 replies
BMT 2018 Algebra Round Problem 7
IsabeltheCat   5
N Today at 6:56 AM by P162008
Let $$h_n := \sum_{k=0}^n \binom{n}{k} \frac{2^{k+1}}{(k+1)}.$$Find $$\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{h_n}{n!}.$$
5 replies
IsabeltheCat
Dec 3, 2018
P162008
Today at 6:56 AM
Nepal TST 2025 DAY 1 Problem 1
Bata325   7
N Apr 15, 2025 by cursed_tangent1434
Source: Nepal TST 2025 p1
Consider a triangle $\triangle ABC$ and some point $X$ on $BC$. The perpendicular from $X$ to $AB$ intersects the circumcircle of $\triangle AXC$ at $P$ and the perpendicular from $X$ to $AC$ intersects the circumcircle of $\triangle AXB$ at $Q$. Show that the line $PQ$ does not depend on the choice of $X$.

(Shining Sun, USA)
7 replies
Bata325
Apr 11, 2025
cursed_tangent1434
Apr 15, 2025
Nepal TST 2025 DAY 1 Problem 1
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G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Nepal TST 2025 p1
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Bata325
8 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by khan.academy, cubres, Mathdreams
Consider a triangle $\triangle ABC$ and some point $X$ on $BC$. The perpendicular from $X$ to $AB$ intersects the circumcircle of $\triangle AXC$ at $P$ and the perpendicular from $X$ to $AC$ intersects the circumcircle of $\triangle AXB$ at $Q$. Show that the line $PQ$ does not depend on the choice of $X$.

(Shining Sun, USA)
This post has been edited 6 times. Last edited by Bata325, Apr 13, 2025, 2:54 AM
Reason: italics
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Mathdreams
1465 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by cubres
My problem! :)

Shocking that my olympiad problem writing debut is a geometry problem. People that know me will know how bad I am at geo. :wacko:

Solution
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Mathdreams, Apr 12, 2025, 8:33 PM
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wassupevery1
317 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by cubres
Solution
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Tony_stark0094
62 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by cubres
The points used in this proof are as shown in the figure $O_1,O_2,O_3$ are the centres of the circles $\odot ABC, \odot ACX, \odot ABX$ respectively
I claim that the line $PQ$ always passes through the circumcentre of $\Delta ABC$
proof:
Define phantom points $P'$ and $Q'$ such that $P'=\odot ACX \cap AO_1$ and $Q'= \odot ABX \cap AO_1$
now we know that $O_1O_2$ and $O_1O_3$ are the perpendicular bisectors of the radial axes $AC$ and $AB$
$\angle AP'X= \angle ACX = \angle C$ and $\angle AO_1O_3= \angle AO_1E= \angle C$ hence $O_1O_3 \parallel P'X \implies P'X \perp AB$
and
$\angle AQ'D=\angle ABX =\angle B$ and $\angle AO_1E= \angle B$ so $O_1O_2 \parallel  Q'D \implies Q'D \perp AC$
hence $P' \equiv P $ and $Q' \equiv Q$ and the required claim is proved
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Tony_stark0094
62 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Mathdreams, cubres
Mathdreams wrote:
My problem! :)

Shocking that my olympiad problem writing debut is a geometry problem. People that know me will know how bad I am at geo. :wacko:

Solution

I think there should be 180 - 2ACB in your third line
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Tony_stark0094, Apr 13, 2025, 2:41 AM
Reason: pllllll
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ThatApollo777
73 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by cubres
Claim : $AO$ is the required line where $O$ is circumcenter of $ABC$

Pf. $\measuredangle BAP = 90 - \measuredangle APX = 90 - \measuredangle ACX = 90 - \measuredangle ACB = \measuredangle BAO$ hence $P$ lies on $AO$ and similarly $Q$ must also lie on AO so we are done.
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by ThatApollo777, Apr 12, 2025, 3:34 PM
Reason: clarity
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Mathdreams
1465 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by cubres
@2above Fixed!
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cursed_tangent1434
596 posts
#8 • 2 Y
Y by GeoKing, brute12
The idea is that both points $P$ and $Q$ lie on the line $\overline{AO}$ where $O$ is the circumcenter of $\triangle ABC$. To see why,
\[\measuredangle BAQ = \measuredangle CXQ = 90 + \measuredangle BCA\]which implies that $Q$ lies on $\overline{AO}$. Similarly,
\[\measuredangle CAQ = \measuredangle CXP = 90 + \measuredangle CBA\]which implies that $P$ lies on $\overline{AO}$ and thus the line $PQ$ does not depend on the choice of $X$.
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