Difference between revisions of "2017 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 25"
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==Solution 1== | ==Solution 1== | ||
− | Let the sum of the scores of Isabella's first <math>6</math> tests be <math>S</math>. Since the mean of her first <math>7</math> scores is an integer, then <math>S + 95 \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 7)}</math>, or <math>S \equiv3 \text{ (mod 7)}</math>. Also, <math>S \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 6)}</math>, so by CRT, <math>S \equiv 24 \text{ (mod 42)}</math>. We also know that <math>91 \cdot 6 \leq S \leq 100 \cdot 6</math>, so by inspection, <math>S = 570</math>. However, we also have that the mean of the first <math>5</math> | + | Let the sum of the scores of Isabella's first <math>6</math> tests be <math>S</math>. Since the mean of her first <math>7</math> scores is an integer, then <math>S + 95 \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 7)}</math>, or <math>S \equiv3 \text{ (mod 7)}</math>. Also, <math>S \equiv 0 \text{ (mod 6)}</math>, so by the [[CRT]], <math>S \equiv 24 \text{ (mod 42)}</math>. We also know that <math>91 \cdot 6 \leq S \leq 100 \cdot 6</math>, so by inspection, <math>S = 570</math>. However, we also have that the mean of the first <math>5</math> test scores must be an integer, so the sum of the first <math>5</math> test scores must be an multiple of <math>5</math>, which implies that the <math>6</math>th test score is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 100}</math>. |
==Solution 2== | ==Solution 2== | ||
− | First, we find the largest sum of scores which is <math>100+99+98+97+96+95+94</math> which equals <math>7(97)</math>. Then we find the smallest sum of scores which is <math>91+92+93+94+95+96+97</math> which is <math>7(94)</math>. So the possible sums for the 7 test scores so that they provide an integer average are <math>7(97), 7(96), 7(95)</math> and <math>7(94)</math> which are <math>679, 672, 665,</math> and <math>658</math> respectively. Now in order to get the sum of the first 6 tests, we | + | First, we find the largest sum of scores which is <math>100+99+98+97+96+95+94</math> which equals <math>7(97)</math>. Then we find the smallest sum of scores which is <math>91+92+93+94+95+96+97</math> which is <math>7(94)</math>. So the possible sums for the 7 test scores so that they provide an integer average are <math>7(97), 7(96), 7(95)</math> and <math>7(94)</math> which are <math>679, 672, 665,</math> and <math>658</math> respectively. Now in order to get the sum of the first 6 tests, we subtract <math>95</math> from each sum producing <math>584, 577, 570,</math> and <math>563</math>. Notice only <math>570</math> is divisible by <math>6</math> so, therefore, the sum of the first <math>6</math> tests is <math>570</math>. We need to find her score on the <math>6th</math> test so we have to find which number will give us a number divisible by <math>5</math> when subtracted from <math>570.</math> Since <math>95</math> is the <math>7th</math> test score and all test scores are distinct that only leaves <math>\boxed{\textbf{(E) } 100}</math>. |
− | ==Solution 3 | + | ==Solution 3== |
− | + | Since all of the scores are from <math>91 - 100</math>, we can subtract 90 from all of the scores. Since the last score was a 95, the sum of the scores from the first six tests must be <math>3 \pmod 7</math> and <math>0 \pmod 6</math>. Trying out a few cases, the only solution possible is 30 (this is from adding numbers 1-10). The sixth test score must be <math>0 \pmod 5</math> because <math>30\equiv 0\pmod5</math>. The only possible test scores are <math>95</math> and <math>100</math>, and <math>95</math> is already used, so the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(E)}100}</math>. | |
− | |||
− | ==Solution 4== | + | ==Solution 4 (Working Backwards)== |
− | + | We work backwards to solve this problem. In the <math>n^{th}</math> test, <math>\sum_{i=1}^{n} i</math> (mod n) = 0. In the following table, the tests already taken are in bold, the latest test is underlined. We work from the row of (mod 7), (mod 6), and (mod 5) to determine the test order by trial and error. | |
+ | |||
+ | <cmath> \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|} | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | & 91 & 92 & 93 & 94 & 95 & 96 & 97 & 98 & 99 & 100 \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 7 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & \textbf{3} & \underline{\textbf{4}} & \textbf{5} & \textbf{6} & 0 & 1 & \textbf{2} \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 6 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & \textbf{4} & 5 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & 3 & \underline{\textbf{4}} \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 5 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & \underline{\textbf{4}} & 0 & \textbf{1} & \textbf{2} & 3 & 4 & 0 \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 4 & \underline{\textbf{3}} & \textbf{0} & 1 & 2 & 3 & \textbf{0} & \textbf{1} & 2 & 3 & 0 \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 3 & 1 & \textbf{2} & 0 & 1 & 2 & \textbf{0} & \underline{\textbf{1}} & 2 & 0 & 1 \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | mod 2 & 1 & \underline{\textbf{0}} & 1 & 0 & 1 & \textbf{0} & 1 & 0 & 1 & 0 \\ | ||
+ | \hline | ||
+ | \end{tabular} </cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | In the <math>4^{th}</math> test, the test score could be 91 or 97. | ||
+ | |||
+ | As you can see, the test score of the <math>6^{th}</math> test is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(E)}100}</math> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ~[https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/User:Isabelchen isabelchen] | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Solution 5== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Let's denote <math>x</math> as <math>a_1+a_2+a_3+a_4+a_5+a_6</math>, where <math>a_n</math> is her <math>n</math>th test score. We start by saying <math>\frac{x+95}{7} = [91,92,...100]</math>. This results from the fact that her test averages are integers and her test scores are in the range of <math>91</math> to <math>100</math>. So <math>x+95=[637,644,...700] \implies x=[542,549,...605]</math>. Next, we also see that <math>\frac{x}{6}=[91,92,...100]</math> which becomes <math>x=[546,552,...600]</math>. The only point of intersection of <math>[542,549,...605]</math> and <math>[546,552,...600]</math> is <math>570</math> so <math>x=570</math>. Now we can also see that <math>\frac{x-a_6}{5}=[91,92,...100]</math>, so <math>x-a_6=[455,460,...500]</math>, and since <math>x=570</math>, <math>570-a_6=[455,460,...500] \implies a_6=570-[455,460,...500]</math>. <math>a_6</math> has to be in the range of <math>91</math> and <math>100</math>, so the only values in the set <math>[455,460,...500]</math> that work are <math>470</math> and <math>475</math> which result in <math>a_6 = 100 \text{ or } 95</math> respectively. But since her test scores are all distinct, and <math>95</math> is already used for <math>a_7</math>, our answer is <math>\boxed{\text{(E) }100}</math>. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ~Kempu33334 | ||
+ | ==Video Solution== | ||
+ | |||
+ | https://youtu.be/YFz4bctJYVE ~Happytwin | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
{{AMC10 box|year=2017|ab=B|num-b=24|after=Last Problem}} | {{AMC10 box|year=2017|ab=B|num-b=24|after=Last Problem}} | ||
{{MAA Notice}} | {{MAA Notice}} |
Latest revision as of 12:39, 28 October 2023
Contents
Problem
Last year Isabella took math tests and received
different scores, each an integer between
and
, inclusive. After each test she noticed that the average of her test scores was an integer. Her score on the seventh test was
. What was her score on the sixth test?
Solution 1
Let the sum of the scores of Isabella's first tests be
. Since the mean of her first
scores is an integer, then
, or
. Also,
, so by the CRT,
. We also know that
, so by inspection,
. However, we also have that the mean of the first
test scores must be an integer, so the sum of the first
test scores must be an multiple of
, which implies that the
th test score is
.
Solution 2
First, we find the largest sum of scores which is which equals
. Then we find the smallest sum of scores which is
which is
. So the possible sums for the 7 test scores so that they provide an integer average are
and
which are
and
respectively. Now in order to get the sum of the first 6 tests, we subtract
from each sum producing
and
. Notice only
is divisible by
so, therefore, the sum of the first
tests is
. We need to find her score on the
test so we have to find which number will give us a number divisible by
when subtracted from
Since
is the
test score and all test scores are distinct that only leaves
.
Solution 3
Since all of the scores are from , we can subtract 90 from all of the scores. Since the last score was a 95, the sum of the scores from the first six tests must be
and
. Trying out a few cases, the only solution possible is 30 (this is from adding numbers 1-10). The sixth test score must be
because
. The only possible test scores are
and
, and
is already used, so the answer is
.
Solution 4 (Working Backwards)
We work backwards to solve this problem. In the test,
(mod n) = 0. In the following table, the tests already taken are in bold, the latest test is underlined. We work from the row of (mod 7), (mod 6), and (mod 5) to determine the test order by trial and error.
In the test, the test score could be 91 or 97.
As you can see, the test score of the test is
Solution 5
Let's denote as
, where
is her
th test score. We start by saying
. This results from the fact that her test averages are integers and her test scores are in the range of
to
. So
. Next, we also see that
which becomes
. The only point of intersection of
and
is
so
. Now we can also see that
, so
, and since
,
.
has to be in the range of
and
, so the only values in the set
that work are
and
which result in
respectively. But since her test scores are all distinct, and
is already used for
, our answer is
.
~Kempu33334
Video Solution
https://youtu.be/YFz4bctJYVE ~Happytwin
See Also
2017 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 24 |
Followed by Last Problem | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
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