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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Proving ZA=ZB
nAalniaOMliO   7
N 7 minutes ago by nAalniaOMliO
Source: Belarusian National Olympiad 2025
Point $H$ is the foot of the altitude from $A$ of triangle $ABC$. On the lines $AB$ and $AC$ points $X$ and $Y$ are marked such that the circumcircles of triangles $BXH$ and $CYH$ are tangent, call this circles $w_B$ and $w_C$ respectively. Tangent lines to circles $w_B$ and $w_C$ at $X$ and $Y$ intersect at $Z$.
Prove that $ZA=ZH$.
Vadzim Kamianetski
7 replies
1 viewing
nAalniaOMliO
Mar 28, 2025
nAalniaOMliO
7 minutes ago
Solve the equation x^3y^2(2y - x) = x^2y^4-36
Eukleidis   10
N 7 minutes ago by itsmathtime123
Source: Greek Mathematical Olympiad 2011 - P1
Solve in integers the equation
\[{x^3}{y^2}\left( {2y - x} \right) = {x^2}{y^4} - 36\]
10 replies
Eukleidis
May 13, 2011
itsmathtime123
7 minutes ago
Problem 3 (First Day)
Valentin Vornicu   47
N 17 minutes ago by cj13609517288
Define a "hook" to be a figure made up of six unit squares as shown below in the picture, or any of the figures obtained by applying rotations and reflections to this figure.

IMAGE
Determine all $ m\times n$ rectangles that can be covered without gaps and without overlaps with hooks such that

- the rectangle is covered without gaps and without overlaps
- no part of a hook covers area outside the rectangle.
47 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Jul 12, 2004
cj13609517288
17 minutes ago
Tangents involving a centroid with an isosceles triangle result
pithon_with_an_i   2
N 25 minutes ago by Funcshun840
Source: Revenge JOM 2025 Problem 5, Revenge JOMSL 2025 G5, Own
A triangle $ABC$ has centroid $G$. A line parallel to $BC$ passing through $G$ intersects the circumcircle of $ABC$ at a point $D$. Let lines $AD$ and $BC$ intersect at $E$. Suppose a point $P$ is chosen on $BC$ such that the tangent of the circumcircle of $DEP$ at $D$, the tangent of the circumcircle of $ABC$ at $A$ and $BC$ concur. Prove that $GP = PD$.

Remark 1
Remark 2
2 replies
pithon_with_an_i
3 hours ago
Funcshun840
25 minutes ago
orthocenter on sus circle
DVDTSB   1
N an hour ago by Double07
Source: Romania TST 2025 Day 2 P1
Let \( ABC \) be an acute triangle with \( AB < AC \), and let \( O \) be the center of its circumcircle. Let \( A' \) be the reflection of \( A \) with respect to \( BC \). The line through \( O \) parallel to \( BC \) intersects \( AC \) at \( F \), and the tangent at \( F \) to the circle \( \odot(BFC) \) intersects the line through \( A' \) parallel to \( BC \) at point \( M \). Let \( K \) be a point on the ray \( AB \), starting at \( A \), such that \( AK = 4AB \).
Show that the orthocenter of triangle \( ABC \) lies on the circle with diameter \( KM \).

Proposed by Radu Lecoiu

1 reply
+1 w
DVDTSB
Today at 12:18 PM
Double07
an hour ago
Incircle triangles inequality
MathMystic33   0
an hour ago
Source: 2025 Macedonian Team Selection Test P5
Let $\triangle ABC$ be a triangle with side‐lengths $a,b,c$, incenter $I$, and circumradius $R$. Denote by $P$ the area of $\triangle ABC$, and let $P_1,\;P_2,\;P_3$ be the areas of triangles $\triangle ABI$, $\triangle BCI$, and $\triangle CAI$, respectively. Prove that
\[
\frac{abc}{12R}
\;\le\;
\frac{P_1^2 + P_2^2 + P_3^2}{P}
\;\le\;
\frac{3R^3}{4\sqrt[3]{abc}}.
\]
0 replies
MathMystic33
an hour ago
0 replies
Collinearity of intersection points in a triangle
MathMystic33   0
an hour ago
Source: 2025 Macedonian Team Selection Test P1
On the sides of the triangle \(\triangle ABC\) lie the following points: \(K\) and \(L\) on \(AB\), \(M\) on \(BC\), and \(N\) on \(CA\). Let
\[
P = AM\cap BN,\quad
R = KM\cap LN,\quad
S = KN\cap LM,
\]and let the line \(CS\) meet \(AB\) at \(Q\). Prove that the points \(P\), \(Q\), and \(R\) are collinear.
0 replies
MathMystic33
an hour ago
0 replies
Brazilian Locus
kraDracsO   15
N an hour ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: IberoAmerican, Day 2, P4
Let $B$ and $C$ be two fixed points in the plane. For each point $A$ of the plane, outside of the line $BC$, let $G$ be the barycenter of the triangle $ABC$. Determine the locus of points $A$ such that $\angle BAC + \angle BGC = 180^{\circ}$.

Note: The locus is the set of all points of the plane that satisfies the property.
15 replies
kraDracsO
Sep 9, 2023
Ilikeminecraft
an hour ago
Circumcircle of MUV tangent to two circles at once
MathMystic33   0
2 hours ago
Source: Macedonian Mathematical Olympiad 2025 Problem 1
Given is an acute triangle \( \triangle ABC \) with \( AB < AC \). Let \( M \) be the midpoint of side \( BC \), and let \( X \) and \( Y \) be points on segments \( BM \) and \( CM \), respectively, such that \( BX = CY \). Let \( \omega_1 \) be the circumcircle of \( \triangle ABX \), and \( \omega_2 \) the circumcircle of \( \triangle ACY \). The common tangent \( t \) to \( \omega_1 \) and \( \omega_2 \), which lies closer to point \( A \), touches \( \omega_1 \) and \( \omega_2 \) at points \( P \) and \( Q \), respectively. Let the line \( MP \) intersect \( \omega_1 \) again at \( U \), and the line \( MQ \) intersect \( \omega_2 \) again at \( V \). Prove that the circumcircle of triangle \( \triangle MUV \) is tangent to both \( \omega_1 \) and \( \omega_2 \).
0 replies
MathMystic33
2 hours ago
0 replies
Roots of unity
Henryfamz   0
3 hours ago
Compute $$\sec^4\frac\pi7+\sec^4\frac{2\pi}7+\sec^4\frac{3\pi}7$$
0 replies
Henryfamz
3 hours ago
0 replies
Aime 2005a #15
4everwise   22
N 3 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: Aime 2005a #15
Triangle $ABC$ has $BC=20$. The incircle of the triangle evenly trisects the median $AD$. If the area of the triangle is $m \sqrt{n}$ where $m$ and $n$ are integers and $n$ is not divisible by the square of a prime, find $m+n$.
22 replies
4everwise
Nov 10, 2005
Ilikeminecraft
3 hours ago
Nice geometry...
Sadigly   1
N 4 hours ago by aaravdodhia
Source: Azerbaijan Senior NMO 2020
Let $ABC$ be a scalene triangle, and let $I$ be its incenter. A point $D$ is chosen on line $BC$, such that the circumcircle of triangle $BID$ intersects $AB$ at $E\neq B$, and the circumcircle of triangle $CID$ intersects $AC$ at $F\neq C$. Circumcircle of triangle $EDF$ intersects $AB$ and $AC$ at $M$ and $N$, respectively. Lines $FD$ and $IC$ intersect at $Q$, and lines $ED$ and $BI$ intersect at $P$. Prove that $EN\parallel MF\parallel PQ$.
1 reply
Sadigly
Sunday at 10:17 PM
aaravdodhia
4 hours ago
AM=CN in Russia
mathuz   25
N 4 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: AllRussian-2014, Grade 11, day1, P4
Given a triangle $ABC$ with $AB>BC$, $ \Omega $ is circumcircle. Let $M$, $N$ are lie on the sides $AB$, $BC$ respectively, such that $AM=CN$. $K(.)=MN\cap AC$ and $P$ is incenter of the triangle $AMK$, $Q$ is K-excenter of the triangle $CNK$ (opposite to $K$ and tangents to $CN$). If $R$ is midpoint of the arc $ABC$ of $ \Omega $ then prove that $RP=RQ$.

M. Kungodjin
25 replies
mathuz
Apr 29, 2014
Ilikeminecraft
4 hours ago
Simson lines on OH circle
DVDTSB   2
N 4 hours ago by SomeonesPenguin
Source: Romania TST 2025 Day 2 P4
Let \( ABC \) and \( DEF \) be two triangles inscribed in the same circle, centered at \( O \), and sharing the same orthocenter \( H \ne O \). The Simson lines of the points \( D, E, F \) with respect to triangle \( ABC \) form a non-degenerate triangle \( \Delta \).
Prove that the orthocenter of \( \Delta \) lies on the circle with diameter \( OH \).

Note. Assume that the points \( A, F, B, D, C, E \) lie in this order on the circle and form a convex, non-degenerate hexagon.

Proposed by Andrei Chiriță
2 replies
DVDTSB
Today at 12:10 PM
SomeonesPenguin
4 hours ago
Prove excircle is tangent to circumcircle
sarjinius   8
N Apr 24, 2025 by Lyzstudent
Source: Philippine Mathematical Olympiad 2025 P4
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$, and let $D$ be a point on side $BC$. Points $X$ and $Y$ are chosen on lines $BI$ and $CI$ respectively such that $DXIY$ is a parallelogram. Points $E$ and $F$ are chosen on side $BC$ such that $AX$ and $AY$ are the angle bisectors of angles $\angle BAE$ and $\angle CAF$ respectively. Let $\omega$ be the circle tangent to segment $EF$, the extension of $AE$ past $E$, and the extension of $AF$ past $F$. Prove that $\omega$ is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$.
8 replies
sarjinius
Mar 9, 2025
Lyzstudent
Apr 24, 2025
Prove excircle is tangent to circumcircle
G H J
Source: Philippine Mathematical Olympiad 2025 P4
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sarjinius
242 posts
#1 • 4 Y
Y by MathLuis, mpcnotnpc, JollyEggsBanana, Rounak_iitr
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$, and let $D$ be a point on side $BC$. Points $X$ and $Y$ are chosen on lines $BI$ and $CI$ respectively such that $DXIY$ is a parallelogram. Points $E$ and $F$ are chosen on side $BC$ such that $AX$ and $AY$ are the angle bisectors of angles $\angle BAE$ and $\angle CAF$ respectively. Let $\omega$ be the circle tangent to segment $EF$, the extension of $AE$ past $E$, and the extension of $AF$ past $F$. Prove that $\omega$ is tangent to the circumcircle of triangle $ABC$.
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ilovemath0402
188 posts
#2
Y by
bump bump this problem is so nice
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sarjinius
242 posts
#3
Y by
ilovemath0402 wrote:
bump bump this problem is so nice

Thanks, I proposed this problem :)
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SimplisticFormulas
118 posts
#4
Y by
what’s the solution? I am completely stuck
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MathLuis
1526 posts
#5 • 4 Y
Y by drago.7437, sarjinius, Mysteriouxxx, radian_51
Well this geo is really amazing I have to say...solved in around 30 mins but I think this could even be around 30-35 MOHS because the way to find things on this problem requires deep intuition.
Let $BI \cap (ABC)=M_B$ and $CI \cap (ABC)=M_C$, also let $N_A$ be midpoint of arc $BAC$ on $(ABC)$, now let reflections of $D$ over $EX, FY, BI, CI, Y \infty_{\perp CI}, X \infty_{\perp BI}$ be $D_B, D_C, L', K', K, L$ respectively now let reflection of $D_B$ over $AX$ be $L_1$ and reflection of $D_C$ over $AY$ be $K_1$.
Using the paralelogram we can easly see from the direction of the reflections that $KK'$ and $LL'$ are diameters on $(Y, YD), (X, XD)$ respectively, now let $I_B, I_C$ be the $B,C$ excenters of $\triangle ABC$ then notice we have $\measuredangle II_CA=\measuredangle CBI=\measuredangle CDY=\measuredangle YK'C$ which implies $I_CAK'Y$ cyclic and similarily $I_BAL'X$ is cyclic however since $\measuredangle CDY=\measuredangle YD_CF$ we also get that $I_CAK'YD_C$ is cyclic and similarily $I_BAL'XD_B$ is cyclic, however it doesn't end here...
Now notice that $YK'=YD_C$ so $Y$ is midpoint of arc $K'D_C$ on $(I_CAK')$ however $D, K'$ are symetric in $CI$ which means both $I_CD, I_CD'$ are reflections of $I_CK'$ over $CI$ and thus $I_C, D, D_C$ are colinear, and similarily $I_B, D, D_B$ are colinear.
Now $\measuredangle CDY=\measuredangle YD_CA=\measuredangle AK_1Y$ which means $CK_1YD$ is cyclic and similarily we have $L_1BXD$ cyclic, but also note that $\measuredangle L_1DL=\measuredangle L_1L'L=\measuredangle AI_BX=\measuredangle ACI=\measuredangle K_1DY$ which means that $L_1, D, K_1$ are colinear.
Now from here notice that $\measuredangle DL_1A=\measuredangle DXI=\measuredangle IYD=\measuredangle AK_1D$ which does in fact show that $\triangle L_1AK_1$ is isosceles and therefore $AK_1=AL_1$, and from reflections this gives $AD_B=AD_C$, but notice from other reflections we have $D_BG=DG=D_CG$ where $EX \cap FY=G$ (clearly then $G$ is A-excenter of $\triangle EAF$), but now also note that we have $\measuredangle AD_BG=\measuredangle GDE=\measuredangle AD_CG$ which means that $AD_BGD_C$ is cyclic but by summing arcs we end up realising $AG$ is diameter and in fact now this means $(D_BDD_C)$ is $\omega$ from the tangencies.
To finish let $J$ be the miquelpoint of $L_1BCK_1$ then $J$ lies on $(ABC)$ but also from Reim's we get $N_A, D, J$ colinear and then Reim's twice gives $M_CX \cap M_BY=J$ and from double Reim's once again we have that $(AL'X) \cap (AK'Y)=J$ and this is excellent news because now we can note that $\measuredangle D_CJD_B=\measuredangle D_CJA+\measuredangle AJD_B=\measuredangle D_CI_CA+\measuredangle AI_BD_B=\measuredangle D_CDD_B$ which shows that $J$ lies on $\omega$ as well, but since $N_A, D, J$ are colinear from the converse of Archiemedes Lemma (or just shooting Lemma/homothety) we have that $\omega, (ABC)$ are tangent at $J$ as desired thus we are done :cool:
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by MathLuis, Mar 13, 2025, 8:16 PM
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AndreiVila
210 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by Lyzstudent
Notice that $X$ and $Y$ are the incenters of $\triangle ABE$ and $\triangle ACF$. Let $X'$ and $Y'$ be the projections of $X$ and $Y$ onto $BC$. Let $T$ and $S$ be the projections of $X$ onto $AE$ and $AB$ respectively, and let $K$ be the tangency point of $\omega$ with $AE$.

Claim 1. The $A$-excircle of $\triangle AEF$ is tangent to $EF$ in $D$.
Proof: Since $IXDY$ is a parallelogram, by projecting onto $BC$ we get that $BX'+BY'=BT+BD$. This is equivalent to $$BE+AB-AE+2BF+FC+AF-AC=BA+BC-AC+2BD.$$Simplifying yields $AE+ED=AF+FD$, which is equivalent to $D$ being the tangency point of the excircle.

Claim 2. Circle $\omega$ is tangent to $(ABC)$.
Proof: By Casey's Theorem, we need to prove that $$b\cdot BD + c\cdot CD = a\cdot AK.$$But $$AK=AT+TK=AT+X'D=AT-BX'+BD=AS-BS+BD=c-2BS+BD.$$With Thales' Theorem, $\frac{BS}{p-b}=\frac{BX}{BI}=\frac{BD}{a},$ so $BS=\frac{BD(p-b)}{a},$ thus getting $AK=\frac{ac+BD(b-c)}{a},$ and the conclusion follows.
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SimplisticFormulas
118 posts
#7
Y by
I found that $X,Y$ are in centres, $XE$ meets $YF$ in $Z=$$A$- excentre of $AEF$ and that$A$ appears to be Miquel point of $IXYZ$.
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markam
4 posts
#10
Y by
sarjinius, what solution did you have in mind at first, when you proposed this problem?
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Lyzstudent
1 post
#11
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AndreiVila wrote:
Notice that $X$ and $Y$ are the incenters of $\triangle ABE$ and $\triangle ACF$. Let $X'$ and $Y'$ be the projections of $X$ and $Y$ onto $BC$. Let $T$ and $S$ be the projections of $X$ onto $AE$ and $AB$ respectively, and let $K$ be the tangency point of $\omega$ with $AE$.

Claim 1. The $A$-excircle of $\triangle AEF$ is tangent to $EF$ in $D$.
Proof: Since $IXDY$ is a parallelogram, by projecting onto $BC$ we get that $BX'+BY'=BT+BD$. This is equivalent to $$BE+AB-AE+2BF+FC+AF-AC=BA+BC-AC+2BD.$$Simplifying yields $AE+ED=AF+FD$, which is equivalent to $D$ being the tangency point of the excircle.

Claim 2. Circle $\omega$ is tangent to $(ABC)$.
Proof: By Casey's Theorem, we need to prove that $$b\cdot BD + c\cdot CD = a\cdot AK.$$But $$AK=AT+TK=AT+X'D=AT-BX'+BD=AS-BS+BD=c-2BS+BD.$$With Thales' Theorem, $\frac{BS}{p-b}=\frac{BX}{BI}=\frac{BD}{a},$ so $BS=\frac{BD(p-b)}{a},$ thus getting $AK=\frac{ac+BD(b-c)}{a},$ and the conclusion follows.
Excellent!!!Much better than the solution above.
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