(where 
are the digits and 
)
For example the permutation sum of 20253 is 
Let 
and 
be two fivedigit integers with the same permutation sum.
.
.
is parallel to side 
is parallel to side 
and tangent to 
satisfy all conditions below:
for all 
for all 
for all 
Y by adityaguharoy, EthanTAoPS, mathematicsy, Adventure10, Mango247, eggymath
Let 
be an isosceles trapezoid with 
. Let 
be the midpoint of 
. Denote by 
and 
the circumcircles of the triangles 
and 
, respectively. Let 
be the crossing point of the tangent to at 
with the tangent to at 
. Prove that 
is tangent to .
Jakob Jurij Snoj, Slovenia
be an isosceles trapezoid with 
. Let 
be the midpoint of 
. Denote by 
and 
the circumcircles of the triangles 
and 
, respectively. Let 
be the crossing point of the tangent to at 
with the tangent to at 
. Prove that 
is tangent to .Jakob Jurij Snoj, Slovenia
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by math90, Feb 23, 2019, 3:30 PM
Reason: Thanks #13
Reason: Thanks #13
be the midpoint of 
.
and 
be the tangents to 
and 
be the tangents to 
and 
at 
and 
respetively and let 
be on 
is tangent to 
and 
,
This clearly implies that the pencil 
is harmonic, thus 
and 
are concurrent. Analogously 
and 
lies on both 
be the intersection of tangents from 
.
is tangent to 
which would give from symmetry that 
is tangent to 
and we would be done.
be a triangle and 
such that 
is tangent to 
is a point on 
such that 
.
and 
is tangent to 
.
is tangent to 
and 
so ![\[\frac{AE}{EF}=\frac{CE}{EF} = \frac{DE}{DF}=\frac{DP'}{DF}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/9/2/6923fa6d068b7ddab61d407efe1b5a531bc1ce6a.png)
Also, ![\[\angle P'DF = \angle ECF + \angle CFE = \angle AEF.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/d/1/2/d127371d7896a3c9de0c4a60b27cb620e21f01ba.png)
Therefore 
so 
and we are done. 
.
.
.
be the intersection of 
.
,
are tangent to 
and 
,
and 
are cyclic trapezoids. We use complex numbers with respect to 
.![[asy] pair C = dir(130); pair E = dir(210); pair D = dir(330); pair F = C*D/E; pair A = 2*E-C; pair B = 2*F-D; filldraw(unitcircle, invisible, deepcyan); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle, lightred); draw(E--F, orange); draw(B--A, orange); draw(C--D, orange); draw(C--A, lightred); draw(B--D, lightred); pair P = 2*E*D/(E+D); draw(E--P--D, deepcyan); draw(E--D, deepcyan); draw(P--A, deepcyan); draw(circumcircle(E, F, A), dotted+deepgreen); pair O = origin; pair M = midpoint(E--D); draw(O--P, dotted+blue);
dot("$C$", C, dir(C)); dot("$E$", E, dir(E)); dot("$D$", D, dir(D)); dot("$F$", F, dir(F)); dot("$A$", A, dir(A)); dot("$B$", B, dir(B)); dot("$P$", P, dir(P)); dot("$O$", O, dir(10)); dot(M);
/* TSQ Source:
C = dir 130 E = dir 210 D = dir 330 F = C*D/E A = 2*E-C B = 2*F-D unitcircle 0.1 lightcyan / deepcyan A--B--C--D--cycle lightred E--F orange B--A orange C--D orange C--A lightred B--D lightred P = 2*E*D/(E+D) E--P--D deepcyan E--D deepcyan P--A deepcyan circumcircle E F A dotted deepgreen O = origin R10 M .= midpoint E--D R315 O--P dotted blue
*/ [/asy]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/1/8/a/18a939e1b4d8fa056a652df77ec696d784e2c079.png)
,
,
,
.
as the intersection of the tangents to 
is tangent to 
.![\[ \frac{F-A}{P-A} = \frac{\frac{xz}{y} - (2y-x)}{\frac{2yz}{y+z} - (2y-x)} = \frac{y+z}{y} \frac{2xz-y(2y-x)}{2yz-(y+z)(2y-x)} = \frac{y+z}{y}. \]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/7/c/a/7ca1114e69fd014d5e68d61d20ec21131333101a.png)
Hence 
equals 
,
is the center of 
.
.
as 
.
are concyclic
.
.
is tangent to 
.
is tangent to 
.
,
tangent to 
.
.
as unit circle and let 
.
is tangent to 
.
and 
and as 
we have 
so 
So we have 
Now 
and 
Hence we are done.
be the point such that 
,
meet 
.
be the midpoints of 
.
is tangent to 
are collinear. Since 
,
,
. We that 
by spiral similarity, Thus
, but since 
,
.
?
be the intersection of tangents to 
at points 
be the intersection of tangents to 
at points 
and 
.
as the interesection of lines 
and 
are similar (since 
and 
)
,
is cyclic. From 
we obtain that 
.
implies similarity 
and 
.
Analagously, triangles 
and 
similar to 
,
Now, note that
But points 
,
.
.
at 
concur and the tangents to 
at 
concur. But 
and 
are tangent, so the problem follows.
are cyclic. If 
,
.
be the lines tangent to 
are concurrent. In fact, we'll even show that 
concur.
.
and 
is the 
H
.
is the midpoint of 
,
by the Midpoint Theorem. Inverting back, we see that 
is tangent to 
,
concur.
.
so 
We prove that 
which is the intersection point from the tangents at 
is on 
This means that we need 
for our claim to be true.
Note that 
so 
which 
becaues 
and as there is only one point 
this point is also on 
and we're done.
as a free variable). Define 
,
.
,
.
![\[\frac{e - a}{p' - a} \div \frac{e - b}{a - b} \in \mathbb{R}\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/2/d/d/2dd795c3301f850b8cd02f958caa3189ddced53b.png)
and we are done by alternate segment theorem.
are tangent to 
such that 
and 
are isosceles and 
so 
is isosceles trapezoid 
(because 
)
as desired
.
hit 
at 
.
to 
are collinear.
is tangent to 
.
so 
.
is a parallelogram, so 
.
and 
.
is cyclic![\[\measuredangle JFI=\measuredangle PFI=\measuredangle FBA=\measuredangle FDC =\measuredangle FDE+\measuredangle EDC=\measuredangle FEI+\measuredangle JEF=\measuredangle JEI\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/8/4/984d4fded19dda1110f5c780b205e19e4b1663b5.png)
.
and 
.![\[-1=(PJ;FG)\overset{\infty_{FH}}{=}(PI;HE)\overset{F}{=}(FA;HE)\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/d/c/bdc1f0ef7c9ae9f351d24a73363dbf5c6ca1cd95.png)
Hence 
is a symmedian and thus 
and 
and 
.
.
.
.![\[ f(C)-f(D) = (CK \cdot CA - CE \cdot CK) - (DF \cdot DK - 0) = CK \cdot EA - DF \cdot DK= CK \cdot EC - DF \cdot DK = 0, \]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/d/e/6de386e1216d6feca8ce05fb24c828ed559e4d94.png)
as desired.
.
is an isosceles trapezoid, the center of 
lies on 
,![\[ \angle PKA = \angle PFA = \angle FEA, \]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/2/e/32e8ba8da231a7eda9f2e454212ef386ad717541.png)
which implies the desired parallelism.
.
.
,
,
,
as the unit circle and redefine 
and 
are tangent to 
However clearly we have,
Also we have,
Then dividing we have,
Taking the conjugate this is simply,
and so we find 
proving the tangency.
and 
Then, 
are collinear as:![\[\measuredangle BFE = \measuredangle BAE = \measuredangle ACD = -\measuredangle EFD.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/7/1/7/717d28d63b1554fedd4bdaa7ad5fd8872c334eac.png)
as![\[\measuredangle BFE = \measuredangle BAC = \measuredangle BDC = \measuredangle FDC.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/1/8/7/1872672f518cbdf135517687d56b7a0c62a49241.png)
as the unit circle.
,
,
We compute
![\[\frac{\frac{1}{e^2} - \frac{1}{cd}}{(\frac{1}{d} + \frac{1}{e})(\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{e})} = \frac{cd-e^2}{(e+d)(e-d)} = \frac{a-p}{a-f} \div \frac{e-a}{e-f}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/2/e/1/2e144edf7dc25e65b04f3606de6928498413c573.png)
giving us 
as needed.
is parallel to the real axis. Then, 
.![\[a=2e-c\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/f/8/0f89e6df3032e86bc540119077be8993babb3d74.png)
and,![\[b=-\overline{a}=-\overline{2e-c}=\frac{e-2c}{ce}\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/8/0/b80da8d0030226d1baacd6e82d47f3977fc3b3c3.png)
Let 
)
Now, we wish to show 
.![\[\arg \left(\frac{e-a}{p-a}\right)=\arg\left(\frac{e-b}{a-b}\right)\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/4/5/b/45b5282e706b028874de9dd08cb80bbbae1c94b3.png)
Thus, we must have 
.
Now, we also have that,
Thus, 
and indeed, 
which implies that 
Redefine 
Since 
we have 
so 
Let 
be the intersection of 
cyclic so 
but this implies 
are tangent to 
Similarly we get 
are tangent to 
so we are done.
![[asy]
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,
cyclic.
congruent to 
as the unit circle and let 
Now redefine 
and due to reflection 
,
Therefore 
thus 
and let 
.
but notice that 
so 
we similarly get 
,
and the conclusion follows from the quadrilateral 
and noting that 
.
with point 
and 
and 
so LOS in 
and 
gives the desired conclusion.
and 
so 
is cyclic. This gives 
so 
,
.![\[\frac{de(d-f)}{(d+e)(2de-ef-2df+d^2)}\in\mathbb{R}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/0/b/30b58adf8f03e2f385864c3349853759e7e214e3.png)
This is not hard to do.
.
,
.
.![\[p'=\frac{2de}{d+e}=\frac{2e}{1+ec}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/4/1/7/417ae11a5454f876e23ac868dc5ddbc2d5412645.png)
Then,![\[P=P'\iff P'\in AA \iff \angle P'AE=\angle ABE,\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/5/8/b586a1cf9dd5d4b6f5de97c2a1d668d8072a9f68.png)
so![\[\frac{\left(\frac{p'-a}{e-a}\right)}{\left(\frac{a-b}{e-b}\right)}=\frac{c(1+ec-2e^2)(-2c+e+e^2c)}{(1+ec)(c-e)(2e^2c-ec^2-2c+e)}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/a/e/2/ae2144bdb801dc46cef362dae3d3d7337d3c9c8a.png)
Conjugating,![\[\left(\overline{\frac{c(1+ec-2e^2)(-2c+e+e^2c)}{(1+ec)(c-e)(2e^2c-ec^2-2c+e)}}\right)=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\frac{e^2c+e-2c}{e^2c}\right)\left(\frac{-2e^2+ec+1}{e^2c}\right)}{\left(\frac{1+ec}{ec}\right)\left(\frac{e-c}{ec}\right)\left(\frac{2c-e-2e^2c+ec^2}{e^2c^2}\right)},\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/a/b/9ab4459c48b173ef5767c636fe71efa40884090c.png)
![\[=\frac{c(1+ec-2e^2)(-2c+e+e^2c)}{(1+ec)(c-e)(2e^2c-ec^2-2c+e)}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/1/6/d/16dda72c8c369411b68e74350377f435462bf002.png)
They are equal, so 
.
to 
.
and 
of 
and 
and showing with lengths that 
.
as well.
to 
.
,
and 
are similiar, implying 
,
