[/quote]
,
,
and 
are such that 
.![\[\sqrt{2-a}+\sqrt{2-b}+\sqrt{2-c}\geqslant 2+\sqrt{(2-a)(2-b)(2-c)}.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/e/4/3e4b336137b17e55bf172d45bd18fe6d5561a827.png)
be positive real numbers so that 
.![\[ \left( a - 1 + \frac 1b \right) \left( b - 1 + \frac 1c \right) \left( c - 1 + \frac 1a \right) \leq 1.
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/7/6/e/76e794a62090c8c4b5f3a70ad4d036669418ca69.png)
has 
different prime divisors. Prove that there exists a positive integer number 
such that 
divides by 
s
n
r
t
hats, numbered from 
hats. After that, each wise man (in turn: first the first, then the second, etc.) loudly calls a number, trying to guess the number of his hat. The numbers mentioned should not be repeated. When all the wise men have spoken, they take off their hats and check which one of them has guessed. Can the sages to act in such a way that at least three of them knowingly guessed?
be an acute triangle with circumcircle 
.
be the midpoint of 
and let 
be the midpoint of 
.
be the foot of the altitude from 
and let 
be the centroid of the triangle 
be a circle through 
.
and 
are collinear.
be the incentre of acute-angled triangle 
,
,
respectively. Let line 
intersect the circumcircle of the triangle at 
and 
,
lies between 
and 
.
is internally tangent to 
at 
and 
be points on line 
is the midpoint of 
and 
is the midpoint of 
.
and 
meet at 
and intersect 
respectively. The ray 
meets the circumcircle of triangle 
again at 
.
.
such that points 
lie on the line 
is tangent to the segments 
and 
and to the circle 
is tangent to the segments 
and 
and to the circle 
and 
intersect at point 
.
be the set of all positive integers. Find all functions 
such that 
divides 
for all positive integers 
and 
board in such a way that every cell of the board is adjacent to exactly one cell covered by a domino. For each 
or 
.
are given. Losyash likes some of the cells of the 
checkerboard. In addition, he is interested in any checkered rectangle with a perimeter of 
,
is symmetric to the orthocenter 
inside triangle 
.
.
is given. Suppose that 
,
and 
are different positive integer numbers such that 
.
.
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Let 
be the orthocenter of an acute-angled triangle 
. The circle 
centered at the midpoint of 
and passing through intersects the sideline at points 
and 
. Similarly, define the points 
, 
, 
and 
.
Prove that the six points, , , , and are concyclic.
Author: Andrey Gavrilyuk, Russia
be the orthocenter of an acute-angled triangle 
. The circle 
centered at the midpoint of 
and passing through intersects the sideline at points 
and 
. Similarly, define the points 
, 
, 
and 
.Prove that the six points
, , , , and are concyclic.Author: Andrey Gavrilyuk, Russia
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by orl, Jul 20, 2008, 8:14 AM
the midpoints of 
and 
.
,
and 
are also perpendicular, and 
lies on the radical axis of 
and 
.
,
and 
all lie on a circle, whose center is clearly 
,
.
and 
also lie on the circle centered at 
and 
,
is perpendicular to the line connecting the centers of these circles, i.e. it is perpendicular to 
,
so 
lie on one circle. From the same reasoning 
and 
lie on a one circle as well. Suppose that this three circles doesn't coincide. Then we obtain a contradiction since radical axis of these circles - the sides of the triangle 
is cyclic consists in transforming the relation 
into 
(where 
and 
are the respective midpoints of ![$ [BC]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/3/5/5/3550468aa97af843ef34b8868728963dec043efe.png)
and ![$ [AC]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/5/b/0/5b08b2b92472414250205866b93405af4772e86c.png)
)
on both sides and applying the generalized version of Pythagoras' theorem (the one with cosines, I ignore the correct English name), we get a condition which is obviously true (simplifying cosines in right-angled triangles)...
is the midpoint of 
therefore 
are cyclic on circle 
lie on 
a
lie on circle 
.
,
be two isogonal points with respect to a given triangle 
,
,
be the orthogonal projections of 
and 
are concyclic. Let 
and 
.
.
circumcenters of the 
and 
respectively and 
midpoints of the segments 
.
.
.
.
.
and 
.
.
we have to prove that 
is symmetric in 
,
is the midpoint of 
is the midpoint 
.
.
is the radical axis of circle 
and 
.
cylcic, by similar argument on 
,
is independent from 
.
.
)
,
of the sides ![$ [CA]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/8/3/b8309224981a62a2c0df087562b92830bd7ad7b0.png)
, ![$ [AB]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/d/7/a/d7a8027c238eec9cf67de0f7ec6cb1df4df49a61.png)
respectively. Prove easily or is well-known that
. Thus, 
(remark that 
a.s.o.).
, 
, 
). In conclusion, 
.
obtain easily that 
.
and 
are the midpoints of 
respectively. Hence, from Midpoint Theorem, 
.
.
to be the circle centered at 
and 
.
.
is the radical axis of 
.
are collinear {i.e. 
lie on a circle. Similarly, 
and 
lie on a circle.
)
are concyclic.
.
,
,
and 
are concyclic then rest of the cases follow similarly.
and 
to be 
and 
respectively.
and 
respectively.
and 
Also since line 
,
Hence, 
and 
intersect on their radical axis.
,
,
and 
,
.![\[
\begin{cases}
A_1HA_2 &: A_1C \cdot CA_2 = CI \cdot CH \\
B_1HB_2 &: B_1C \cdot CB_2 = CI \cdot CH.
\end{cases}
\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/f/f/d/ffd30b16d16de24106a803e6299aeedd89e50b38.png)
Equating yields 
which, by Power of Point, implies 
is cyclic. Similarly, 
and 
are both cyclic, thus 
,
,
were concyclic, then their center would have to be the circumcenter of 
,
is the same as the perpendicular bisector of 
and the same with the other points are equal. Let 
,
,
.
be the point on 
is tangent to 
be the point on 
is tangent to 
and 
,
.
because 
.
,
.
and the vertices be 
s.t. 
and the orthocenter is 
which is symmetric in 
and cyclic variants are all cyclic.
be the intersection of 
,
,
is just the 
and 
and 
at 
lies on 
is the radical axis of 
,
.
are concyclic. Similarly 
and 
are separately concyclic, which follows from symmetry. Hence 
,
be the midpoints of the sides opposite 
be the circles centered at 
and 
and 
,
collinear.
,
are concyclic. Similarly, we can find that 
are concyclic, as are 
they are the same circle and we are done.
and 
by similar triangles. Thus, 
.
and 
;
is the radical axis of the two circles. Therefore, by power of a point, 
.
is 
by power of a point on circle 
.
is 
,
be the midpoint of 
and 
similarly. Note that we label the vertices as 
and 
are perpendicular to 
so it is also perpendicular to 
is cyclic. Similar conclusions follow for 
,
,
are distinct. This provides a contradiction as their radical axes will intersect at 
but they are not collinear so they must be the same circles.
be the midpoints opposite 
We begin by showing that 
are concyclic. Let 
but since 
by the Midpoint Theorem, it follows that 
so 
Therefore, 
and by Power of a Point our claim is proven.
are concyclic, and 
the circumcenter of 
so we are done. QED
.
are concyclic, which finishes.
is parallel to 
are also cyclic. Since the perpendicular bisectors of 
is the same, which we call 
,
are concyclic.
to be collinear where 
(because perpendicular to line joining centers) and 
(orthocenter) are both perpendicular to 
be 
respectively.
must be perpendicular to 
and it also runs through 
Thus, 
are concurrent, we have that there must exist a circle running through 
and another one going through 
However, in all circles, the center is clearly 
