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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
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[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
3^n + 61 is a square
VideoCake   28
N 33 minutes ago by Jupiterballs
Source: 2025 German MO, Round 4, Grade 11/12, P6
Determine all positive integers \(n\) such that \(3^n + 61\) is the square of an integer.
28 replies
VideoCake
May 26, 2025
Jupiterballs
33 minutes ago
Centroid, altitudes and medians, and concyclic points
BR1F1SZ   5
N 36 minutes ago by AshAuktober
Source: Austria National MO Part 1 Problem 2
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be an acute triangle with $BC > AC$. Let $S$ be the centroid of triangle $ABC$ and let $F$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $C$ to side $AB$. The median $CS$ intersects the circumcircle $\gamma$ of triangle $\triangle{ABC}$ at a second point $P$. Let $M$ be the point where $CS$ intersects $AB$. The line $SF$ intersects the circle $\gamma$ at a point $Q$, such that $F$ lies between $S$ and $Q$. Prove that the points $M,P,Q$ and $F$ lie on a circle.

(Karl Czakler)
5 replies
BR1F1SZ
May 5, 2025
AshAuktober
36 minutes ago
An easy number theory problem
TUAN2k8   0
2 hours ago
Source: Own
Find all positive integers $n$ such that there exist positive integers $a$ and $b$ with $a \neq b$ satifying the condition that,
$1) \frac{a^n}{b} + \frac{b^n}{a}$ is an integer.
$2) \frac{a^n}{b} + \frac{b^n}{a} | a^{10}+b^{10}$.
0 replies
TUAN2k8
2 hours ago
0 replies
Polynomial having infinitely many prime divisors
goodar2006   12
N 2 hours ago by quantam13
Source: Iran 3rd round 2011-Number Theory exam-P1
$P(x)$ is a nonzero polynomial with integer coefficients. Prove that there exists infinitely many prime numbers $q$ such that for some natural number $n$, $q|2^n+P(n)$.

Proposed by Mohammad Gharakhani
12 replies
goodar2006
Sep 19, 2012
quantam13
2 hours ago
Reflected point lies on radical axis
Mahdi_Mashayekhi   4
N 2 hours ago by SimplisticFormulas
Source: Iran 2025 second round P4
Given is an acute and scalene triangle $ABC$ with circumcenter $O$. $BO$ and $CO$ intersect the altitude from $A$ to $BC$ at points $P$ and $Q$ respectively. $X$ is the circumcenter of triangle $OPQ$ and $O'$ is the reflection of $O$ over $BC$. $Y$ is the second intersection of circumcircles of triangles $BXP$ and $CXQ$. Show that $X,Y,O'$ are collinear.
4 replies
Mahdi_Mashayekhi
Apr 19, 2025
SimplisticFormulas
2 hours ago
IMO Shortlist 2013, Number Theory #3
lyukhson   49
N 2 hours ago by lakshya2009
Source: IMO Shortlist 2013, Number Theory #3
Prove that there exist infinitely many positive integers $n$ such that the largest prime divisor of $n^4 + n^2 + 1$ is equal to the largest prime divisor of $(n+1)^4 + (n+1)^2 +1$.
49 replies
lyukhson
Jul 10, 2014
lakshya2009
2 hours ago
classical triangle geo - points on circle
Valentin Vornicu   63
N 2 hours ago by endless_abyss
Source: USAMO 2005, problem 3, Zuming Feng
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle, and let $P$ and $Q$ be two points on its side $BC$. Construct a point $C_{1}$ in such a way that the convex quadrilateral $APBC_{1}$ is cyclic, $QC_{1}\parallel CA$, and $C_{1}$ and $Q$ lie on opposite sides of line $AB$. Construct a point $B_{1}$ in such a way that the convex quadrilateral $APCB_{1}$ is cyclic, $QB_{1}\parallel BA$, and $B_{1}$ and $Q$ lie on opposite sides of line $AC$. Prove that the points $B_{1}$, $C_{1}$, $P$, and $Q$ lie on a circle.
63 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Apr 21, 2005
endless_abyss
2 hours ago
easy number theory sequnce problem
skellyrah   3
N 2 hours ago by grupyorum
Source: simillar to 2016 Greece,Team Selection Test,Problem
Define the sequnce ${(a_n)}_{n\ge0}$ by $a_0=3$ and $a_n=2a_{n-1}+1$
Determine all positive integers $m$ such that $\gcd (m,a_n)=1 \ , \ \forall n\geq 0$.
3 replies
skellyrah
2 hours ago
grupyorum
2 hours ago
Finding a subsquare from the main square
goodar2006   2
N 2 hours ago by quantam13
Source: Iran 3rd round 2012-Special Lesson exam-Part 2-P4
Prove that if $n$ is large enough, in every $n\times n$ square that a natural number is written on each one of its cells, one can find a subsquare from the main square such that the sum of the numbers is this subsquare is divisible by $1391$.
2 replies
goodar2006
Sep 15, 2012
quantam13
2 hours ago
Three sets having the same color
goodar2006   2
N 2 hours ago by quantam13
Source: Iran 3rd round 2012-Special Lesson exam-Part 2-P3
Prove that if $n$ is large enough, then for each coloring of the subsets of the set $\{1,2,...,n\}$ with $1391$ colors, two non-empty disjoint subsets $A$ and $B$ exist such that $A$, $B$ and $A\cup B$ are of the same color.
2 replies
goodar2006
Sep 15, 2012
quantam13
2 hours ago
1000 points with distinct pairwise distances
goodar2006   2
N 2 hours ago by quantam13
Source: Iran 3rd round 2012-Special Lesson exam-Part1-P3
Prove that if $n$ is large enough, among any $n$ points of plane we can find $1000$ points such that these $1000$ points have pairwise distinct distances. Can you prove the assertion for $n^{\alpha}$ where $\alpha$ is a positive real number instead of $1000$?
2 replies
goodar2006
Jul 27, 2012
quantam13
2 hours ago
JBMO Shortlist 2023 N3
Orestis_Lignos   10
N 2 hours ago by AylyGayypow009
Source: JBMO Shortlist 2023, N3
Let $A$ be a subset of $\{2,3, \ldots, 28 \}$ such that if $a \in A$, then the residue obtained when we divide $a^2$ by $29$ also belongs to $A$.

Find the minimum possible value of $|A|$.
10 replies
Orestis_Lignos
Jun 28, 2024
AylyGayypow009
2 hours ago
Random concyclicity in a square config
Maths_VC   6
N 3 hours ago by Assassino9931
Source: Serbia JBMO TST 2025, Problem 1
Let $M$ be a random point on the smaller arc $AB$ of the circumcircle of square $ABCD$, and let $N$ be the intersection point of segments $AC$ and $DM$. The feet of the tangents from point $D$ to the circumcircle of the triangle $OMN$ are $P$ and $Q$ , where $O$ is the center of the square. Prove that points $A$, $C$, $P$ and $Q$ lie on a single circle.
6 replies
Maths_VC
May 27, 2025
Assassino9931
3 hours ago
Maxi-inequality
giangtruong13   1
N 3 hours ago by giangtruong13
Let $a,b,c >0$ and $a+b+c=2abc$. Find max: $$P= \sum_{cyc} \frac{a+2}{\sqrt{6(a^2+2)}}$$
1 reply
giangtruong13
Yesterday at 3:42 PM
giangtruong13
3 hours ago
true or false ?
SunnyEvan   5
N Apr 25, 2025 by SunnyEvan
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{3k}{k^4+k+1} \leq \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq k $$Where $ k \geq 1 $
5 replies
SunnyEvan
Apr 20, 2025
SunnyEvan
Apr 25, 2025
true or false ?
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SunnyEvan
142 posts
#1
Y by
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{3k}{k^4+k+1} \leq \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq k $$Where $ k \geq 1 $
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SunnyEvan
142 posts
#4
Y by
Bump for it. :)
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by SunnyEvan, Apr 20, 2025, 12:27 PM
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GeoMorocco
44 posts
#5
Y by
SunnyEvan wrote:
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{3k}{k^4+k+1} \leq \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq k $$Where $ k \geq 1 $

The Right side is easy:
$$ \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq \frac{ka}{a+b+c}+\frac{kb}{b+c+a}+\frac{kc}{c+a+b} =k $$
For the Left side, you can use Cauchy-Schwarz, and let $t = \frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca} \geq 1$. and we only need to prove:
$$\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+(k^4+k)(ab+bc+ca)} = \frac{t+2}{t+k^4+k}\geq \frac{3}{k^4+k+1}$$Or:
$$\frac{(k-1)(t-1)(k^3+k^2+k+1)}{(k^4+k+1)(k^4+k+t)} \geq 0$$which is true.
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by GeoMorocco, Apr 20, 2025, 12:37 PM
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SunnyEvan
142 posts
#6
Y by
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{a}{ka+k^2b+c}+\frac{b}{kb+k^2c+a}+\frac{c}{kc+k^2a+b} \leq \frac{1}{k} \leq   \frac{a}{ka+(2k-1)b+c}+\frac{b}{kb+(2k-1)+a}+\frac{c}{kc+(2k-1)a+b} $$Where $ k \geq 1 $
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by SunnyEvan, Apr 25, 2025, 1:21 PM
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SunnyEvan
142 posts
#7
Y by
GeoMorocco wrote:
SunnyEvan wrote:
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{3k}{k^4+k+1} \leq \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq k $$Where $ k \geq 1 $

The Right side is easy:
$$ \frac{ka}{a+k^4b+kc}+\frac{kb}{b+k^4c+ka}+\frac{kc}{c+k^4a+kb} \leq \frac{ka}{a+b+c}+\frac{kb}{b+c+a}+\frac{kc}{c+a+b} =k $$
For the Left side, you can use Cauchy-Schwarz, and let $\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{ab+bc+ca} \geq 1$. and we only need to prove:
$$\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+(k^4+k)(ab+bc+ca)} = \frac{t+2}{t+k^4+k}\geq \frac{3}{k^4+k+1}$$which is true:
$$\frac{(k-1)(t-1)(k^3+k^2+k+1)}{(k^4+k+1)(k^4+k+t)} \geq 0$$which is true.

Thanks for your help GeoMorocco.
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SunnyEvan
142 posts
#8
Y by
SunnyEvan wrote:
Let $ a,b,c \geq 0 $ Prove that :
$$ \frac{a}{ka+k^2b+c}+\frac{b}{kb+k^2c+a}+\frac{c}{kc+k^2a+b} \leq \frac{1}{k} \leq   \frac{a}{ka+(2k-1)b+c}+\frac{b}{kb+(2k-1)+a}+\frac{c}{kc+(2k-1)a+b} $$Where $ k \geq 1 $

How about this?
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