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Contests & Programs AMC and other contests, summer programs, etc.
AMC and other contests, summer programs, etc.
3 M G
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Trace with minimal polynomial x^n + x - 1
Assassino9931   5
N 3 hours ago by loup blanc
Source: Vojtech Jarnik IMC 2025, Category I, P4
Let $A$ be an $n\times n$ real matrix with minimal polynomial $x^n + x - 1$. Prove that the trace of $(nA^{n-1} + I)^{-1}A^{n-2}$ is zero.
5 replies
Assassino9931
May 2, 2025
loup blanc
3 hours ago
Alternating series and integral
jestrada   5
N 3 hours ago by jestrada
Source: own
Prove that for all $\alpha\in\mathbb{R}, \alpha>-1$, we have
$$ \frac{1}{\alpha+1}-\frac{1}{\alpha+2}+\frac{1}{\alpha+3}-\frac{1}{\alpha+4}+\cdots=\int_0^1 \frac{x^{\alpha}}{x+1}  \,dx. $$
5 replies
jestrada
Saturday at 10:56 PM
jestrada
3 hours ago
Rolles theorem
sasu1ke   5
N 4 hours ago by GentlePanda24

Let \( f: \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R} \) be a twice differentiable function such that
\[
f(0) = 2, \quad f'(0) = -2, \quad \text{and} \quad f(1) = 1.
\]Prove that there exists a point \( \xi \in (0, 1) \) such that
\[
f(\xi) \cdot f'(\xi) + f''(\xi) = 0.
\]

5 replies
sasu1ke
Saturday at 9:00 PM
GentlePanda24
4 hours ago
Convergent series with weight becomes divergent
P_Fazioli   3
N 4 hours ago by solyaris
Initially, my problem was : is it true that if we fix $(b_n)$ positive such that $b_n\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$, then there exists $(a_n)$ positive such that $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}a_n$ converges and $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}a_nb_n$ diverges ?

Thinking about the continuous case : if $g:\mathbb{R}_+\longrightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is continuous, positive with $g(x)\underset{{x}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$, does $f$ continuous and positive exist on $\mathbb{R}_+$ such that $\displaystyle\int_0^{+\infty}f(x)\text{d}x$ converges and $\displaystyle\int_0^{+\infty}f(x)g(x)\text{d}x$ diverges ?

To the last question, the answer seems to be yes if $g$ is in the $\mathcal{C}^1$ class, increasing : I chose $f=\dfrac{g'}{g^2}$. With this idea, I had the idea to define $a_n=\dfrac{b_{n+1}-b_n}{b_n^2}$ but it is not clear that it is ok, even if $(b_n)$ is increasing.

Now I have some questions !

1) The main problem : is it true that if we fix $(b_n)$ positive such that $b_n\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$, then there exists $(a_n)$ positive such that $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}a_n$ converges and $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}a_nb_n$ diverges ? And if $(b_n)$ is increasing ?
2) is it true that if we fix $(b_n)$ positive increasing such that $b_n\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$
and $\frac{b_{n+1}}{b_n}\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow 1$, then $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}\left(\frac{b_{n+1}}{b_n}-1\right)$ diverges ?
3) is it true that if we fix $(b_n)$ positive increasing such that $b_n\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$
and $\frac{b_{n+1}}{b_n}\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow 1$, then $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}\frac{b_{n+1}-b_n}{b_n^2}$ converges ?
4) if $(b_n)$ is positive increasing and such that $b_n\underset{{n}\longrightarrow{+\infty}}\longrightarrow +\infty$
and $\frac{b_{n+1}}{b_n}$ does not converge to $1$, can $\displaystyle\sum_{n\geq 0}\frac{b_{n+1}-b_n}{b_n^2}$ diverge ?
5) for the continuous case, is it true if we suppose $g$ only to be continuous ?

3 replies
P_Fazioli
Today at 5:37 AM
solyaris
4 hours ago
Putnam 1954 B1
sqrtX   6
N 5 hours ago by AshAuktober
Source: Putnam 1954
Show that the equation $x^2 -y^2 =a^3$ has always integral solutions for $x$ and $y$ whenever $a$ is a positive integer.
6 replies
sqrtX
Jul 17, 2022
AshAuktober
5 hours ago
Cube Colouring Problems
Saucepan_man02   1
N Today at 10:43 AM by removablesingularity
Could anyone kindly post some problems (and hopefully along the solution thread/final answer) related to combinatorial colouring of cube?
1 reply
Saucepan_man02
May 3, 2025
removablesingularity
Today at 10:43 AM
D1026 : An equivalent
Dattier   4
N Today at 4:56 AM by 3ch03s
Source: les dattes à Dattier
Let $u_0=1$ and $\forall n \in \mathbb N, u_{2n+1}=\ln(1+u_{2n}), u_{2n+2}=\sin(u_{2n+1})$.

Find an equivalent of $u_n$.
4 replies
Dattier
May 3, 2025
3ch03s
Today at 4:56 AM
Putnam 1947 B1
sqrtX   3
N Yesterday at 5:38 PM by Levieee
Source: Putnam 1947
Let $f(x)$ be a function such that $f(1)=1$ and for $x \geq 1$
$$f'(x)= \frac{1}{x^2 +f(x)^{2}}.$$Prove that
$$\lim_{x\to \infty} f(x)$$exists and is less than $1+ \frac{\pi}{4}.$
3 replies
sqrtX
Apr 3, 2022
Levieee
Yesterday at 5:38 PM
Double Sum
P162008   2
N Yesterday at 3:01 PM by Etkan
Evaluate $\sum_{a=1}^{\infty} \sum_{b=1}^{a + 2} \frac{1}{ab(a + 2)}.$
2 replies
P162008
Yesterday at 12:19 PM
Etkan
Yesterday at 3:01 PM
Summation
Saucepan_man02   4
N Yesterday at 2:47 PM by Etkan
If $P = \sum_{r=1}^{50} \sum_{k=1}^{r} (-1)^{r-1} \frac{\binom{50}{r}}{k}$, then find the value of $P$.

Ans
4 replies
Saucepan_man02
May 3, 2025
Etkan
Yesterday at 2:47 PM
a