Stay ahead of learning milestones! Enroll in a class over the summer!

G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 13 - Aug 26
Thursday, May 29 - Sep 11
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Wednesday, May 7 - Aug 20
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Monday, Apr 7 - Jul 28
Sunday, May 11 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, May 14 - Aug 27
Friday, May 30 - Sep 26
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Thursday, May 15 - Jul 31
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 9 - Sep 24
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19

Introduction to Number Theory
Thursday, Apr 17 - Jul 3
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 30
Tuesday, May 6 - Aug 19
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14

Introduction to Geometry
Wednesday, Apr 23 - Oct 1
Sunday, May 11 - Nov 9
Tuesday, May 20 - Oct 28
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Monday, Apr 21 - Oct 13
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Wednesday, May 21 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2

Intermediate Number Theory
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3

Precalculus
Wednesday, Apr 9 - Sep 3
Friday, May 16 - Oct 24
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Tuesday, May 27 - Nov 11
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Friday, May 23 - Aug 15
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, May 11 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Sunday, May 11 - Jun 8
Tuesday, May 27 - Jun 17
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21

AMC 12 Problem Series
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22

AMC 12 Final Fives
Sunday, May 18 - Jun 15

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!


MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Thursday, May 22 - Aug 7
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Tuesday, May 13 - Jul 29
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15

Physics 1: Mechanics
Thursday, May 22 - Oct 30
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15

Relativity
Sat & Sun, Apr 26 - Apr 27 (4:00 - 7:00 pm ET/1:00 - 4:00pm PT)
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Cyclic points and concurrency [1st Lemoine circle]
shobber   10
N an hour ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: China TST 2005
Let $\omega$ be the circumcircle of acute triangle $ABC$. Two tangents of $\omega$ from $B$ and $C$ intersect at $P$, $AP$ and $BC$ intersect at $D$. Point $E$, $F$ are on $AC$ and $AB$ such that $DE \parallel BA$ and $DF \parallel CA$.
(1) Prove that $F,B,C,E$ are concyclic.

(2) Denote $A_{1}$ the centre of the circle passing through $F,B,C,E$. $B_{1}$, $C_{1}$ are difined similarly. Prove that $AA_{1}$, $BB_{1}$, $CC_{1}$ are concurrent.
10 replies
shobber
Jun 27, 2006
Ilikeminecraft
an hour ago
Hard functional equation
Jessey   4
N an hour ago by jasperE3
Source: Belarus 2005
Find all functions $f:N -$> $N$ that satisfy $f(m-n+f(n)) = f(m)+f(n)$, for all $m, n$$N$.
4 replies
Jessey
Mar 11, 2020
jasperE3
an hour ago
Vertices of a convex polygon if and only if m(S) = f(n)
orl   12
N an hour ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO Shortlist 2000, C3
Let $ n \geq 4$ be a fixed positive integer. Given a set $ S = \{P_1, P_2, \ldots, P_n\}$ of $ n$ points in the plane such that no three are collinear and no four concyclic, let $ a_t,$ $ 1 \leq t \leq n,$ be the number of circles $ P_iP_jP_k$ that contain $ P_t$ in their interior, and let \[m(S)=a_1+a_2+\cdots + a_n.\]Prove that there exists a positive integer $ f(n),$ depending only on $ n,$ such that the points of $ S$ are the vertices of a convex polygon if and only if $ m(S) = f(n).$
12 replies
orl
Aug 10, 2008
Maximilian113
an hour ago
Imo Shortlist Problem
Lopes   35
N 2 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO Shortlist 2000, Problem N4
Find all triplets of positive integers $ (a,m,n)$ such that $ a^m + 1 \mid (a + 1)^n$.
35 replies
Lopes
Feb 27, 2005
Maximilian113
2 hours ago
Inspired by Humberto_Filho
sqing   0
2 hours ago
Source: Own
Let $ a,b\geq 0 $ and $a + b \leq 2$. Prove that
$$\frac{a^2+1}{(( a+ b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{1}{25} $$$$\frac{(a^2+1)(b^2+1)}{((a+b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{4}{25} $$$$ \frac{a^2+1}{(( a+ 2b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{1}{289} $$$$ \frac{a^2+1}{((2a+ b)^2+1)^2} \geq  \frac{5}{289} $$


0 replies
sqing
2 hours ago
0 replies
Inequalities
Scientist10   2
N 2 hours ago by arqady
If $x, y, z \in \mathbb{R}$, then prove that the following inequality holds:
\[
\sum_{\text{cyc}} \sqrt{1 + \left(x\sqrt{1 + y^2} + y\sqrt{1 + x^2}\right)^2} \geq \sum_{\text{cyc}} xy + 2\sum_{\text{cyc}} x
\]
2 replies
Scientist10
Yesterday at 6:36 PM
arqady
2 hours ago
$n$ with $2000$ divisors divides $2^n+1$ (IMO 2000)
Valentin Vornicu   65
N 2 hours ago by ray66
Source: IMO 2000, Problem 5, IMO Shortlist 2000, Problem N3
Does there exist a positive integer $ n$ such that $ n$ has exactly 2000 prime divisors and $ n$ divides $ 2^n + 1$?
65 replies
Valentin Vornicu
Oct 24, 2005
ray66
2 hours ago
Find the smallest of sum of elements
hlminh   0
2 hours ago
Let $S=\{1,2,...,2014\}$ and $X=\{a_1,a_2,...,a_{30}\}$ is a subset of $S$ such that if $a,b\in X,a+b\leq 2014$ then $a+b\in X.$ Find the smallest of $\dfrac{a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_{30}}{30}.$
0 replies
hlminh
2 hours ago
0 replies
Easy IMO 2023 NT
799786   133
N 2 hours ago by Maximilian113
Source: IMO 2023 P1
Determine all composite integers $n>1$ that satisfy the following property: if $d_1$, $d_2$, $\ldots$, $d_k$ are all the positive divisors of $n$ with $1 = d_1 < d_2 < \cdots < d_k = n$, then $d_i$ divides $d_{i+1} + d_{i+2}$ for every $1 \leq i \leq k - 2$.
133 replies
799786
Jul 8, 2023
Maximilian113
2 hours ago
Complicated FE
XAN4   2
N 2 hours ago by cazanova19921
Source: own
Find all solutions for the functional equation $f(xyz)+\sum_{cyc}f(\frac{yz}x)=f(x)\cdot f(y)\cdot f(z)$, in which $f$: $\mathbb R^+\rightarrow\mathbb R^+$
Note: the solution is actually quite obvious - $f(x)=x^n+\frac1{x^n}$, but the proof is important.
Note 2: it is likely that the result can be generalized into a more advanced questions, potentially involving more bash.
2 replies
XAN4
Yesterday at 11:53 AM
cazanova19921
2 hours ago
Cute diophantine
TestX01   0
3 hours ago
Find all sequences of four consecutive integers such that twice their product is perfect square minus nine.
0 replies
TestX01
3 hours ago
0 replies
\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\geq a^2+\sqrt{a+ b^2} \geq \frac{1}{4}
sqing   1
N 3 hours ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $a,b\geq  0 $ and $3a+4b =1 .$ Prove that
$$\frac{2}{3}\geq a +\sqrt{a^2+ 4b^2}\geq  \frac{6}{13}$$$$\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\geq a^2+\sqrt{a+ b^2} \geq  \frac{1}{4}$$$$2\geq a+\sqrt{a^2+16b} \geq  \frac{2}{3}\geq  a+\sqrt{a^2+16b^3} \geq  \frac{2(725-8\sqrt{259})}{729}$$
1 reply
sqing
Oct 3, 2023
sqing
3 hours ago
Stronger inequality than an old result
KhuongTrang   22
N 3 hours ago by KhuongTrang
Source: own, inspired
Problem. Find the best constant $k$ satisfying $$(ab+bc+ca)\left[\frac{1}{(a+b)^{2}}+\frac{1}{(b+c)^{2}}+\frac{1}{(c+a)^{2}}\right]\ge \frac{9}{4}+k\cdot\frac{a(a-b)(a-c)+b(b-a)(b-c)+c(c-a)(c-b)}{(a+b+c)^{3}}$$holds for all $a,b,c\ge 0: ab+bc+ca>0.$
22 replies
KhuongTrang
Aug 1, 2024
KhuongTrang
3 hours ago
Something nice
KhuongTrang   26
N 3 hours ago by KhuongTrang
Source: own
Problem. Given $a,b,c$ be non-negative real numbers such that $ab+bc+ca=1.$ Prove that

$$\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{b+1}+\sqrt{c+1}\le 1+2\sqrt{a+b+c+abc}.$$
26 replies
KhuongTrang
Nov 1, 2023
KhuongTrang
3 hours ago
Proving ∠BHF=90
BarisKoyuncu   17
N Apr 2, 2025 by jordiejoh
Source: IGO 2021 Advanced P1
Acute-angled triangle $ABC$ with circumcircle $\omega$ is given. Let $D$ be the midpoint of $AC$, $E$ be the foot of altitude from $A$ to $BC$, and $F$ be the intersection point of $AB$ and $DE$. Point $H$ lies on the arc $BC$ of $\omega$ (the one that does not contain $A$) such that $\angle BHE=\angle ABC$. Prove that $\angle BHF=90^\circ$.
17 replies
BarisKoyuncu
Dec 30, 2021
jordiejoh
Apr 2, 2025
Proving ∠BHF=90
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: IGO 2021 Advanced P1
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
BarisKoyuncu
577 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr, buddyram, ItsBesi
Acute-angled triangle $ABC$ with circumcircle $\omega$ is given. Let $D$ be the midpoint of $AC$, $E$ be the foot of altitude from $A$ to $BC$, and $F$ be the intersection point of $AB$ and $DE$. Point $H$ lies on the arc $BC$ of $\omega$ (the one that does not contain $A$) such that $\angle BHE=\angle ABC$. Prove that $\angle BHF=90^\circ$.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
BarisKoyuncu
577 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by teomihai, miko286k, Rounak_iitr
Let $HE\cap \omega=\{H, K\}$.
We have $\angle ABC=\angle BHE=\angle BHK=\angle BCK\Rightarrow ABCK$ is an isosceles trapezoid.
Hence, $AK//BC\Rightarrow \angle EAK=90^\circ$.
Let $L$ be the symmetry of $E$ wrt $D$.
We know that $AECL$ is a rectangle. Hence, $\angle EAL=90^\circ=\angle EAK\Rightarrow A, K, L$ are collinear.
Let $LC\cap \omega=\{C,T\}$.

Apply Pascal to $KABCTH$.
We have $KA\cap CT=L, BC\cap KH=E$. Hence, $AB\cap TH$ lies on $LE$. Also, $AB\cap LE=F$. Thus, $F$ lies on $TH$. Then, $\angle BHT=\angle BCT=\angle ECL=90^\circ\Rightarrow \angle BHF=90^\circ$, as desired.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
guptaamitu1
656 posts
#3
Y by
Let $L = \overline{AE} \cap \omega \ne A, A' = \overline{HE} \cap \omega \ne H$ and $B_0$ be the antipode of $B$ wrt $\omega$. Our problem is equivalent to showing that points $F,H,B_0$ are collinear.
[asy]
size(200);
pair A = dir(120),B=dir(-155),C=dir(-25),O=(0,0);
draw(unitcircle);
dot("$A$",A,dir(A));
dot("$B$",B,dir(B));
dot("$C$",C,dir(C));
pair Ap = dir(60), E = foot(A,B,C), D = 1/2*(A+C), F = extension(A,B,D,E),H = IP(E--2*E-Ap,unitcircle);
dot("$A'$",Ap,dir(Ap));
dot("$H$",H,dir(-90));
dot("$E$",E,dir(130));
dot("$D$",D,dir(D));
dot("$F$",F,dir(F));
pair L = 2*E - A - B - C, B0 = -B;
dot("$L$",L,dir(20));
dot("$B_0$",B0,dir(B0));
draw(B--C^^A--Ap,red);
draw(C--A--F,royalblue);
draw(B--B0^^L--Ap,purple);
draw(B--Ap^^F--D,green);
draw(A--L^^H--Ap,brown);
draw(F--B0,dashed);
[/asy]
Note that $A'$ is the reflection of $A$ in the perpendicular bisector of segment $BC$ and so $A'L$ is a diameter of $\omega$, in particular $\overline{BA'} \parallel \overline{B_0L}$. Now Pascal on $BALB_0HA'$ gives that our problem is equivalent to $\overline{DE} \parallel \overline{BA'}$. But that is clear as $D$ is the circumcenter of $\triangle AEC$ which gives $\angle DEC = \angle A'BC = \angle C$. $\blacksquare$
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Kimchiks926
256 posts
#5 • 4 Y
Y by teomihai, Mehrshad, Sondat_theorem, Rounak_iitr
Solution
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Fedor Bakharev
181 posts
#6
Y by
Proposed by Harris Leung - Hong Kong
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
hectorraul
363 posts
#7
Y by
Let $A'\in\omega$ be such that $AA'\parallel BC$.

1- trivially $A',E,H$ are collinear.
2- with Menelaus you get $BF=\frac{c\cdot BE}{EC-BE}=\frac{c\cdot BE}{AA'}$.
3- $\frac{BE}{A'E}=\frac{BH}{A'C}=\frac{BH}{c}\Rightarrow BH=\frac{c\cdot BE}{A'E}$
4- angle chasing to show $\angle FBH=\angle AA'E$.
5- use everything to show $\triangle BHF\sim\triangle A'AE$.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by hectorraul, Jan 10, 2022, 7:23 AM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
SerdarBozdag
892 posts
#8
Y by
$B'$ is the antipode of $B$ wrt $(ABC)$. Define $H=FB' \cap (ABC)$. It is enough to prove that $\angle BHE=\angle ABC$.

$\textbf{Claim:}$ $HBE \sim HAC$.
Proof: $\angle HBE= \angle HAC$ and $$\frac{HB}{HA}\overset{\text{ratio lemma}}=\frac{FB}{FA} \cdot \frac{B'A}{B'B}\overset{\text{Menelaus}}=\frac{CD}{AD} \cdot \frac{EB}{EC} \cdot \frac{B'A}{B'B}=EB \cdot \frac{B'A}{CE \cdot B'B}\overset{BAB' \sim AEC}=\frac{EB}{AC}$$as needed.$\square$

Thus $\angle BHE=\angle AHC=\angle ABC$ as desired. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by SerdarBozdag, Jan 15, 2022, 4:41 PM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Neo-Pythagorean
72 posts
#9
Y by
Let $H'$ be the second intersection of the circumcircles of $\triangle{ABC}$ and $\triangle{AEF}$. We have that $\angle{AH'F}=\angle{AEF}=90^\circ+\angle{C}$ and $\angle{AH'B}=\angle{C}$, so $\angle{BH'F}=\angle{AH'F}-\angle{AH'B}=90^\circ$. So, it suffices to show that $H'\equiv{H} \Longleftrightarrow \angle{BH'E}=\angle{ABC}$. We have $\angle{AH'E}=\angle{AFE}=\angle{AED}-\angle{BAE}=(90^\circ-\angle{C})-(90^\circ-\angle{B})=\angle{B}-\angle{C} \Longrightarrow \angle{BH'E}=\angle{BH'A}+\angle{AH'E}=\angle{ABC}$. The proof is complete.
Attachments:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sanyalarnab
930 posts
#10 • 1 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr
Three liner solution :
$$\angle EHC=\angle BHC-\angle BHE=180^o-A-B=C=\angle DCE=\angle DEC$$Thus from condition of tangency we have $(HEC)$ is tangent to the line $DF$ at $E$.
Thus,
$$\angle FAH=\angle BAH=\angle BCH=\angle FEH \implies AEHF \text{is cyclic.}$$Thus $$\angle BHF=\angle AHF-\angle AHB=\angle AEF-\angle ACB=90^o+C-C=90^o$$as desired.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
VJ22
42 posts
#11
Y by
$\angle HBC+\angle BAH=\angle A$, So, $\angle AHB=\angle C$, Thus, by obvious chase $AEHF$ is cyclic.So, done.
Note:- I didn't cheat above solutions.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by VJ22, Apr 20, 2022, 5:32 PM
Reason: .
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Mahdi_Mashayekhi
694 posts
#12
Y by
Let $AEF$ meet $ABC$ at $H'$.
Claim $: \angle BH'F = \angle 90$.
Proof $:$ Note that $\angle AH'F = \angle AEF = \angle 90 + \angle BEF = \angle 90 + \angle DEC = \angle 90 + \angle DCE = \angle 90 + \angle ACB = \angle 90 + \angle AH'B \implies BH'F = \angle 90$.
Claim $: \angle BH'E = \angle ABC$
Proof $:$ Note that $\angle BEH' = \angle BEF + \angle FEH' = \angle ACB + \angle FAH' = \angle ACB + \angle BAH' = \angle ACB + \angle BCH' = \angle ACH' = \angle FBH' \implies FB$ is tangent to $BEH' \implies \angle BH'E = ABC$ so $H'$ is $H$.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Mahdi_Mashayekhi, Jul 25, 2022, 6:52 AM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
UI_MathZ_25
116 posts
#13
Y by
Claim: $AEHF$ is cyclic.
Proof: It's clear that $D$ is circumcenter of $\triangle AEC$, then $DA = DE = DC$. Notice that $\angle AFE = \angle AFD = 180^{\circ} - \angle FAD -\angle FDA = 180^{\circ} - \angle BAC - 2\angle ACB$.
Now $\angle BHE = \angle ABC = AHC$ $\Rightarrow$ $\angle CHE = \angle ACB = \angle AHB$ then $\angle AHE = \angle BHC - \angle AHB - \angle CHE= 180^{\circ} - \angle BAC - 2\angle ACB = \angle AFE$ $\square$
Finally, $\angle BHF = \angle AHF - \angle BHA = \angle AEF - \angle ACB = 90^{\circ} + \angle BEF - \angle ACB \stackrel{DE=DC}{=} = 90^{\circ}$ $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by UI_MathZ_25, Dec 17, 2022, 4:46 AM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
JarJarBinks
36 posts
#14 • 1 Y
Y by Rounak_iitr
Solution 1 (Angle chasing)
Solution 2 (√bc/2 inversion)
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by JarJarBinks, Apr 11, 2023, 12:19 PM
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
flower417477
364 posts
#15
Y by
I know it is to some above but just for storage
storage
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
noppi_kun
16 posts
#16
Y by
$\angle FEH=\angle BEH-\angle BEF=\angle ACH-\angle DEC=\angle ACH-\angle ACB=\angle BCH=\angle FAH$ so we get $A,E,H,F$ are concyclic. Thus, $\angle BHF=180^\circ-\angle BAE-\angle BHE=180^\circ-(90^\circ-\angle ABC)-\angle ABC=90^\circ$ as desired.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
noppi_kun
16 posts
#17
Y by
This point H is also point X in ISL2011G4. I thought I could use that problem, but it was superfluous lol.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sami1618
896 posts
#18
Y by
Let the point $A'$ be the reflection of $A$ about the perpendicular bisector of $BC$. Let $B'$ be the antipode of $B$ w.r.t $w$. Let $CB'$ and $A'A$ intersect at $X$. Let $B'H$ intersect $AB$ at $F'$. Then applying Pascals Theorem on $BCB'HA'A$. We get that the point $X$, $E$, and $F'$ are collinear. Since $X$ lies on $ED$ ($AECX$ is a rectangle) we must have $F=F'$. Now $\angle BHF =\angle BHB'=90^{\circ}$.
Attachments:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
jordiejoh
5 posts
#19
Y by
Claim 1: $AEHF$ is cyclic.
Notice that $\angle FBE+\angle EFB=\angle FEC \iff \angle ABC+\angle EFA=\angle FEC$, In circumcircle of $\triangle AEC$ with $D$ midpoint of diameter $AC$, We obtain that $\angle FEC=\angle DEC=\angle ECD$, also we have $\angle ECD=\angle ECA=\angle BHA=\angle BHE+\angle EHA$ by $ABHC$ cyclic. then $\angle BHE+\angle EHA=\angle ABC+\angle EFA \iff \angle EHA=\angle EFA$ that means $AEHF$ is cyclic.

We know that $\angle FAE=180^\circ-\angle EAB \iff 180^\circ=\angle FAE+\angle EAB$. By Claim 1, we obtain that $180^\circ=\angle FAE+\angle EHF$, then $\angle FAE+\angle EAB=\angle FAE+\angle EHF \iff \angle EAB=\angle EHF$. Notice in $\triangle EAB$ that $\angle EAB=90^\circ-\angle ABE\iff \angle EAB=90^\circ-\angle ABC$ and then $\angle EHF=90^\circ-\angle ABC \iff \angle EHF+\angle ABC=90^\circ$. By hypothesis, we obtain that $\angle EHF+\angle ABC=90^\circ \iff \angle EHF+\angle BHE=90^\circ \iff \angle BHF=90^\circ$ and we are done.
Attachments:
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by jordiejoh, Apr 2, 2025, 5:39 AM
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a