[/quote]
,
on the diagonal 
of a given rectangle 
,
.
is the intersection point between 
and the parallel line to 
that contains 
.
is equilateral if and only if 
![$P \in \mathbb R[x,y]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/8/a/0/8a0576299e976c51607959fb68c7c742b2a49c6a.png)
with ![$P \not\in \mathbb R[x] \cup \mathbb R[y]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/a/f/7/af71ba8c643d5bd8a2928fa6714ccd91713bd641.png)
and 
homeomorphismes of 
,
is an homoemorphisme too.
checkered board is cut into several squares with integer side length. The size of a square is it's side length.
such that 
is divisible by 
,
is divisible by 
,
is divisible by 
.
?
and a positive integer 
is given.
and for each 
![\[f_n(k)=\frac{a_n+\dots+a_{k+1}}{n-k}-\frac{a_k+\dots+a_1}{k}\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/4/1/041f80cf63f17c0f62c166021af474a5d305eb87.png)
Then for every integer 
the condition![\[a_{n+1}=\max_{0\leq k<n}(f_n(k))\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/1/f/b1f5aff787de8fc9c113cf8441a6b2900a19f24f.png)
is satisfied. Prove that this sequence must be eventually constant.
be a positive integer. We are given a 
board whose unit squares are colored in black and white in such way that starting with the top left square, every third diagonal is colored in black and the rest of the board is in white. In one move, one can take a 
square and change the color of all its squares in such way that white squares become orange, orange ones become black and black ones become white. Find all 
flips (if 
)
![$Q\in \{-1,1,0\}[x]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/b/4/0/b404c8d6415aaf3d4442cc5381f582c1f8f8b996.png)
with 
.![$\exists P \in \mathbb Z[x]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/a/2/e/a2e67dd74df9971ca90d1a5d81c1c8e1f3982276.png)
palindrom with 
?
and city 
has a bidirectional road of lengths 
if and only if 
and 
is a prime number.
has incentre 
and incircle touching 
at 
.
be the antipode of 
in the circumcircle of 
is chosen on the internal angle bisector of 
such that 
.
,
be the midpoint of 
.
for which:
for all 
.
particles on a circle situated at the vertices of a regular 
be the smallest number of collisions after which all particles return to their original positions. Find 
Y by
In the cells of a 
board, Julián writes all the integers from 
to 
(inclusive) in any order of his choice, without repeating numbers. For every three consecutive cells on the board, the cell containing the middle value of the three numbers in those cells is marked. For example, if the three numbers are 
, 
and 
, then the cell with is marked. Let 
be the sum of all the numbers in the marked cells. Determine the minimum value that can take.
Note: Each marked number contributes to the sum exactly once, but it can be marked multiple times.
board, Julián writes all the integers from 
to 
(inclusive) in any order of his choice, without repeating numbers. For every three consecutive cells on the board, the cell containing the middle value of the three numbers in those cells is marked. For example, if the three numbers are 
, 
and 
, then the cell with is marked. Let 
be the sum of all the numbers in the marked cells. Determine the minimum value that can take.Note: Each marked number contributes to the sum
exactly once, but it can be marked multiple times.
