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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
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[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
3^n + 61 is a square
VideoCake   28
N 14 minutes ago by Jupiterballs
Source: 2025 German MO, Round 4, Grade 11/12, P6
Determine all positive integers \(n\) such that \(3^n + 61\) is the square of an integer.
28 replies
VideoCake
May 26, 2025
Jupiterballs
14 minutes ago
Centroid, altitudes and medians, and concyclic points
BR1F1SZ   5
N 17 minutes ago by AshAuktober
Source: Austria National MO Part 1 Problem 2
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be an acute triangle with $BC > AC$. Let $S$ be the centroid of triangle $ABC$ and let $F$ be the foot of the perpendicular from $C$ to side $AB$. The median $CS$ intersects the circumcircle $\gamma$ of triangle $\triangle{ABC}$ at a second point $P$. Let $M$ be the point where $CS$ intersects $AB$. The line $SF$ intersects the circle $\gamma$ at a point $Q$, such that $F$ lies between $S$ and $Q$. Prove that the points $M,P,Q$ and $F$ lie on a circle.

(Karl Czakler)
5 replies
BR1F1SZ
May 5, 2025
AshAuktober
17 minutes ago
Easy one
irregular22104   1
N 32 minutes ago by IceyCold
Given two positive integers $a,b$ written on the board. We apply the following rule: At each step, we will add all the numbers that are the sum of the two numbers on the board so that the sum does not appear on the board. For example, if the two initial numbers are $2,5$; then the numbers on the board after step 1 are $2,5,7$; after step 2 are $2,5,7,9,12;...$
1) With $a = 3$; $b = 12$, prove that the number 2024 cannot appear on the board.
2) With $a = 2$; $b = 34$, prove that the number 2024 can appear on the board.
1 reply
irregular22104
May 6, 2025
IceyCold
32 minutes ago
Own Problem
BinariouslyRandom   1
N 35 minutes ago by zacharveyyyy
LuAn is a renowned treasure hunter from Muntinlupa City. One day while patrolling the jungles of Mindanao, he found a safe with the following problem written on it:
[quote]Convert \(50392420515\) (base-10) into base-\(n\), where \(n\) is the smallest integer that has 8 factors. The answer will be the code to the safe.[/quote]
What is the secret password?

Note: If n > 10, A = 11, B = 12, and so on.
1 reply
BinariouslyRandom
Yesterday at 11:21 AM
zacharveyyyy
35 minutes ago
An easy number theory problem
TUAN2k8   0
an hour ago
Source: Own
Find all positive integers $n$ such that there exist positive integers $a$ and $b$ with $a \neq b$ satifying the condition that,
$1) \frac{a^n}{b} + \frac{b^n}{a}$ is an integer.
$2) \frac{a^n}{b} + \frac{b^n}{a} | a^{10}+b^{10}$.
0 replies
TUAN2k8
an hour ago
0 replies
Polynomial having infinitely many prime divisors
goodar2006   12
N an hour ago by quantam13
Source: Iran 3rd round 2011-Number Theory exam-P1
$P(x)$ is a nonzero polynomial with integer coefficients. Prove that there exists infinitely many prime numbers $q$ such that for some natural number $n$, $q|2^n+P(n)$.

Proposed by Mohammad Gharakhani
12 replies
goodar2006
Sep 19, 2012
quantam13
an hour ago
Find x^2 + y^2
Darealzolt   2
N an hour ago by ohiorizzler1434
Let \(x,y\) be positive real numbers that fulfill
\[
\frac{x^2}{y^2}+\frac{4x^2-3xy-4y^2}{2xy-5y^2}=2
\]Hence find the value of \(x^2+y^2\)
2 replies
Darealzolt
2 hours ago
ohiorizzler1434
an hour ago
[PMO27 Qualis] III.4 Grid path (sort of)
aops-g5-gethsemanea2   3
N 2 hours ago by tapilyoca
How many ways are there to write each integer from \( 1 \) to \( 6 \) on a different unit square of a \( 3 \times 3 \) square grid, such that consecutive integers are on adjacent squares, and \( 1 \) is not adjacent to \( 6 \)? (Note that adjacent squares are squares that share a common side.)
3 replies
aops-g5-gethsemanea2
Jan 29, 2025
tapilyoca
2 hours ago
NT problem
toanrathay   0
2 hours ago
Let $p$ be a prime and $m,n$ be positive integers such that $m>1$ and $\dfrac{m^{pn}-1}{m^n-1}$ is prime. Prove that $pn\mid (p-1)^n+1.$
0 replies
toanrathay
2 hours ago
0 replies
[PMO19 Areas I.18] easy combi
tapilyoca   2
N 2 hours ago by tapilyoca
A railway passes through four towns $A$, $B$, $C$, and $D$. The railway forms a complete loop, as shown below, and trains go in both directions. Suppose that a trip between two adjacent towns costs one ticket. Using exactly eight tickets, how many distinct ways are there of traveling from town $A$ and ending at town $A$? (You may pass through town $A$ in the middle).

IMAGE
2 replies
tapilyoca
2 hours ago
tapilyoca
2 hours ago
Original Problem
wonderboy807   0
2 hours ago
f(0)=f(1)=1. \frac{f(n)f(n-m+1)}{f(n-m)} + \frac{f(n+1)f(n-m)}{f(m-n)} = \frac{f(n+2)f(n-m)f(m-n)}{f(n-m+1)f(m-n+1)}. Find f(10).

Answer: Click to reveal hidden text

Solution: Click to reveal hidden text
0 replies
wonderboy807
2 hours ago
0 replies
rare creative geo problem spotted in the wild
abbominable_sn0wman   4
N 3 hours ago by abbominable_sn0wman
The following is the construction of the twindragon fractal.

Let $I_0$ be the solid square region with vertices at
\[
(0, 0), \left(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{1}{2}\right), (1, 0), \left(\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}\right).
\]
Recursively, the region $I_{n+1}$ consists of two copies of $I_n$: one copy which is rotated $45^\circ$ counterclockwise around the origin and scaled by a factor of $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, and another copy which is also rotated $45^\circ$ counterclockwise around the origin and scaled by a factor of $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$, and then translated by $\left(\frac{1}{2}, -\frac{1}{2}\right)$.

We have displayed $I_0$ and $I_1$ below.

Let $I_\infty$ be the limiting region of the sequence $I_0, I_1, \dots$.

The area of the smallest convex polygon which encloses $I_\infty$ can be written as $\frac{a}{b}$ for relatively prime positive integers $a$ and $b$. Find $a + b$.
4 replies
abbominable_sn0wman
Yesterday at 6:04 PM
abbominable_sn0wman
3 hours ago
Indonesia Juniors 2012 day 2 OSN SMP
parmenides51   3
N 3 hours ago by Rayholr123
p1. One day, a researcher placed two groups of species that were different, namely amoeba and bacteria in the same medium, each in a certain amount (in unit cells). The researcher observed that on the next day, which is the second day, it turns out that every cell species divide into two cells. On the same day every cell amoeba prey on exactly one bacterial cell. The next observation carried out every day shows the same pattern, that is, each cell species divides into two cells and then each cell amoeba prey on exactly one bacterial cell. Observation on day $100$ shows that after each species divides and then each amoeba cell preys on exactly one bacterial cell, it turns out kill bacteria. Determine the ratio of the number of amoeba to the number of bacteria on the first day.


p2. It is known that $n$ is a positive integer. Let $f(n)=\frac{4n+\sqrt{4n^2-1}}{\sqrt{2n+1}+\sqrt{2n-1}}$.
Find $f(13) + f(14) + f(15) + ...+ f(112).$


p3. Budi arranges fourteen balls, each with a radius of $10$ cm. The first nine balls are placed on the table so that
form a square and touch each other. The next four balls placed on top of the first nine balls so that they touch each other. The fourteenth ball is placed on top of the four balls, so that it touches the four balls. If Bambang has fifty five balls each also has a radius of $10$ cm and all the balls are arranged following the pattern of the arrangement of the balls made by Budi, calculate the height of the center of the topmost ball is measured from the table surface in the arrangement of the balls done by Bambang.


p4. Given a triangle $ABC$ whose sides are $5$ cm, $ 8$ cm, and $\sqrt{41}$ cm. Find the maximum possible area of the rectangle can be made in the triangle $ABC$.


p5. There are $12$ people waiting in line to buy tickets to a show with the price of one ticket is $5,000.00$ Rp.. Known $5$ of them they only have $10,000$ Rp. in banknotes and the rest is only has a banknote of $5,000.00$ Rp. If the ticket seller initially only has $5,000.00$ Rp., what is the probability that the ticket seller have enough change to serve everyone according to their order in the queue?
3 replies
parmenides51
Nov 3, 2021
Rayholr123
3 hours ago
2018 Sipnayan Junior Highscool Semifinals A Average.1
wonderboy807   0
3 hours ago
Let f(1) = 2016 , f(2) = 2018 ,

f(n) = [f(n-1)]^2 + [f(n-2)]^2 \quad \text{for all } n \geq 3.

What is the units digit of f(2018) ?

Answer: Click to reveal hidden text

Solution: Click to reveal hidden text
0 replies
wonderboy807
3 hours ago
0 replies
confusing inequality
giangtruong13   5
N Apr 20, 2025 by arqady
Let $a,b,c>0$ such that: $a^2b^2+ c^2b^2+ a^2c^2=3(abc)^2$. Prove that: $$\sum \frac{b+c}{a} \geq 2\sqrt{3(ab+bc+ca)}$$
5 replies
giangtruong13
Apr 18, 2025
arqady
Apr 20, 2025
confusing inequality
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giangtruong13
151 posts
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Let $a,b,c>0$ such that: $a^2b^2+ c^2b^2+ a^2c^2=3(abc)^2$. Prove that: $$\sum \frac{b+c}{a} \geq 2\sqrt{3(ab+bc+ca)}$$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by giangtruong13, Apr 20, 2025, 3:02 PM
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arqady
30261 posts
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giangtruong13 wrote:
Let $a,b,c>0$ such that: $a^2b^2+ c^2b^2+ a^2c^2=3(abc)^2$. Prove that: $$\sum \frac{a}{b+c} \geq 2\sqrt{3(ab+bc+ca)}$$
It's $$\sum_{cyc}\frac{a}{b+c}\geq2\sqrt{\frac{(ab+ac+bc)(a^2b^2+a^2c^2+b^2c^2)}{a^2b^2c^2}}.$$Are you sure that it's true?
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giangtruong13
151 posts
#3
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Oh sorry, i write wrongly, i will fix it here :oops_sign:
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giangtruong13
151 posts
#4
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Bummppppp
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giangtruong13
151 posts
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This inequality was from a book by an inactive user $toanmuonmau$
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arqady
30261 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by kiyoras_2001
giangtruong13 wrote:
Let $a,b,c>0$ such that: $a^2b^2+ c^2b^2+ a^2c^2=3(abc)^2$. Prove that: $$\sum \frac{b+c}{a} \geq 2\sqrt{3(ab+bc+ca)}$$
Because by C-S we obtain:
$$\sum_{cyc}\frac{b+c}{a}=\frac{\sum\limits_{cyc}(a^2b+a^2c)}{abc}=\frac{\sum\limits_{cyc}a^2\sum\limits_{cyc}a-\sum\limits_{cyc}a^3}{abc}=$$$$=\frac{\sqrt{\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}a^2\right)^2\left(\sum\limits_{cyc}a\right)^2}-\sum\limits_{cyc}a^3}{abc}=\frac{\sqrt{\sum\limits_{cyc}(a^4+2a^2b^2)\sum\limits_{cyc}(a^2+2ab)}-\sum\limits_{cyc}a^3}{abc}\geq$$$$\geq\frac{\sqrt{\sum\limits_{cyc}a^4\sum\limits_{cyc}a^2}+2\sqrt{\sum\limits_{cyc}a^2b^2\sum\limits_{cyc}ab}-\sum\limits_{cyc}a^3}{abc}\geq\frac{2\sqrt{\sum\limits_{cyc}a^2b^2\sum\limits_{cyc}ab}}{abc}=2\sqrt{3(ab+ac+bc)}.$$
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