Stay ahead of learning milestones! Enroll in a class over the summer!

G
Topic
First Poster
Last Poster
k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
Spring is in full swing and summer is right around the corner, what are your plans? At AoPS Online our schedule has new classes starting now through July, so be sure to keep your skills sharp and be prepared for the Fall school year! Check out the schedule of upcoming classes below.

WOOT early bird pricing is in effect, don’t miss out! If you took MathWOOT Level 2 last year, no worries, it is all new problems this year! Our Worldwide Online Olympiad Training program is for high school level competitors. AoPS designed these courses to help our top students get the deep focus they need to succeed in their specific competition goals. Check out the details at this link for all our WOOT programs in math, computer science, chemistry, and physics.

Looking for summer camps in math and language arts? Be sure to check out the video-based summer camps offered at the Virtual Campus that are 2- to 4-weeks in duration. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]April 3rd (Webinar), 4pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learning with AoPS: Perspectives from a Parent, Math Camp Instructor, and University Professor
[*]April 8th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS State Discussion
April 9th (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Learn about Video-based Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus
[*]April 10th (Math Jam), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MathILy and MathILy-Er Math Jam: Multibackwards Numbers
[*]April 22nd (Webinar), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Competitive Programming at AoPS (USACO).[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 13 - Aug 26
Thursday, May 29 - Sep 11
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Monday, Jun 30 - Oct 20
Wednesday, Jul 16 - Oct 29

Prealgebra 2 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 2
Sunday, Apr 13 - Aug 10
Wednesday, May 7 - Aug 20
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 29 - Oct 26
Friday, Jul 25 - Nov 21

Introduction to Algebra A Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra A
Monday, Apr 7 - Jul 28
Sunday, May 11 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Wednesday, May 14 - Aug 27
Friday, May 30 - Sep 26
Monday, Jun 2 - Sep 22
Sunday, Jun 15 - Oct 12
Thursday, Jun 26 - Oct 9
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Oct 28

Introduction to Counting & Probability Self-Paced

Introduction to Counting & Probability
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Thursday, May 15 - Jul 31
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Wednesday, Jul 9 - Sep 24
Sunday, Jul 27 - Oct 19

Introduction to Number Theory
Thursday, Apr 17 - Jul 3
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Monday, Jun 9 - Aug 25
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Tuesday, Jul 15 - Sep 30

Introduction to Algebra B Self-Paced

Introduction to Algebra B
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 30
Tuesday, May 6 - Aug 19
Wednesday, Jun 4 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Oct 19
Friday, Jul 18 - Nov 14

Introduction to Geometry
Wednesday, Apr 23 - Oct 1
Sunday, May 11 - Nov 9
Tuesday, May 20 - Oct 28
Monday, Jun 16 - Dec 8
Friday, Jun 20 - Jan 9
Sunday, Jun 29 - Jan 11
Monday, Jul 14 - Jan 19

Intermediate: Grades 8-12

Intermediate Algebra
Monday, Apr 21 - Oct 13
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 23
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Nov 18
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 10
Sunday, Jul 13 - Jan 18
Thursday, Jul 24 - Jan 22

Intermediate Counting & Probability
Wednesday, May 21 - Sep 17
Sunday, Jun 22 - Nov 2

Intermediate Number Theory
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Wednesday, Jun 18 - Sep 3

Precalculus
Wednesday, Apr 9 - Sep 3
Friday, May 16 - Oct 24
Sunday, Jun 1 - Nov 9
Monday, Jun 30 - Dec 8

Advanced: Grades 9-12

Olympiad Geometry
Tuesday, Jun 10 - Aug 26

Calculus
Tuesday, May 27 - Nov 11
Wednesday, Jun 25 - Dec 17

Group Theory
Thursday, Jun 12 - Sep 11

Contest Preparation: Grades 6-12

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics
Wednesday, Apr 16 - Jul 2
Friday, May 23 - Aug 15
Monday, Jun 2 - Aug 18
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced
Friday, Apr 11 - Jun 27
Sunday, May 11 - Aug 10
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Problem Series
Friday, May 9 - Aug 1
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15
Tues & Thurs, Jul 8 - Aug 14 (meets twice a week!)

AMC 10 Final Fives
Sunday, May 11 - Jun 8
Tuesday, May 27 - Jun 17
Monday, Jun 30 - Jul 21

AMC 12 Problem Series
Tuesday, May 27 - Aug 12
Thursday, Jun 12 - Aug 28
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 21
Wednesday, Aug 6 - Oct 22

AMC 12 Final Fives
Sunday, May 18 - Jun 15

F=ma Problem Series
Wednesday, Jun 11 - Aug 27

WOOT Programs
Visit the pages linked for full schedule details for each of these programs!


MathWOOT Level 1
MathWOOT Level 2
ChemWOOT
CodeWOOT
PhysicsWOOT

Programming

Introduction to Programming with Python
Thursday, May 22 - Aug 7
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14 (1:00 - 2:30 pm ET/10:00 - 11:30 am PT)
Tuesday, Jun 17 - Sep 2
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

Intermediate Programming with Python
Sunday, Jun 1 - Aug 24
Monday, Jun 30 - Sep 22

USACO Bronze Problem Series
Tuesday, May 13 - Jul 29
Sunday, Jun 22 - Sep 1

Physics

Introduction to Physics
Wednesday, May 21 - Aug 6
Sunday, Jun 15 - Sep 14
Monday, Jun 23 - Sep 15

Physics 1: Mechanics
Thursday, May 22 - Oct 30
Monday, Jun 23 - Dec 15

Relativity
Sat & Sun, Apr 26 - Apr 27 (4:00 - 7:00 pm ET/1:00 - 4:00pm PT)
Mon, Tue, Wed & Thurs, Jun 23 - Jun 26 (meets every day of the week!)
0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
EGMO magic square
Lukaluce   7
N 9 minutes ago by YaoAOPS
Source: EGMO 2025 P6
In each cell of a $2025 \times 2025$ board, a nonnegative real number is written in such a way that the sum of the numbers in each row is equal to $1$, and the sum of the numbers in each column is equal to $1$. Define $r_i$ to be the largest value in row $i$, and let $R = r_1 + r_2 + ... + r_{2025}$. Similarly, define $c_i$ to be the largest value in column $i$, and let $C = c_1 + c_2 + ... + c_{2025}$.
What is the largest possible value of $\frac{R}{C}$?

Proposed by Paulius Aleknavičius, Lithuania
7 replies
Lukaluce
Today at 11:03 AM
YaoAOPS
9 minutes ago
Italian WinterCamps test07 Problem5
mattilgale   57
N 12 minutes ago by Marcus_Zhang
Source: ISL 2006, A1, AIMO 2007, TST 1, P1
A sequence of real numbers $ a_{0},\ a_{1},\ a_{2},\dots$ is defined by the formula
\[ a_{i + 1} = \left\lfloor a_{i}\right\rfloor\cdot \left\langle a_{i}\right\rangle\qquad\text{for}\quad i\geq 0;
\]here $a_0$ is an arbitrary real number, $\lfloor a_i\rfloor$ denotes the greatest integer not exceeding $a_i$, and $\left\langle a_i\right\rangle=a_i-\lfloor a_i\rfloor$. Prove that $a_i=a_{i+2}$ for $i$ sufficiently large.

Proposed by Harmel Nestra, Estionia
57 replies
mattilgale
Jan 29, 2007
Marcus_Zhang
12 minutes ago
number theory
mohsen   0
24 minutes ago
show that there exist natural numbers a,b such that none of the numbers a+1, a+2,...a+100 is divisible by none of b+1, b+2,..., b+100 but product of them is divisible by product of b+1,...,b+100.
0 replies
mohsen
24 minutes ago
0 replies
Inequality while on a trip
giangtruong13   4
N 27 minutes ago by GeoMorocco
Source: Trip
I find this inequality while i was on a trip, it was pretty fun and i have some new experience:
Let $a,b,c \geq -2$ such that: $a^2+b^2+c^2 \leq 8$. Find the maximum: $$A= \sum_{cyc} \frac{1}{16+a^3}$$
4 replies
giangtruong13
Apr 12, 2025
GeoMorocco
27 minutes ago
No more topics!
∑1/(a+b²)≥27/4 . (a+b+c = 1)
sqing   14
N Oct 29, 2015 by Wangzu
Source: ∑1/(a(1+b))≥27/4
For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ prove that

\[{{\frac{1}{a+b^2}+\frac{1}{b+c^2}+\frac{1}{c+a^2} \ge\frac{27}{4}}}\]
14 replies
sqing
May 27, 2012
Wangzu
Oct 29, 2015
∑1/(a+b²)≥27/4 . (a+b+c = 1)
G H J
Source: ∑1/(a(1+b))≥27/4
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sqing
41602 posts
#1 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ prove that

\[{{\frac{1}{a+b^2}+\frac{1}{b+c^2}+\frac{1}{c+a^2} \ge\frac{27}{4}}}\]
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Ramonjms
19 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by sqing, Adventure10, Mango247
Are you sure that is the correct inequality?

I think it is:

\[{{\frac{1}{a-b^2}+\frac{1}{b-c^2}+\frac{1}{c-a^2} \ge\frac{27}{4}}}\]

Solution
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Amir Hossein, May 29, 2012, 5:11 AM
Reason: Hided the solution.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sqing
41602 posts
#3 • 3 Y
Y by Ramonjms, Euler149, Adventure10
Error is the mother of success.

For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ prove that

\[{{\frac{1}{a-a^2}+\frac{1}{b-b^2}+\frac{1}{c-c^2} \ge\frac{27}{2}}}\]
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Ramonjms
19 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
As $a,b,c>0,a<a+b+c=1, b<1, c<1,$ it implies $a^2<a, b^2<b, c^2<c.$
Now i can do what i did earlier. :lol:
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Amir Hossein, May 29, 2012, 5:12 AM
Reason: Do not quote the whole post immediate before you.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sqing
41602 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ We have
\[{{\frac{1}{1+a+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c+c^2} \ge\frac{27}{13}}}\]
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
arqady
30190 posts
#6 • 3 Y
Y by sqing, Adventure10, Mango247
It seems that the following inequality is true.
Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ are positives such that $a+b+c=1$. Prove that:
\[\frac{1}{5a+4b^2}+\frac{1}{5b+4c^2}+\frac{1}{5c+4a^2} \ge\frac{27}{19}\]
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
pxchg1200
659 posts
#7 • 3 Y
Y by sqing, Adventure10, Mango247
sqing wrote:
For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ We have
\[{{\frac{1}{1+a+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c+c^2} \ge\frac{27}{13}}}\]
Solution
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Tourish
663 posts
#8 • 3 Y
Y by sqing, Adventure10, Mango247
sqing wrote:
For $a,b,c>0,a+b+c=1,$ prove that

\[{{\frac{1}{a+b^2}+\frac{1}{b+c^2}+\frac{1}{c+a^2} \ge\frac{27}{4}}}\]
I remembered JiChen's very old one but quite hard one:
\[\frac{1}{a+b^2}+\frac{1}{b+c^2}+\frac{1}{c+a^2}\geq \frac{13}{2-2abc}>\frac{13}{2}\]
It seems that there is no solution yet(without full expanding). :?: :?: :?:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Tourish
663 posts
#9 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
arqady wrote:
It seems that the following inequality is true.
Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ are positives such that $a+b+c=1$. Prove that:
\[\frac{1}{5a+4b^2}+\frac{1}{5b+4c^2}+\frac{1}{5c+4a^2} \ge\frac{27}{19}\]
Maybe use Cauchy-Schwarz inequality in this way:
\[\sum{\frac{1}{5a+4b^2}}\geq \frac{49(a+b+c)^2}{\sum{(a+2b+4c)^2(5a+4b^2)}}\]
But finnally we have to prove that
\[364\sum{a^4}+1537\sum{bc^3}\geq 570\sum{a^2b^2}+839\sum{a^3b}+492abc\sum{a}\]
The number seems to big :(
Arqady, maybe you have another solution?
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
arqady
30190 posts
#10 • 3 Y
Y by sqing, Adventure10, Mango247
Tourish wrote:
Arqady, maybe you have another solution?
The idea is the same! What else we have here? :lol:
But your last inequality is wrong. Try $a=2$, $b=1$ and $c\rightarrow0^+$. :wink:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Tourish
663 posts
#11 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
arqady wrote:
But your last inequality is wrong. Try $a=2$, $b=1$ and $c\rightarrow0^+$. :wink:
But when $a=2,b=1$, it becomes
\[ 8505c+270-3834c^2-141c^3+364c^4\geq 0\]
what's wrong with it :?:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
arqady
30190 posts
#12 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Sorry Tourish. My mistake. :oops:
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
sqing
41602 posts
#13 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ are non-negative numbers such that $a+b+c=1$. Prove that\[\frac{5}{2}\leq\frac{1+3bc}{1+a^2}+\frac{1+3ca}{1+b^2}+\frac{1+3ab}{1+c^2}\leq
\frac{18}{5}.\]
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
arqady
30190 posts
#14 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
sqing wrote:
Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ are non-negative numbers such that $a+b+c=1$. Prove that\[\frac{1+3bc}{1+a^2}+\frac{1+3ca}{1+b^2}+\frac{1+3ab}{1+c^2}\leq
\frac{18}{5}.\]
It's obviously true by SOS.
Z K Y
The post below has been deleted. Click to close.
This post has been deleted. Click here to see post.
Wangzu
283 posts
#15 • 3 Y
Y by Whycannot, Adventure10, Mango247
sqing wrote:
Let $a$, $b$ and $c$ are non-negative numbers such that $a+b+c=1$. Prove that\[\frac{5}{2}\leq\frac{1+3bc}{1+a^2}+\frac{1+3ca}{1+b^2}+\frac{1+3ab}{1+c^2}\leq
\frac{18}{5}.\]

I haven't tried S.O.S before but $uvw$ is very well :P . RHS equivalent to $f(w^3) \leq 0$, $f(w^3)$ is a convex function of $w^3$.

LHS equivalent to $f(w^3) \geq 0$, $f(w^3)$ is a decreasing function of $w^3$
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a