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k a My Retirement & New Leadership at AoPS
rrusczyk   1571
N Mar 26, 2025 by SmartGroot
I write today to announce my retirement as CEO from Art of Problem Solving. When I founded AoPS 22 years ago, I never imagined that we would reach so many students and families, or that we would find so many channels through which we discover, inspire, and train the great problem solvers of the next generation. I am very proud of all we have accomplished and I’m thankful for the many supporters who provided inspiration and encouragement along the way. I'm particularly grateful to all of the wonderful members of the AoPS Community!

I’m delighted to introduce our new leaders - Ben Kornell and Andrew Sutherland. Ben has extensive experience in education and edtech prior to joining AoPS as my successor as CEO, including starting like I did as a classroom teacher. He has a deep understanding of the value of our work because he’s an AoPS parent! Meanwhile, Andrew and I have common roots as founders of education companies; he launched Quizlet at age 15! His journey from founder to MIT to technology and product leader as our Chief Product Officer traces a pathway many of our students will follow in the years to come.

Thank you again for your support for Art of Problem Solving and we look forward to working with millions more wonderful problem solvers in the years to come.

And special thanks to all of the amazing AoPS team members who have helped build AoPS. We’ve come a long way from here:IMAGE
1571 replies
1 viewing
rrusczyk
Mar 24, 2025
SmartGroot
Mar 26, 2025
k a March Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Mar 2, 2025
March is the month for State MATHCOUNTS competitions! Kudos to everyone who participated in their local chapter competitions and best of luck to all going to State! Join us on March 11th for a Math Jam devoted to our favorite Chapter competition problems! Are you interested in training for MATHCOUNTS? Be sure to check out our AMC 8/MATHCOUNTS Basics and Advanced courses.

Are you ready to level up with Olympiad training? Registration is open with early bird pricing available for our WOOT programs: MathWOOT (Levels 1 and 2), CodeWOOT, PhysicsWOOT, and ChemWOOT. What is WOOT? WOOT stands for Worldwide Online Olympiad Training and is a 7-month high school math Olympiad preparation and testing program that brings together many of the best students from around the world to learn Olympiad problem solving skills. Classes begin in September!

Do you have plans this summer? There are so many options to fit your schedule and goals whether attending a summer camp or taking online classes, it can be a great break from the routine of the school year. Check out our summer courses at AoPS Online, or if you want a math or language arts class that doesn’t have homework, but is an enriching summer experience, our AoPS Virtual Campus summer camps may be just the ticket! We are expanding our locations for our AoPS Academies across the country with 15 locations so far and new campuses opening in Saratoga CA, Johns Creek GA, and the Upper West Side NY. Check out this page for summer camp information.

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following events:
[list][*]March 5th (Wednesday), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, HCSSiM Math Jam 2025. Amber Verser, Assistant Director of the Hampshire College Summer Studies in Mathematics, will host an information session about HCSSiM, a summer program for high school students.
[*]March 6th (Thursday), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Free Webinar on Math Competitions from elementary through high school. Join us for an enlightening session that demystifies the world of math competitions and helps you make informed decisions about your contest journey.
[*]March 11th (Tuesday), 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, 2025 MATHCOUNTS Chapter Discussion MATH JAM. AoPS instructors will discuss some of their favorite problems from the MATHCOUNTS Chapter Competition. All are welcome!
[*]March 13th (Thursday), 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Free Webinar about Summer Camps at the Virtual Campus. Transform your summer into an unforgettable learning adventure! From elementary through high school, we offer dynamic summer camps featuring topics in mathematics, language arts, and competition preparation - all designed to fit your schedule and ignite your passion for learning.[/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

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0 replies
jlacosta
Mar 2, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Olympiad Geometry problem-second time posting
kjhgyuio   0
9 minutes ago
Source: smo problem
In trapezium ABCD,AD is parallel to BC and points E and F are midpoints of AB and DC respectively. If
Area of AEFD/Area of EBCF =√3 + 1/3-√3 and the area of triangle ABD is √3 .find the area of trapezium ABCD
0 replies
kjhgyuio
9 minutes ago
0 replies
Inspired by old results
sqing   7
N 2 hours ago by SunnyEvan
Source: Own
Let $ a,b,c> 0 $ and $ abc=1 $. Prove that
$$\frac1{a^2+a+k}+\frac1{b^2+b+k}+\frac1{c^2+c+k}\geq \frac{3}{k+2}$$Where $ 0<k \leq 1.$
7 replies
sqing
Monday at 1:42 PM
SunnyEvan
2 hours ago
Modular Arithmetic and Integers
steven_zhang123   3
N 2 hours ago by steven_zhang123
Integers \( n, a, b \in \mathbb{Z}^+ \) satisfies \( n + a + b = 30 \). If \( \alpha < b, \alpha \in \mathbb{Z^+} \), find the maximum possible value of $\sum_{k=1}^{\alpha} \left \lfloor \frac{kn^2 \bmod a }{b-k}  \right \rfloor $.
3 replies
+1 w
steven_zhang123
Mar 28, 2025
steven_zhang123
2 hours ago
Polynomials and their shift with all real roots and in common
Assassino9931   4
N 3 hours ago by Assassino9931
Source: Bulgaria Spring Mathematical Competition 2025 11.4
We call two non-constant polynomials friendly if each of them has only real roots, and every root of one polynomial is also a root of the other. For two friendly polynomials \( P(x), Q(x) \) and a constant \( C \in \mathbb{R}, C \neq 0 \), it is given that \( P(x) + C \) and \( Q(x) + C \) are also friendly polynomials. Prove that \( P(x) \equiv Q(x) \).
4 replies
Assassino9931
Mar 30, 2025
Assassino9931
3 hours ago
2025 Caucasus MO Seniors P7
BR1F1SZ   2
N 3 hours ago by sami1618
Source: Caucasus MO
From a point $O$ lying outside the circle $\omega$, two tangents are drawn touching $\omega$ at points $M$ and $N$. A point $K$ is chosen on the segment $MN$. Let points $P$ and $Q$ be the midpoints of segments $KM$ and $OM$ respectively. The circumcircle of triangle $MPQ$ intersects $\omega$ again at point $L$ ($L \neq M$). Prove that the line $LN$ passes through the centroid of triangle $KMO$.
2 replies
BR1F1SZ
Mar 26, 2025
sami1618
3 hours ago
Reflections of AB, AC with respect to BC and angle bisector of A
falantrng   26
N 3 hours ago by ehuseyinyigit
Source: BMO 2024 Problem 1
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AC > AB$ and let $D$ be the foot of the
$A$-angle bisector on $BC$. The reflections of lines $AB$ and $AC$ in line $BC$ meet $AC$ and $AB$ at points
$E$ and $F$ respectively. A line through $D$ meets $AC$ and $AB$ at $G$ and $H$ respectively such that $G$
lies strictly between $A$ and $C$ while $H$ lies strictly between $B$ and $F$. Prove that the circumcircles of
$\triangle EDG$ and $\triangle FDH$ are tangent to each other.
26 replies
falantrng
Apr 29, 2024
ehuseyinyigit
3 hours ago
configurational geometry as usual
GorgonMathDota   11
N 3 hours ago by ratavir
Source: Indonesia National Math Olympiad 2021 Problem 7 (INAMO 2021/7)
Given $\triangle ABC$ with circumcircle $\ell$. Point $M$ in $\triangle ABC$ such that $AM$ is the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$. Circle with center $M$ and radius $MB$ intersects $\ell$ and $BC$ at $D$ and $E$ respectively, $(B \not= D, B \not= E)$. Let $P$ be the midpoint of arc $BC$ in $\ell$ that didn't have $A$. Prove that $AP$ angle bisector of $\angle DPE$ if and only if $\angle B = 90^{\circ}$.
11 replies
GorgonMathDota
Nov 9, 2021
ratavir
3 hours ago
kind of well known?
dotscom26   1
N 3 hours ago by dotscom26
Source: MBL
Let $ y_1, y_2, ..., y_{2025}$ be real numbers satisfying
$
y_1^2 + y_2^2 + \cdots + y_{2025}^2 = 1.
$
Find the maximum value of
$
|y_1 - y_2| + |y_2 - y_3| + \cdots + |y_{2025} - y_1|.
$

I have seen many problems with the same structure, Id really appreciate if someone could explain which approach is suitable here
1 reply
dotscom26
Yesterday at 4:11 AM
dotscom26
3 hours ago
sum(ab/4a^2+b^2) <= 3/5
truongphatt2668   2
N 3 hours ago by arqady
Source: I remember I read it somewhere
Let $a,b,c>0$. Prove that:
$$\dfrac{ab}{a^2+4b^2} + \dfrac{bc}{b^2+4c^2} + \dfrac{ca}{c^2+4a^2} \le \dfrac{3}{5}$$
2 replies
truongphatt2668
Monday at 1:23 PM
arqady
3 hours ago
April Fools Geometry
awesomeming327.   3
N 3 hours ago by awesomeming327.
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB<AC$, and let $D$ be the projection from $A$ onto $BC$. Let $E$ be a point on the extension of $AD$ past $D$ such that $\angle BAC+\angle BEC=90^\circ$. Let $L$ be on the perpendicular bisector of $AE$ such that $L$ and $C$ are on the same side of $AE$ and
\[\frac12\angle ALE=1.4\angle ABE+3.4\angle ACE-558^\circ\]Let the reflection of $D$ across $AB$ and $AC$ be $W$ and $Y$, respectively. Let $X\in AW$ and $Z\in AY$ such that $\angle XBE=\angle ZCE=90^\circ$. Let $EX$ and $EZ$ intersect the circumcircles of $EBD$ and $ECD$ at $J$ and $K$, respectively. Let $LB$ and $LC$ intersect $WJ$ and $YK$ at $P$ and $Q$. Let $PQ$ intersect $BC$ at $F$. Prove that $FB/FC=DB/DC$.
3 replies
awesomeming327.
Yesterday at 2:52 PM
awesomeming327.
3 hours ago
hard problem
pennypc123456789   2
N 4 hours ago by aaravdodhia
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle inscribed in a circle $(O)$ with orthocenter $H$ and altitude $AD$. The line passing through $D$ perpendicular to $OD$ intersects $AB$ at $E$. The perpendicular bisector of $AC$ intersects $DE$ at $F$. Let $OB$ intersect $DE$ at $K$. Let $L$ be the reflection of $O$ across $EF$. The circumcircle of triangle $BDE$ intersects $(O)$ at $G$ different from $B$. Prove that $GF$ and $KL$ intersect on the circumcircle of triangle $DEH$.
2 replies
pennypc123456789
Mar 26, 2025
aaravdodhia
4 hours ago
Geometry
Emirhan   1
N 4 hours ago by ehuseyinyigit
Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle with side lenght is $1$ $cm$.Let $D \in [AB]$ is a point. Perpendiculars from $D$ to $[AC]$ and $[BC]$ intersects with $[AC]$ and $[BC]$ at points $E$ and $F$ respectively. Perpendiculars from $E$ and $F$ to $[AB]$ intersects with $[AB]$ at points $E_1$ and $F_1$. Prove that
$$[E_1F_1]=\frac{3}{4}$$
1 reply
Emirhan
Jan 30, 2016
ehuseyinyigit
4 hours ago
Polynomials
Pao_de_sal   2
N 4 hours ago by ektorasmiliotis
find all natural numbers n such that the polynomial x²ⁿ + xⁿ + 1 is divisible by x² + x + 1
2 replies
Pao_de_sal
5 hours ago
ektorasmiliotis
4 hours ago
very cute geo
rafaello   3
N 5 hours ago by bin_sherlo
Source: MODSMO 2021 July Contest P7
Consider a triangle $ABC$ with incircle $\omega$. Let $S$ be the point on $\omega$ such that the circumcircle of $BSC$ is tangent to $\omega$ and let the $A$-excircle be tangent to $BC$ at $A_1$. Prove that the tangent from $S$ to $\omega$ and the tangent from $A_1$ to $\omega$ (distinct from $BC$) meet on the line parallel to $BC$ and passing through $A$.
3 replies
rafaello
Oct 26, 2021
bin_sherlo
5 hours ago
Prove that I,J,P,H are concyclic
mlm95   27
N Aug 17, 2024 by Martin2001
Source: Iran TST 2013: TST 1, Day 1, Problem 1
In acute-angled triangle $ABC$, let $H$ be the foot of perpendicular from $A$ to $BC$ and also suppose that $J$ and $I$ are excenters oposite to the side $AH$ in triangles $ABH$ and $ACH$. If $P$ is the point that incircle touches $BC$, prove that $I,J,P,H$ are concyclic.
27 replies
mlm95
Apr 17, 2013
Martin2001
Aug 17, 2024
Prove that I,J,P,H are concyclic
G H J
Source: Iran TST 2013: TST 1, Day 1, Problem 1
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mlm95
245 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by NDGA, Adventure10, Mango247
In acute-angled triangle $ABC$, let $H$ be the foot of perpendicular from $A$ to $BC$ and also suppose that $J$ and $I$ are excenters oposite to the side $AH$ in triangles $ABH$ and $ACH$. If $P$ is the point that incircle touches $BC$, prove that $I,J,P,H$ are concyclic.
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Math-lover123
304 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by omarius, Adventure10
Do you mean J,I are excenters of excircles inscribed in angles ABH and ACH ?
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Luis González
4145 posts
#3 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
@Math-lover123, no tricky wording here. J is simply the B-excenter of ABH and I is simply the C-excenter of ACH.

The concyclicity is true for any H on BC, not necessarily the foot of the A-altitude as the problem states. See two problems about cyclic quadrilateral (problem 1), incenters and cyclic, etc. The proof is analogous for excircles.
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leader
339 posts
#4 • 2 Y
Y by Chokechoke, Adventure10
nice problem
let $X,S$ be feet from $I,J$ to $BC$ then.
$XP=BX-BP=((BH+BA+AH)-(BC+BA-CA))/2=(AH-CH+AC)/2=HS=SJ$
and similarly $SP=XI$ and since $\angle IXP=\angle JSP=90$ then $JSP\cong IXP$ so $\angle IPX=\angle SJP=90-\angle SPJ$ so $\angle IPJ=90=2*45=\angle IHJ$ therefore $IHPJ$ is cyclic.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by leader, May 3, 2013, 8:14 PM
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subham1729
1479 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
First of all we've $\frac {Cos(A-B)/2-Cos C/2}{Cos (A-B)/2-Cos A/2}+\frac{Cos B}{Cos(B-C)/2}{2Sin B/2}=2Cos C/2$. Now note $\frac {S-c}{CI}=\frac {Cos(A-B)/2-Cos C/2}{Cos (A-B)/2-Cos A/2}$ and $\frac{Cos B}{Cos(B-C)/2}{2Sin B/2}=\frac {Cos B/2}{Sin(B+A/2)}\times \frac {BH}{AH}=\frac {Cos(C/2+\alpha)}{Sin(\alpha)}$ now also we had $\frac {Cos(C/2-\theta)}{Sin(\theta)}=\frac {S-c}{CI}$. Where $\angle{HIA}=\theta,\angle{PJC}=\alpha$. Now so we've $\frac {Cos(C/2+\alpha)}{Sin(\alpha)}+\frac {Cos(C/2-\theta)}{Sin(\theta)}=2Cos C/2$ and that implies $\frac {Cos(C/2+\alpha)}{Sin(\alpha)}=\frac {Cos(C/2+\theta)}{Sin(\theta)}$ now so we've $Cot (\alpha)=Cot(\theta)$ and certainly that implies $\theta=\alpha$ and so done.
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Goutham
3130 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
In fact, $H$ can be any point on $BC$. For this, if we denote $I', J'$ as the projections of $I, J$ onto $BC$, then we have to prove that $II'P\sim PJJ'$. Moreover, assume without loss of generality that $BH<BP$. Then the problem is equivalent to proving that(after a few simplifications)
\[4xybc\sin B \sin C = ((c+t)^2-x^2)((b+t)^2-y^2)\]
After using cosine rule and simplifying, we have to prove
\[bc\sin B \sin C = t^2(1+\cos\alpha)(1-\cos\alpha)\]
where $\angle AHB = \cos\alpha$. This is obvious by sine rule in triangles $AHB, AHC$.

Previously, I had copied the question wrong :mad: and got the following result:
In triangle $ABC$, $H$ is any point on $BC$ and the $A$-excircle touches $BC$ at $P$. Also, $I, J$ are the $H$-excentres of triangle $ABH, ACH$ respectively. Then $IHPJ$ is cyclic.
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goodar2006
1347 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Proposed by Mehdi E'tesami Fard
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seledeur
33 posts
#8 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
leader wrote:
nice problem
let $X,S$ be feet from $I,J$ to $BC$ then.
$XP=BX-BP=((BH+BA+AH)-(BC+BA-CA))/2=(AH-CH+AC)/2=HS=SJ$
and similarly $SP=XI$ and since $\angle IXP=\angle JSP=90$ then $JSP\cong IXP$ so $\angle IPX=\angle SJP=90-\angle SPJ$ so $\angle IPJ=90=2*45=\angle IHJ$ therefore $IHPJ$ is cyclic.
Please, why $XP=BX-BP$ ? Please cite the theorems you used, thank you .
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tuvie
49 posts
#9 • 3 Y
Y by Mathematicalx, Adventure10, Mango247
It is not a theorem, but I'll explain it for you :P
Since $B,P,X$ lie on $BC$ on this order, i.e, are collinear, it follows that $BX=BP+PX$ and the result follows.
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seledeur
33 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Oh yeah I copied wrong .. But why $ XP=BX-BP=((BH+BA+AH)-(BC+BA-CA))/2 $ ?
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Mathematicalx
537 posts
#11 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Dear tuvie,
Please explain the steps which seledur wrote.Because i did not understand too. Thanks...
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IDMasterz
1412 posts
#12 • 3 Y
Y by rashah76, Adventure10, Mango247
I still cant believe this, I spent an hour solving the wrong problem! If you are confused, the incircle tangency $P$ is actually the excircle tangency... You have to be kidding me.

Here is a quick solution for any point:

Suppose $X, Y$ are the tangent points of $(J), (I)$ with $BC$. We get

$PX = BP + BX = \dfrac{AB + AF - BF - AB + AC + BC}{2} = \dfrac{AC + AF + FC}{2} = FY$.

Since $FJX \sim FIY \implies \dfrac{JX}{FY}=\dfrac{FX}{IY} \implies \dfrac{JX}{PX}=\dfrac{PY}{IY} \implies DJX \sim DIY$ so done.

That was a really really bad typo seriously.
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gearss
21 posts
#13 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
can someone tell me what is excenter?
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MichiPanaitescu
77 posts
#14 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
@gearss:
Look at the first image from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incircle_and_excircles_of_a_triangle
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jayme
9774 posts
#15 • 3 Y
Y by ManuelKahayon, Adventure10, Mango247
Dear Mathlinkers,
for more precision, you can see
http://perso.orange.fr/jl.ayme vol.5 Le theoreme de Feuerbach-Ayme p.10-13
Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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shivangjindal
676 posts
#16 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $I',J'$ be projection of $I$ and $J$ onto line $BC$. Then , by properties of $Ex-circle$. We see that,
$BJ' = \frac{AB+BH+AH}{2}$ and $BP = \frac{AB+BC-AC}{2} \implies PJ' = \frac{AH+AC-HC}{2}$. Now, $II' = \frac{AH \cdot HC}{AC+CH-AH}$. Now using Pythagoras theorem, one see that $PJ'=II'$. Similarly, $PI'=JJ'$. Thus we have $\triangle PII' \cong PJJ'$ Thus $\angle IPJ = 90^{\circ}$ and easy to see that $\angle IHJ = 90^{\circ}$. So $IHPJ$ is a cyclic quadrilateral. and $II'$ is its diameter. So we are done! $\Box$.
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m4ths
119 posts
#19 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
$BJ' = \frac{AB+BH+AH}{2}$
Sorry but how do you get this ?
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H.HAFEZI2000
328 posts
#20 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
gearss wrote:
can someone tell me what is excenter?

Just google it!!!
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Ali3085
214 posts
#21 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Tqhoud
Let $M$ be the midpoint of $IJ$ and $X,Y$ be the projection of $I ,J$ onto $BC$
After getting that $YP=CH , XP=YH$ then $YP.YH=XP.XH$ thus $Y , X $has the same power wrt $(PHI)$ let its center be $M'$ then $XM'=YM'$ thus $M'$ is the intersection of the perpindacular bisectors of$ XY $and$ IH  $and we have $M$ is on the perpindacular bisector of $XY$ thus $M=M'$
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Knty2006
50 posts
#22
Y by
G #2/100

Solved a slightly different variation of the problem where $D$ is the $A$ intouch of the triangle $ABC$ instead
Let the projections of $X$ and $Y$ onto $BC$ be $N$ and $M$ respectively

Firstly, observe that $X$ and $Y$ are the $B$ and $C$ excenters of $\triangle ABP$ and $\triangle ACP$ respectively

$$NP=BN-BP=\frac{AB-BP+AP}{2}$$$$MD=CM-CD= \frac{AP+AC+PC}{2}-\frac{AC+BC-AB}{2}=\frac{AB+AP-BP}{2}=NP$$

By symmetry, we also have $MP=ND$

So, $MP^2+NP^2=ND^2+MD^2$
$YP^2+PC^2=YD^2+DX^2$
$$YD^2+DX^2=YX^2$$$$\angle{YDX}=90$$
Hence, $YDPX$ concyclic
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David_Kim_0202
383 posts
#23
Y by
Just use one of the circle theorema that is one of the angle of the quardarateral equals to the other side of the opposite angle.
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asdf334
7586 posts
#24
Y by
well if you missed the insane length solution

you can also reduce to serbia 2018 and use MMP!!!!

yay!!!!
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HamstPan38825
8857 posts
#25
Y by
Relabel $I, J$ as $X, Y$ and $H$ as $D$. Let $S$ be the foot from $Y$ onto $\overline{BC}$ and $T$ the foot from $X$. Now note that it suffices to show that $$SD^2 - SP^2 = TP^2 - TD^2.$$Note that
\begin{align*}
SD &= \frac 12\left(AP+AC-PC+2PD\right) \\\
SP &= \frac 12\left(AP+AC-PC\right)
\end{align*}so
\begin{align*}
SP^2 - SD^2 &= (SD-SP)(SP+SD) \\
&= PD \cdot (AP+AC-CD) \\
&= PD(b+c-s)
\end{align*}which is symmetric in $b$ and $c$. Hence done!
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by HamstPan38825, Dec 5, 2023, 3:20 AM
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math_comb01
662 posts
#26
Y by
Silly Problem
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Let $E$ and $F$ be the foot of altitude from $I$ and $J$ respectively
Let $M$ be the midpoint of $DP$, and let $N$ be the midpoint of $EF$, let $H$ be the midpoint of $IJ$
Claim 1: $M \equiv N$
Proof
Now this implies the conclusion as $HM$ becomes the midline in trapezoid $AJFE$.
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joshualiu315
2513 posts
#27
Y by
The LaTeX gave me brain damage...


Note that $\angle XPY$ is a right angle, so $(PXY)$ has diameter $\overline{XY}$. Hence, it suffices to prove

Let $S$ and $R$ be the feet of the altitudes from $X$ and $Y$ to $\overline{BC}$, respectively. Hence, we are able to write

\begin{align*}
DX^2 &= XS^2+DS^2 \\
DY^2 &= YR^2+DR^2 \\
PX^2 &= XS^2 + PS^2 \\
PY^2 &= YR^2+PR^2.
\end{align*}
This means it is sufficient to prove

\[DR^2+DS^2 = PR^2+PS^2\]\[\iff DS^2-PS^2 = PR^2-DR^2.\]
WLOG let $R,D,P,S$ lie on $\overline{BC}$ in that order. Notice that $X$ is the definition of the $B$-excenter of $\triangle ABP$. This means that

\begin{align*}
DS+PS &= BS+PS-BD \\
&= \frac{1}{2}(AB+AP+BP)+\frac{1}{2}(AB+AP-BP)-\frac{1}{2}(AB+BC-AC) \\
&= \frac{1}{2} (AB+AP+BP+AB+AP-BP-AB-BC+AC) \\
&= \frac{1}{2} (AB+AC-BC+2AP).
\end{align*}
Similarly, $Y$ is the $C$-excenter of $\triangle ACP$, so

\begin{align*}
PR+DR &= CR+PR-CD \\
&= \frac{1}{2}(AC+AP+CP)+\frac{1}{2}(AC+AP-CP) - \frac{1}{2}(AC+BC-AB) \\
&= \frac{1}{2} (AC+AP+CP+AC+AP-CP-AC-BC+AB) \\
&= \frac{1}{2} (AB+AC-BC+2AP).
\end{align*}
Thus,

\begin{align*}
DS+PS&=PR+DR \\
\iff DS^2-PS^2 &=(DS-PS)(DS+PS) \\
&= DP(DS+PS) \\
&= DP(PR+DR) \\
&= (PR-DR)(PR+DR)=PR^2-DR^2. \ \square
\end{align*}
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thdnder
194 posts
#28
Y by
Since $\angle XPY = 90^{\circ}$, we only need to prove that $XYD = 90^{\circ}$, or equivalently, $XY^2 = YD^2 + XD^2$. Since $XY^2 = XP^2 + YP^2$, it suffices to prove that $XP^2 + YP^2 = XD^2 + YD^2$. Let $K, L$ be the feet of altitudes from $Y, X$ to $BC$, respectively. Then, we have $CK = \frac{AC + CP + AP}{2}, BL = \frac{AB + BP + AP}{2}$ and $BD = \frac{AB + BC - AC}{2}$. From this, one can verify that $KD = LP$, immediately implying $XP^2 + YP^2 = XD^2 + YD^2$. $\blacksquare$
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khanhnx
1618 posts
#29
Y by
This problem is true for arbitrary point $H$ lies on $BC$. Relabel point $I, J$ of the problem as $J_1, J_2$. Let $I$ be incenter of $\triangle ABC$ and $D_1, D_2$ be orthogonal projections of $J_1, J_2$ on $BC$. Suppose that $J$ is midpoint of $J_1J_2$. Since $\angle{J_1HJ_2} = 90^{\circ},$ we have $JH = \dfrac{J_1J_2}{2}$. To prove $P \in (J_1J_2H),$ we need to show that $J$ lies on perpendicular of $HP$. But $J$ also lies on perpendicular of $D_1D_2$ then it suffice to prove that $D_1H = D_2P$. Indeed, we have $D_2P = BD_2 - BP = \dfrac{AB + BH + AH}{2} - \dfrac{AB + BC - CA}{2} = \dfrac{CA + AH - CH}{2} = CD_1 - CH = D_1H$. So it means that $J$ lies on perpendicular of $HP$. Hence $JH = JP = \dfrac{J_1J_2}{2}$ or $P \in (J_1J_2H)$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by khanhnx, May 6, 2024, 3:40 AM
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Martin2001
132 posts
#30
Y by
So this problem is actually true for all $H,$ so let the point on $BC$ be $P,$ and the A-intouch point be $D.$
Note that $X,Y$ are the excenters of $\triangle ABP, \triangle CPA,$ respectively. Let $K$ be the foot from $X$ to $BC,$ and $L$ the foot from $Y.$ Then note that we simply need to show $KL=PK$ by Pythagorean theorem. Let $DP=x.$ Then because $BD=\frac{a-b+c}{2}$ and $BK=\frac{AB+BP+PA}{2}, CL=\frac{AC+CP+PA}{2},$ we are done by lengths$.\blacksquare$
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