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k a April Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
Apr 2, 2025
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0 replies
jlacosta
Apr 2, 2025
0 replies
Perfect Square Function
Miku3D   15
N 11 minutes ago by bin_sherlo
Source: 2021 APMO P5
Determine all Functions $f:\mathbb{Z} \to \mathbb{Z}$ such that $f(f(a)-b)+bf(2a)$ is a perfect square for all integers $a$ and $b$.
15 replies
Miku3D
Jun 9, 2021
bin_sherlo
11 minutes ago
Symmetric FE
Phorphyrion   7
N an hour ago by megarnie
Source: 2023 Israel TST Test 7 P1
Find all functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ such that for all $x, y\in \mathbb{R}$ the following holds:
\[f(x)+f(y)=f(xy)+f(f(x)+f(y))\]
7 replies
Phorphyrion
May 9, 2023
megarnie
an hour ago
Unusual Hexagon Geo
oVlad   2
N 2 hours ago by Double07
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 1 P4
Let $ABCDEF$ be a convex hexagon, such that the triangles $ABC$ and $DEF$ are equilateral and the diagonals $AD, BE$ and $CF$ are concurrent. Prove that $AC\parallel DF$ or $BE=AD+CF.$
2 replies
oVlad
Apr 12, 2025
Double07
2 hours ago
A drunk frog jumping ona grid in a weird way
Tintarn   5
N 2 hours ago by Tintarn
Source: Baltic Way 2024, Problem 10
A frog is located on a unit square of an infinite grid oriented according to the cardinal directions. The frog makes moves consisting of jumping either one or two squares in the direction it is facing, and then turning according to the following rules:
i) If the frog jumps one square, it then turns $90^\circ$ to the right;
ii) If the frog jumps two squares, it then turns $90^\circ$ to the left.

Is it possible for the frog to reach the square exactly $2024$ squares north of the initial square after some finite number of moves if it is initially facing:
a) North;
b) East?
5 replies
1 viewing
Tintarn
Nov 16, 2024
Tintarn
2 hours ago
Combinatorics
AlexCenteno2007   0
4 hours ago
In how many ways can 8 white rooks be placed on an 8x8 chessboard such that the main diagonal of the board is not occupied?
0 replies
AlexCenteno2007
4 hours ago
0 replies
Range of function
girishpimoli   3
N 5 hours ago by rchokler
Range of function $\displaystyle f(x)=\frac{e^{2x}-e^{x}+1}{e^{2x}+e^{x}+1}$
3 replies
girishpimoli
Today at 11:51 AM
rchokler
5 hours ago
Solve an equation
lgx57   2
N Today at 2:56 PM by lgx57
Find all positive integers $n$ and $x$ such that:
$$2^{2n+1}-7=x^2$$
2 replies
lgx57
Mar 12, 2025
lgx57
Today at 2:56 PM
Indonesia Regional MO 2019 Part A
parmenides51   17
N Today at 2:42 PM by Rohit-2006
Indonesia Regional MO
Year 2019 Part A

Time: 90 minutes Rules


p1. In the bag there are $7$ red balls and $8$ white balls. Audi took two balls at once from inside the bag. The chance of taking two balls of the same color is ...


p2. Given a regular hexagon with a side length of $1$ unit. The area of the hexagon is ...


p3. It is known that $r, s$ and $1$ are the roots of the cubic equation $x^3 - 2x + c = 0$. The value of $(r-s)^2$ is ...


p4. The number of pairs of natural numbers $(m, n)$ so that $GCD(n,m) = 2$ and $LCM(m,n) = 1000$ is ...


p5. A data with four real numbers $2n-4$, $2n-6$, $n^2-8$, $3n^2-6$ has an average of $0$ and a median of $9/2$. The largest number of such data is ...


p6. Suppose $a, b, c, d$ are integers greater than $2019$ which are four consecutive quarters of an arithmetic row with $a <b <c <d$. If $a$ and $d$ are squares of two consecutive natural numbers, then the smallest value of $c-b$ is ...


p7. Given a triangle $ABC$, with $AB = 6$, $AC = 8$ and $BC = 10$. The points $D$ and $E$ lies on the line segment $BC$. with $BD = 2$ and $CE = 4$. The measure of the angle $\angle DAE$ is ...


p8. Sequqnce of real numbers $a_1,a_2,a_3,...$ meet $\frac{na_1+(n-1)a_2+...+2a_{n-1}+a_n}{n^2}=1$ for each natural number $n$. The value of $a_1a_2a_3...a_{2019}$ is ....


p9. The number of ways to select four numbers from $\{1,2,3, ..., 15\}$ provided that the difference of any two numbers at least $3$ is ...


p10. Pairs of natural numbers $(m , n)$ which satisfies $$m^2n+mn^2 +m^2+2mn = 2018m + 2019n + 2019$$are as many as ...


p11. Given a triangle $ABC$ with $\angle ABC =135^o$ and $BC> AB$. Point $D$ lies on the side $BC$ so that $AB=CD$. Suppose $F$ is a point on the side extension $AB$ so that $DF$ is perpendicular to $AB$. The point $E$ lies on the ray $DF$ such that $DE> DF$ and $\angle ACE = 45^o$. The large angle $\angle AEC$ is ...


p12. The set of $S$ consists of $n$ integers with the following properties: For every three different members of $S$ there are two of them whose sum is a member of $S$. The largest value of $n$ is ....


p13. The minimum value of $\frac{a^2+2b^2+\sqrt2}{\sqrt{ab}}$ with $a, b$ positive reals is ....


p14. The polynomial P satisfies the equation $P (x^2) = x^{2019} (x+ 1) P (x)$ with $P (1/2)= -1$ is ....


p15. Look at a chessboard measuring $19 \times 19$ square units. Two plots are said to be neighbors if they both have one side in common. Initially, there are a total of $k$ coins on the chessboard where each coin is only loaded exactly on one square and each square can contain coins or blanks. At each turn. You must select exactly one plot that holds the minimum number of coins in the number of neighbors of the plot and then you must give exactly one coin to each neighbor of the selected plot. The game ends if you are no longer able to select squares with the intended conditions. The smallest number of $k$ so that the game never ends for any initial square selection is ....
17 replies
parmenides51
Nov 11, 2021
Rohit-2006
Today at 2:42 PM
How to prove one-one function
Vulch   6
N Today at 2:20 PM by Vulch
Hello everyone,
I am learning functional equations.
To prove the below problem one -one function,I have taken two non-negative real numbers $ (1,2)$ from the domain $\Bbb R_{*},$ and put those numbers into the given function f(x)=1/x.It gives us 1=1/2.But it's not true.So ,it can't be one-one function.But in the answer,it is one-one function.Would anyone enlighten me where is my fault? Thank you!
6 replies
Vulch
Apr 11, 2025
Vulch
Today at 2:20 PM
Inequalities
sqing   6
N Today at 2:20 PM by sqing
Let $ a,b,c> 0 $ and $  \frac{a}{a^2+ab+c}+\frac{b}{b^2+bc+a}+\frac{c}{c^2+ca+b} \geq 1$. Prove that
$$  a+b+c\leq 3    $$
6 replies
sqing
Apr 4, 2025
sqing
Today at 2:20 PM
hard number theory
eric201291   0
Today at 2:17 PM
Prove:There are no integers x, y, that y^2+9998587980=x^3.
0 replies
eric201291
Today at 2:17 PM
0 replies
Amc 10 mock
Mathsboy100   3
N Today at 1:50 PM by iwastedmyusername
let \[\lfloor  x   \rfloor\]denote the greatest integer less than or equal to x . What is the sum of the squares of the real numbers x for which \[  x^2 - 20\lfloor x \rfloor + 19 = 0  \]
3 replies
Mathsboy100
Oct 9, 2024
iwastedmyusername
Today at 1:50 PM
Inequalities
lgx57   4
N Today at 1:45 PM by pooh123
Let $0 < a,b,c < 1$. Prove that

$$a(1-b)+b(1-c)+c(1-a)<1$$
4 replies
lgx57
Mar 19, 2025
pooh123
Today at 1:45 PM
Let x,y,z be non-zero reals
Purple_Planet   3
N Today at 1:08 PM by sqing
Let $x,y,z$ be non-zero real numbers. Define $E=\frac{|x+y|}{|x|+|y|}+\frac{|x+z|}{|x|+|z|}+\frac{|y+z|}{|y|+|z|}$, then the number of all integers which lies in the range of $E$ is equal to.
3 replies
Purple_Planet
Jul 16, 2019
sqing
Today at 1:08 PM
Find the distance
Rushil   6
N Jul 18, 2024 by SomeonecoolLovesMaths
Source: Indian RMO 1993 Problem 1
Let $ABC$ be an acute angled triangle and $CD$ be the altitude through $C$. If $AB = 8$ and $CD = 6$, find the distance between the midpoints of $AD$ and $BC$.
6 replies
Rushil
Oct 15, 2005
SomeonecoolLovesMaths
Jul 18, 2024
Find the distance
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G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: Indian RMO 1993 Problem 1
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Rushil
1592 posts
#1 • 3 Y
Y by Adventure10, Adventure10, Mango247
Let $ABC$ be an acute angled triangle and $CD$ be the altitude through $C$. If $AB = 8$ and $CD = 6$, find the distance between the midpoints of $AD$ and $BC$.
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frt
1294 posts
#2 • 3 Y
Y by ajaykharabe, Adventure10, Mango247
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Let $X,Y,Z$ be mid-points of $BC,AD,AC$ respectively $\implies XZ||AB \text{  and  } XZ=\frac{1}{2}AB=4$
By further angle chasing, it is evident that $CD \perp XZ$ and since, $\Delta CZD$ and $\Delta CDX$ are isosceles $\implies CZDX $ is a kite,
Therefore, Let $CD \cap XZ =O \implies CO=DO=\frac{1}{2}CD=6 $ and we also know, $\Delta DXB$ is isosceles
Therefore, if $XH$ is altitude of $\Delta XDB$ ,such, $H \in AB \implies DO=XH=3$ .........Let $OX=x \implies OZ=4-x$
By midpoint theorem, $$OZ=YD=4-x \text{ and since, XODH is rectangle, } \implies OX=DH=4-x \implies YH=4$$Therefore, $$XY=\sqrt{XH^2+YH^2}=\boxed{5}$$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Nov 6, 2018, 8:17 PM
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Kuroshio
72 posts
#4
Y by
An easier solution.

Let $E$ and $F$ be the midpoints of $AD$ and $BC$ respectively
we have to find $EF$
Draw $FG$ $\perp$ $AB$ with $G$ on $AB$.
$FG = \frac{1}{2} CD =3$
Observe that $AD + BD=8
\implies ED+DG=4 => EG = 4$
In right angled $\Delta EFG$,
$EF =\sqrt{3^2 + 4^2}= 5$
This post has been edited 5 times. Last edited by Kuroshio, Jul 14, 2020, 6:16 AM
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ATGY
2502 posts
#5 • 2 Y
Y by Mango247, Mango247
Let F be the midpoint of BC, let G be the midpoint of BD, let E be the midpoint of AD.

Notice that $EG = ED + GD = \frac{1}{2}(AD + BD) = 4$.

Also, $FG = \frac{1}{2}CD = 3$ by the Midpoint Theorem.

Since $\triangle{FGB} \sim \triangle{CDB}$, $\angle{FGB} = \angle{FGD} = 90^{\circ}$. Hence $\triangle{FGE}$ is a right triangle.
$$\implies EF = \sqrt{EG^2 + FG^2 } = \boxed{5} ~ \text{by the Pythagorean Theorem}$$
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SomeonecoolLovesMaths
3186 posts
#6 • 1 Y
Y by SatisfiedMagma
Let $A = (0,0)$, $B=(8,0)$, $C = (x,6)$, $D = (x,0)$. Thus Midpoint of $AD = \left( \frac{x}{2},0 \right)$ and midpoint of $BC = \left( \frac{x+8}{6},0 \right)$. Using distance formula we get $\boxed{5}$.
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SomeonecoolLovesMaths
3186 posts
#7
Y by
Another beautiful construction, I don't know if someone has done it that way or not.

Construct $B`$ such that $A,B,D,B`$ are collinear. Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AD$, thus it is also the midpoint of $BB`$. Now $DB` = 8$ and $CD = 6$. By pythagorean theorem, $B`C = 10$. And using MPT, the required answer is $\boxed{5}$.
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