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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Number Theory
fasttrust_12-mn   9
N a minute ago by Shiny_zubat
Source: Pan African Mathematics Olympiad P1
Find all positive intgers $a,b$ and $c$ such that $\frac{a+b}{a+c}=\frac{b+c}{b+a}$ and $ab+bc+ca$ is a prime number
9 replies
1 viewing
fasttrust_12-mn
Aug 15, 2024
Shiny_zubat
a minute ago
Interesting inequalities
sqing   5
N 5 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b> 0 $ and $  a^2+ab+b^2=a+b   $. Prove that
$$   \frac{a }{2b^2+1}+ \frac{b }{2a^2+1}+ \frac{1}{2ab+1} \geq \frac{21}{17}$$Let $ a,b> 0 $ and $ a^2+ab+b^2=a+b+1   $. Prove that
$$   \frac{a }{2b^2+1}+ \frac{b }{2a^2+1}+ \frac{1}{2ab+1} \geq1$$
5 replies
+2 w
sqing
May 4, 2025
sqing
5 minutes ago
3-var inequality
sqing   4
N 6 minutes ago by sqing
Source: Own
Let $ a,b,c\geq 0 ,a+b+c =1. $ Prove that
$$\frac{ab}{2c+1} +\frac{bc}{2a+1} +\frac{ca}{2b+1}+\frac{27}{20} abc\leq \frac{1}{4} $$
4 replies
sqing
May 3, 2025
sqing
6 minutes ago
Incentre-excentre geometry
oVlad   1
N 26 minutes ago by mashumaro
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 2 P2
Consider a scalene triangle $ABC$ with incentre $I$ and excentres $I_a,I_b,$ and $I_c$, opposite the vertices $A,B,$ and $C$ respectively. The incircle touches $BC,CA,$ and $AB$ at $E,F,$ and $G$ respectively. Prove that the circles $IEI_a,IFI_b,$ and $IGI_c$ have a common point other than $I$.
1 reply
oVlad
an hour ago
mashumaro
26 minutes ago
IMO Genre Predictions
ohiorizzler1434   53
N 31 minutes ago by GreekIdiot
Everybody, with IMO upcoming, what are you predictions for the problem genres?


Personally I predict: predict
53 replies
1 viewing
ohiorizzler1434
May 3, 2025
GreekIdiot
31 minutes ago
Functional Equation Problem
LeatuyrBertyk   0
38 minutes ago
Find all function $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that:
i) $f(x+y)\leq f(x)+f(y),\forall x,y\in\mathbb{R}$;
ii) $\ln 2025\cdot f(x)\leq 2025^x-1,\forall x\in\mathbb{R}$.
0 replies
LeatuyrBertyk
38 minutes ago
0 replies
Two equal angles
jayme   5
N an hour ago by Captainscrubz
Dear Mathlinkers,

1. ABCD a square
2. I the midpoint of AB
3. 1 the circle center at A passing through B
4. Q the point of intersection of 1 with the segment IC
5. X the foot of the perpendicular to BC from Q
6. Y the point of intersection of 1 with the segment AX
7. M the point of intersection of CY and AB.

Prove : <ACI = <IYM.

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
5 replies
jayme
May 2, 2025
Captainscrubz
an hour ago
Geometry
Lukariman   1
N an hour ago by Lukariman
Given circle (O) and point P outside (O). From P draw tangents PA and PB to (O) with contact points A, B. On the opposite ray of ray BP, take point M. The circle circumscribing triangle APM intersects (O) at the second point D. Let H be the projection of B on AM. Prove that <HDM = 2∠AMP.
1 reply
Lukariman
2 hours ago
Lukariman
an hour ago
5-th powers is a no-go - JBMO Shortlist
WakeUp   7
N an hour ago by Namisgood
Prove that there are are no positive integers $x$ and $y$ such that $x^5+y^5+1=(x+2)^5+(y-3)^5$.

Note
7 replies
WakeUp
Oct 30, 2010
Namisgood
an hour ago
positive integers forming a perfect square
cielblue   5
N an hour ago by Assassino9931
Find all positive integers $n$ such that $2^n-n^2+1$ is a perfect square.
5 replies
cielblue
May 2, 2025
Assassino9931
an hour ago
Unusual product is perfect square
oVlad   1
N an hour ago by NTstrucker
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 2 P1
Let $n\geqslant 2$ and $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n$ be non-zero integers such that $a_1+a_2+\cdots+a_n=a_1a_2\cdots a_n.$ Prove that \[(a_1^2-1)(a_2^2-1)\cdots(a_n^2-1)\]is a perfect square.
1 reply
oVlad
an hour ago
NTstrucker
an hour ago
Simple inequality
sqing   6
N an hour ago by ys33
Source: Shiing-Shen Chern Cup Mathematical Olympiads 2018,Q2
Let $a,b,c,d$ be positive real numbers.Prove that$$\sqrt[3]{ab}+\sqrt[3]{cd}\leq\sqrt[3]{(a+b+c)(c+d+a)}.$$When equality holds?
6 replies
sqing
Jul 26, 2018
ys33
an hour ago
Labelling edges of Kn
oVlad   0
an hour ago
Source: Romania Junior TST 2025 Day 2 P3
Let $n\geqslant 3$ be an integer. Ion draws a regular $n$-gon and all its diagonals. On every diagonal and edge, Ion writes a positive integer, such that for any triangle formed with the vertices of the $n$-gon, one of the numbers on its edges is the sum of the two other numbers on its edges. Determine the smallest possible number of distinct values that Ion can write.
0 replies
oVlad
an hour ago
0 replies
FUNCTION EQUATION
Zahy2106   0
an hour ago
Source: Collection
Determine all functions $f:(0,+\infty) \to (0,+\infty)$ safisty: $$f\left(\frac{f(x)+f(y)}{x}\right)+\frac{f(x)}{y}=\frac{x(x+f(y))}{yf(x)}+\frac{y}{x},\forall x,y>0$$
0 replies
Zahy2106
an hour ago
0 replies
Overlapping game
Kei0923   3
N Apr 30, 2025 by CrazyInMath
Source: 2023 Japan MO Finals 1
On $5\times 5$ squares, we cover the area with several S-Tetrominos (=Z-Tetrominos) along the square so that in every square, there are two or fewer tiles covering that (tiles can be overlap). Find the maximum possible number of squares covered by at least one tile.
3 replies
Kei0923
Feb 11, 2023
CrazyInMath
Apr 30, 2025
Overlapping game
G H J
G H BBookmark kLocked kLocked NReply
Source: 2023 Japan MO Finals 1
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Kei0923
95 posts
#1 • 2 Y
Y by GeoKing, itslumi
On $5\times 5$ squares, we cover the area with several S-Tetrominos (=Z-Tetrominos) along the square so that in every square, there are two or fewer tiles covering that (tiles can be overlap). Find the maximum possible number of squares covered by at least one tile.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Kei0923, Feb 11, 2023, 11:22 AM
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Tintarn
9042 posts
#2 • 2 Y
Y by SPHS1234, GuvercinciHoca
Answer
Solution
Z K Y
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hectorleo123
344 posts
#4 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
Kei0923 wrote:
On $5\times 5$ squares, we cover the area with several S-Tetrominos (=Z-Tetrominos) along the square so that in every square, there are two or fewer tiles covering that (tiles can be overlap). Find the maximum possible number of squares covered by at least one tile.
$\color{blue}\boxed{\textbf{Answer: 24}}$
$\color{blue}\boxed{\textbf{Proof:}}$
$\color{blue}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
$\text{Let us consider the following coloring:}$
[asy]
draw((0,0)--(5,0)--(5,5)--(0,5)--(0,0));
draw((1,0)--(1,5));
draw((2,0)--(2,5));
draw((3,0)--(3,5));
draw((4,0)--(4,5));
draw((0,1)--(5,1));
draw((0,2)--(5,2));
draw((0,3)--(5,3));
draw((0,4)--(5,4));
fill((1,1)--(2,1)--(2,2)--(1,2)--cycle, black);
fill((1,3)--(2,3)--(2,4)--(1,4)--cycle, black);
fill((3,3)--(4,3)--(4,4)--(3,4)--cycle, black);
fill((3,1)--(4,1)--(4,2)--(3,2)--cycle, black);
[/asy]
$$\text{Let's note that each tetromino covers exactly one black square, as there can be at most 2 tiles per square and there are 4 black squares}$$$$\Rightarrow \text{Number of tiles}\le 2\times 4=8$$$\text{Let us consider the following coloring:}$
[asy]
draw((0,0)--(5,0)--(5,5)--(0,5)--(0,0));
draw((1,0)--(1,5));
draw((2,0)--(2,5));
draw((3,0)--(3,5));
draw((4,0)--(4,5));
draw((0,1)--(5,1));
draw((0,2)--(5,2));
draw((0,3)--(5,3));
draw((0,4)--(5,4));
fill((0,0)--(1,0)--(1,1)--(0,1)--cycle, blue);
fill((0,2)--(0,3)--(1,3)--(1,2)--cycle, blue);
fill((0,4)--(0,5)--(1,5)--(1,4)--cycle, blue);
fill((2,0)--(3,0)--(3,1)--(2,1)--cycle, blue);
fill((2,2)--(3,2)--(3,3)--(2,3)--cycle, blue);
fill((2,4)--(3,4)--(3,5)--(2,5)--cycle, blue);
fill((4,0)--(5,0)--(5,1)--(4,1)--cycle, blue);
fill((4,2)--(5,2)--(5,3)--(4,3)--cycle, blue);
fill((4,4)--(4,5)--(5,5)--(5,4)--cycle, blue);
[/asy]
$$\text{Let's keep in mind that each tetromino covers exactly one blue square, since there are 9 blue squares and there are at most 8 tiles,}$$$$\text{then at least 1 square remains uncovered}$$$$\text{Number of squares covered by at least one tile}\le 24$$$\color{blue}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
$\color{blue}\boxed{\textbf{Example:}}$
$\color{blue}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
$\text{We fill the board with two layers:}$
[asy]
draw((0,0)--(5,0)--(5,5)--(0,5)--(0,0));
draw((1,0)--(1,1)--(0,1));
draw((0,3)--(1,3)--(1,2)--(2,2)--(2,0));
draw((2,2)--(2,4)--(1,4)--(1,5));
draw((5,0)--(4,0)--(4,1)--(3,1)--(3,5));
draw((4,5)--(4,4)--(5,4));
draw((3,3)--(4,3)--(4,2)--(5,2));
[/asy]
[asy]
draw((0,0)--(5,0)--(5,5)--(0,5)--(0,0));
draw((0,1)--(1,1)--(1,2)--(3,2)--(3,1)--(2,1)--(2,0));
draw((3,2)--(5,2));
draw((5,1)--(4,1)--(4,0));
draw((1,5)--(1,4)--(0,4));
draw((0,3)--(2,3)--(2,4)--(3,4)--(3,5));
draw((2,3)--(4,3)--(4,4)--(5,4));
[/asy]
$$\text{Note that there are 24 squares that meet the order}$$$\color{blue}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
$\color{green}\boxed{\textbf{Conclusion:}}$
$\color{green}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
$$\boxed{\textbf{There are at most 24 squares covered by at least one tile}}_\blacksquare$$$\color{green}\rule{24cm}{0.3pt}$
Z K Y
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CrazyInMath
457 posts
#6
Y by
The answer is $24$. Consider that two S-tetromino can form a $2\times 5$ rectangle that has two corners missing
Using four of those can cover everything but the center square.
Consider color the board like this

ABABA
CDCDC
ABABA
CDCDC
ABABA

then each piece would cover one of each A, B, C, D.
As there are only four Ds, we can use at most eight S-tetrominoes
As there are nine A's, there would at least be one uncovered A, so one cannot cover all squares.
Z K Y
N Quick Reply
G
H
=
a