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jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
A weird problem
jayme   0
21 minutes ago
Dear Mathlinkers,

1. ABC a triangle
2. 0 the circumcircle
3. I the incenter
4. 1 a circle passing througn B and C
5. X, Y the second points of intersection of 1 wrt BI, CI
6. 2 the circumcircle of the triangle XYI
7. M, N the symetrics of B, C wrt XY.

Question : if 2 is tangent to 0 then, 2 is tangent to MN.

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
0 replies
jayme
21 minutes ago
0 replies
NT game with products
Kimchiks926   4
N 38 minutes ago by math-olympiad-clown
Source: Baltic Way 2022, Problem 20
Ingrid and Erik are playing a game. For a given odd prime $p$, the numbers $1, 2, 3, ..., p-1$ are written on a blackboard. The players take turns making moves with Ingrid starting. A move consists of one of the players crossing out a number on the board that has not yet been crossed out. If the product of all currently crossed out numbers is $1 \pmod p$ after the move, the player whose move it was receives one point, otherwise, zero points are awarded. The game ends after all numbers have been crossed out.

The player who has received the most points by the end of the game wins. If both players have the same score, the game ends in a draw. For each $p$, determine which player (if any) has a winning strategy
4 replies
Kimchiks926
Nov 12, 2022
math-olympiad-clown
38 minutes ago
set with c+2a>3b
VicKmath7   49
N an hour ago by wangyanliluke
Source: ISL 2021 A1
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Given is a subset $A$ of $\{0,1,...,5^n\}$ with $4n+2$ elements. Prove that there exist three elements $a<b<c$ from $A$ such that $c+2a>3b$.

Proposed by Dominik Burek and Tomasz Ciesla, Poland
49 replies
1 viewing
VicKmath7
Jul 12, 2022
wangyanliluke
an hour ago
interesting geo config (2/3)
Royal_mhyasd   8
N an hour ago by Royal_mhyasd
Source: own
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle and $H$ its orthocenter. Let $P$ be a point on the parallel through $A$ to $BC$ such that $\angle APH = |\angle ABC-\angle ACB|$. Define $Q$ and $R$ as points on the parallels through $B$ to $AC$ and through $C$ to $AB$ similarly. If $P,Q,R$ are positioned around the sides of $\triangle ABC$ as in the given configuration, prove that $P,Q,R$ are collinear.
8 replies
Royal_mhyasd
Saturday at 11:36 PM
Royal_mhyasd
an hour ago
No more topics!
IMO 2014 Problem 4
ipaper   170
N May 27, 2025 by lpieleanu
Let $P$ and $Q$ be on segment $BC$ of an acute triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle PAB=\angle BCA$ and $\angle CAQ=\angle ABC$. Let $M$ and $N$ be the points on $AP$ and $AQ$, respectively, such that $P$ is the midpoint of $AM$ and $Q$ is the midpoint of $AN$. Prove that the intersection of $BM$ and $CN$ is on the circumference of triangle $ABC$.

Proposed by Giorgi Arabidze, Georgia.
170 replies
ipaper
Jul 9, 2014
lpieleanu
May 27, 2025
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peppapig_
280 posts
#167
Y by
First, we make the following claim.

***

Claim 1. $BM$ and $CN$ intersect at $X$, where $X$ is the unique (by uniqueness of harmonic conjugates) point on $(ABC)$ such that $(AX;BC)=-1$.

It now suffices to show that this point $X$ lies on both $BM$ and $CN$. Let $N'=CX\cap AQ$. We make the following claim.

***

Claim 2. $Q$ is the midpoint of $AN'$. In other words, $N'=N$.

Proof.
Let $T$ be the intersection of the tangents to $(ABC)$ at $B$ and $C$. Notice that,
\[\angle AQC=180-\angle CAQ-\angle C=180-\angle B-\angle C=\angle A=\angle BCT,\]so $CT\parallel AQ$, which means that we can then get that
\[-1=(AX;BC)\overset{B}{=}(AX;TY)\overset{C}{=}(AN';P_{\infty, CT}Q),\]so $(AN';QP_{\infty, CT})=-1$, implying that $Q$ must be the midpoint of $N'$, as desired. Therefore $N=N'$.

***

Since $N'\in CX$ and $N=N'$, this means that $X$ lies on $CN$. Similarly, we can prove that $X$ also lies on $BM$, which means that $BM$ and $CN$ both intersect at point $X$, which lies on the circle $(ABC)$. This completes our proof.
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by peppapig_, Oct 29, 2024, 11:49 PM
Reason: Wording
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lnzhonglp
120 posts
#168
Y by
Let $B'$ be the reflection of $A$ over $B$ and let $C'$ be the reflection of $A$ over $C$. Let $X = BM \cap CN$. Then $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle MB'A \sim \triangle NAC',$ and $\triangle B'BM \sim \triangle ANC$, so \begin{align*}\measuredangle BXC &= \measuredangle XBC + \measuredangle BCX \\ &= \measuredangle XMN + \measuredangle MNX \\&= \measuredangle  CNA + \measuredangle C'NC \\&= \measuredangle C'NA = \measuredangle BAC.\end{align*}Therefore, $X$ lies on $(ABC)$.
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ihatemath123
3449 posts
#169 • 1 Y
Y by OronSH
Let $J$ be the reflection of $B$ across $A$ and let $K$ be the reflection of $C$ across $A$ so that $JKBC$ is a parallelogram. By the definitions of $P$ and $Q$, we have that $\triangle ABC \sim \triangle PBA \sim \triangle QAC$. So, we also have
\[PABM \sim ACBK, \qquad QACN \sim ABCJ.\]Now, letting $X$ be the intersection between lines $BM$ and $CN$, we have that
\begin{align*}\angle BXC &= 180^{\circ} - \angle MBP - \angle NCQ \\ &= 180^{\circ} - \angle KBA - \angle JCA = 180^{\circ} - \angle A,\end{align*}as desired.
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smileapple
1010 posts
#170 • 1 Y
Y by teomihai
Reflect $B$ and $C$ about $A$ to get points $X$ and $Y$ respectively. Then $\triangle ANC\sim\triangle BXC$, so that $\angle ACN=\angle BCX$ and thus $\angle XCY=\angle BCN$. Similarly, we also have that $\angle XBY=\angle CBM$. Letting $R$ be the intersection of $BM$ and $CN$, we find that $\angle BRC=180^\circ-\angle BCN-\angle CBM=180^\circ-\angle XCY-\angle CBY=180^\circ-\angle BAC$, so $R$ lies on the circumcircle of $\triangle ABC$ as desired. $\blacksquare$
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Ilikeminecraft
677 posts
#171
Y by
Let $X = BM\cap(ABC).$ Consider the tangent at $B$. Clearly, it is parallel to $AP.$ Hence, $-1 = (AM; P\infty) \stackrel=B (AX;BC),$ which finishes.
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Maximilian113
576 posts
#172
Y by
Let $R=BM \cap CN.$ Observe that from our conditions $$\triangle BPA \sim \triangle AQC \implies \frac{BP}{PM} = \frac{BP}{AP} = \frac{AQ}{CQ} = \frac{NQ}{QC}.$$But $\angle APQ = \angle AQP \implies \angle BPM = \angle NQC$ so by SAS $$\triangle BPM \sim \triangle NQC \implies \angle PCR = \angle PMR,$$so $PCMR$ is cyclic. Hence, $$\angle ACR = \angle ACB + \angle BCR = \angle BAP + \angle AMB = 180^\circ - \angle ABM,$$so $ABRC$ is cyclic. QED
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Maximilian113, Mar 1, 2025, 5:52 AM
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Retemoeg
59 posts
#173
Y by
Interesting problem..

Let $BM$ and $CN$ intersect at $T$. Denote $C’$ the reflection of $C$ in $Q$. Note that triangles $AQC$ and $BPA$ are similar, so triangles $AC’C$ and $BMA$ are similar, implying that $\angle CAC’ = \angle ABM$. Now, as $C’ACN$ is a parallelogram, we should have:
\[ \angle ABT + \angle ACT = \angle ABM + \angle ACN = \angle CAC’ + 180^{\circ} - \angle CAC’ = 180^{\circ} \]Thus providing that $T$ lies on $(ABC)$, as desired.
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Sadigly
228 posts
#174 • 1 Y
Y by ihatemath123
Seems bashable,will solve it tmrw
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eg4334
636 posts
#175
Y by
Use bary on $\triangle ABC$. By tangent circles and pop, $BP = \frac{c^2}{a}$ so then its immediate that $P = (0, \frac{a^2-c^2}{a^2}, \frac{c^2}{a^2})$ and similarly $Q = (0, \frac{b^2}{a^2}, \frac{a^2-b^2}{a^2})$. Then, $M = (-1, \frac{2(a^2-c^2)}{a^2}, \frac{2c^2}{a^2})$ and $N = (-1, \frac{2b^2}{a^2}, \frac{2(a^2-b^2)}{a^2})$. If we let the intersection be $(-1, t, \frac{2c^2}{a^2})$ by parameterizing $BM$ then we need
\begin{align*}
\begin{vmatrix}
0 & 0 & 1\\
-1 & t & \frac{2c^2}{a^2} \\
-1 & \frac{2b^2}{a^2} & \frac{2(a^2-b^2)}{a^2}
\end{vmatrix}  = 0
\end{align*}whicih gives $t = \frac{2b^2}{a^2}$. Now its trivial to confirm that indeed $a^2yz+b^2xz+c^2xy=0$.
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Marcus_Zhang
980 posts
#176
Y by
Target practice for Bary.
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hgomamogh
41 posts
#177
Y by
Let $X$ be the intersection of $BM$ and the circumcircle of $ABC$, which we will denote as $\Gamma$. Eyeballing seems to suggest that $X$ is on the $A$-symmedian. We will prove this using projective geometry.

By an angle chase, we observe that the tangent to $\Gamma$ at $B$ is parallel to $AP$. This is because both lines make an angle of $\angle BAC$ with the segment $BC$. Furthermore, observe that \begin{align*}
(A, M; P, \infty_{AM}) = -1.
\end{align*}
Hence, when we take perspectivity at $B$ onto $\Gamma$, we obtain \begin{align*}
(A, X; B, C) = -1.
\end{align*}
Therefore, $X$ is on the $A$-symmedian.

We can similarly show that if $X'$ is the intersection of $CN$ and $\Gamma$, then $X'$ also lies on the $A$-symmedian. It follows that $X$ and $X'$ are the same point, so we are done.
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bjump
1035 posts
#178
Y by
Bruh what is this,
Let $F_B = BM \cap (ABC)$, and $F_C = CN \cap (ABC)$.
$$-1=(A,M; P, BB \cap AM) \stackrel{B} = (A,F_{B} ;C,B)$$$$-1=(A,N; Q, CC \cap AN) \stackrel{C} = (A, F_{C}; B,C)$$Therefore $F_{B} = F_{C}$ and we are done.
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Bonime
38 posts
#179
Y by
$\textbf{G1 IMOSL 2014}$

I think i´ve never seen many different solutions for the same problem. Here´s mine:
I´ll show that $BM$ and $CN$ intersect at the intersection of $(ABC)$ and the $A$-symmedian. By taking a homothety centered at $A$ with ratio $\frac{1}2$, It´s equivalent to show that, if $Y_a$ is the $A$-humpty at $ABC$, $P-Y_a-M$ and $Q-Y_a-N$ are collinear, where $M$ is the midpoint of $AB$ and $N$, of $AC$.

To show this, consider the transormation $\phi(X)=X'$ which is the composition of a inversion centered at $A$ with ratio $\sqrt{AB\cdot AC}$ and a reflection over the internal angle bissector of $\angle A$. Then $P'$ is the intersection of the parallel through $B$ and $(ABC)$, $M'$ is the refletion of $A$ over $C$ and $Y_a'$ is the intersection of parallels through $B$ and $C$, parallel to $AC$ and $AB$, respectively. We want to show that $AY_a'P'M'$ is cyclic, but it's immediate, since it's a isosceles trapezoid. The result follows simillarly to show the other collinearity. $\blacksquare$
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YaoAOPS
1541 posts
#180
Y by
Note that $(ABQ), (APC)$ are tangent to $AB$ and $AC$ and intersect again at the dumpty point $D_A$. We claim that $BM \cap CN$ goes through the intersection of the $A$-symmedian with $(ABC)$, so it remains to show that $PD_A$ bisects $AB$. It thus remains to show that $BD_AP$ is tangent to $AB$ as then if $M$ is the midpoint of $AB$, $MA^2 = MB^2$ lies on $PD_A$. Finally, we note that \[ \measuredangle D_APB = \measuredangle D_APC = \measuredangle D_AAC = \measuredangle D_ABA \]as desired.
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lpieleanu
3009 posts
#181
Y by
Solution
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N Quick Reply
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