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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
Infinite number of sets with an intersection property
Drytime   7
N 40 minutes ago by HHGB
Source: Romania TST 2013 Test 2 Problem 4
Let $k$ be a positive integer larger than $1$. Build an infinite set $\mathcal{A}$ of subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ having the following properties:

(a) any $k$ distinct sets of $\mathcal{A}$ have exactly one common element;
(b) any $k+1$ distinct sets of $\mathcal{A}$ have void intersection.
7 replies
Drytime
Apr 26, 2013
HHGB
40 minutes ago
My journey to IMO
MTA_2024   5
N an hour ago by Konigsberg
Note to moderators: I had no idea if this is the ideal forum for this or not, feel free to move it wherever you want ;)

Hi everyone,
I am a random 14 years old 9th grader, national olympiad winner, and silver medalist in the francophone olympiad of maths (junior section) Click here to see the test in itself.
While on paper, this might seem like a solid background (and tbh it kinda is); but I only have one problem rn: an extreme lack of preparation (You'll understand very soon just keep reading :D ).
You see, when the francophone olympiad, the national olympiad and the international kangaroo ended (and they where in the span of 4 days!!!) I've told myself :"aight, enough math, take a break till summer" (and btw, summer starts rh in July and ends in October) and from then I didn't seriously study maths.
That was until yesterday, (see, none of our senior's year students could go because the bachelor's degree exam and the IMO's dates coincide). So they replaced them with us, junior students. And suddenly, with no previous warning, I found myself at the very bottom of the IMO list of participants. And it's been months since I last "seriously" studied maths.
I'm really looking forward to this incredible journey, and potentially winning a medal :laugh: . But regardless of my results I know it'll be a fantastic journey with this very large and kind community.
Any advices or help is more than welcome <3 .Thank yall for helping me reach and surpass a ton of my goals.
Sincerely.
5 replies
+1 w
MTA_2024
3 hours ago
Konigsberg
an hour ago
m^m+ n^n=k^k
parmenides51   2
N an hour ago by Assassino9931
Source: 2021 Ukraine NMO 11.6
Are there natural numbers $(m,n,k)$ that satisfy the equation $m^m+ n^n=k^k$ ?
2 replies
parmenides51
Apr 4, 2021
Assassino9931
an hour ago
Find the value
sqing   14
N an hour ago by Yiyj
Source: 2024 China Fujian High School Mathematics Competition
Let $f(x)=a_6x^6+a_5x^5+a_4x^4+a_3x^3+a_2x^2+a_1x+a_0,$ $a_i\in\{-1,1\} ,i=0,1,2,\cdots,6 $ and $f(2)=-53 .$ Find the value of $f(1).$
14 replies
sqing
Jun 22, 2024
Yiyj
an hour ago
diophantine with factorials and exponents
skellyrah   1
N an hour ago by pingpongmerrily
find all positive integers $a,b,c$ such that $$ a! + 5^b = c^3 $$
1 reply
skellyrah
2 hours ago
pingpongmerrily
an hour ago
A circle tangent to AB,AC with center J!
Noob_at_math_69_level   6
N an hour ago by awesomeming327.
Source: DGO 2023 Team P2
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be a triangle with a circle $\Omega$ with center $J$ tangent to sides $AC,AB$ at $E,F$ respectively. Suppose the circle with diameter $AJ$ intersects the circumcircle of $\triangle{ABC}$ again at $T.$ $T'$ is the reflection of $T$ over $AJ$. Suppose points $X,Y$ lie on $\Omega$ such that $EX,FY$ are parallel to $BC$. Prove that: The intersection of $BX,CY$ lie on the circumcircle of $\triangle{BT'C}.$

Proposed by Dtong08math & many authors
6 replies
Noob_at_math_69_level
Dec 18, 2023
awesomeming327.
an hour ago
Easy functional equation
fattypiggy123   15
N 3 hours ago by ariopro1387
Source: Singapore Mathematical Olympiad 2014 Problem 2
Find all functions from the reals to the reals satisfying
\[f(xf(y) + x) = xy + f(x)\]
15 replies
fattypiggy123
Jul 5, 2014
ariopro1387
3 hours ago
Iran TST Starter
M11100111001Y1R   5
N 3 hours ago by DeathIsAwe
Source: Iran TST 2025 Test 1 Problem 1
Let \( a_n \) be a sequence of positive real numbers such that for every \( n > 2025 \), we have:
\[
a_n = \max_{1 \leq i \leq 2025} a_{n-i} - \min_{1 \leq i \leq 2025} a_{n-i}
\]Prove that there exists a natural number \( M \) such that for all \( n > M \), the following holds:
\[
a_n < \frac{1}{1404}
\]
5 replies
M11100111001Y1R
May 27, 2025
DeathIsAwe
3 hours ago
Very odd geo
Royal_mhyasd   1
N 3 hours ago by Royal_mhyasd
Source: own (i think)
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AC>AB>BC$ and let $H$ be its orthocenter. Let $P$ be a point on the perpendicular bisector of $AH$ such that $\angle APH=2(\angle ABC - \angle ACB)$ and $P$ and $C$ are on different sides of $AB$, $Q$ a point on the perpendicular bisector of $BH$ such that $\angle BQH = 2(\angle ACB-\angle BAC)$ and $R$ a point on the perpendicular bisector of $CH$ such that $\angle CRH=2(\angle ABC - \angle BAC)$ and $Q,R$ lie on the opposite side of $BC$ w.r.t $A$. Prove that $P,Q$ and $R$ are collinear.
1 reply
Royal_mhyasd
3 hours ago
Royal_mhyasd
3 hours ago
Calculating sum of the numbers
Sadigly   5
N 3 hours ago by aokmh3n2i2rt
Source: Azerbaijan Junior MO 2025 P4
A $3\times3$ square is filled with numbers $1;2;3...;9$.The numbers inside four $2\times2$ squares is summed,and arranged in an increasing order. Is it possible to obtain the following sequences as a result of this operation?

$\text{a)}$ $24,24,25,25$

$\text{b)}$ $20,23,26,29$
5 replies
Sadigly
May 9, 2025
aokmh3n2i2rt
3 hours ago
Swap to the symmedian
Noob_at_math_69_level   7
N 4 hours ago by awesomeming327.
Source: DGO 2023 Team P1
Let $\triangle{ABC}$ be a triangle with points $U,V$ lie on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ such that $B,U,V,C$ lie on a circle. Suppose $UD,UE,UF$ are perpendicular to sides $BC,AC,AB$ at points $D,E,F.$ The tangent lines from points $E,F$ to the circumcircle of $\triangle{DEF}$ intersects at point $S.$ Prove that: $AV,DS$ are parallel.

Proposed by Paramizo Dicrominique
7 replies
Noob_at_math_69_level
Dec 18, 2023
awesomeming327.
4 hours ago
Find (AB * CD) / (AC * BD) & prove orthogonality of circles
Maverick   15
N 4 hours ago by Ilikeminecraft
Source: IMO 1993, Day 1, Problem 2
Let $A$, $B$, $C$, $D$ be four points in the plane, with $C$ and $D$ on the same side of the line $AB$, such that $AC \cdot BD = AD \cdot BC$ and $\angle ADB = 90^{\circ}+\angle ACB$. Find the ratio
\[\frac{AB \cdot CD}{AC \cdot BD}, \]
and prove that the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ are orthogonal. (Intersecting circles are said to be orthogonal if at either common point their tangents are perpendicuar. Thus, proving that the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ are orthogonal is equivalent to proving that the tangents to the circumcircles of the triangles $ACD$ and $BCD$ at the point $C$ are perpendicular.)
15 replies
Maverick
Jul 13, 2004
Ilikeminecraft
4 hours ago
f(x+f(x)+f(y))=x+f(x+y)
dangerousliri   10
N 5 hours ago by jasperE3
Source: FEOO, Shortlist A5
Find all functions $f:\mathbb{R}^+\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^+$ such that for any positive real numbers $x$ and $y$,
$$f(x+f(x)+f(y))=x+f(x+y)$$Proposed by Athanasios Kontogeorgis, Grecce, and Dorlir Ahmeti, Kosovo
10 replies
dangerousliri
May 31, 2020
jasperE3
5 hours ago
n-variable inequality
ABCDE   66
N 5 hours ago by ND_
Source: 2015 IMO Shortlist A1, Original 2015 IMO #5
Suppose that a sequence $a_1,a_2,\ldots$ of positive real numbers satisfies \[a_{k+1}\geq\frac{ka_k}{a_k^2+(k-1)}\]for every positive integer $k$. Prove that $a_1+a_2+\ldots+a_n\geq n$ for every $n\geq2$.
66 replies
ABCDE
Jul 7, 2016
ND_
5 hours ago
Easy Geometry
ayan.nmath   41
N Apr 30, 2025 by L13832
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
41 replies
ayan.nmath
Jul 17, 2019
L13832
Apr 30, 2025
Easy Geometry
G H J
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
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ayan.nmath
643 posts
#1 • 8 Y
Y by donotoven, HWenslawski, Miku_, TFIRSTMGMEDALIST, maolus, tiendung2006, Adventure10, Rounak_iitr
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by ayan.nmath, Jul 17, 2019, 1:03 PM
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Pluto1708
1107 posts
#2 • 5 Y
Y by nguyendangkhoa17112003, GeoMetrix, HWenslawski, Mathlover_1, Adventure10
Beautiful Problem!
Solution
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by Pluto1708, Jul 17, 2019, 2:57 PM
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Bashy99
698 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
My solution.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by Bashy99, Jul 17, 2019, 9:20 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10, Mango247
Well-known problem embedded WRT $\Delta AH_BH_C$
India Practice TST 2019 #2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
Solution: Let $H_B,H_C$ be foot from $B,C$. Note, $\odot (AEHF)$ $\equiv$ $\odot (AH_BH_C)$ $\implies$ $AF$ is exterior bisector WRT $\angle BAC$, $E$ is midpoint of arc $H_BHH_C$ and $D$ is intersection of tangents at $H_B,H_C$ $\implies$ $D,E,F$ collinear
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Jul 21, 2019, 1:34 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Kill a Fly with Bazooka
This post has been edited 4 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Oct 27, 2019, 6:09 PM
Reason: Wrong Grammar...Blame My English Teacher
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L-.Lawliet
19 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10
Do an inversion around $A$ with radius $\sqrt{AH.AX}$ where $X$ is the foot of perpendicular of the $A$ on $BC$. Then $$E \mapsto AE \cap BC, F \mapsto AF \cap BC$$and $D \mapsto (AD) \cap \odot(BHC)$ which is the $A-$HM point in $\triangle ABC$. But they lie on the A-apollonious circle. So done.
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Steve12345
620 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Why so complicated? This is from Bosnia and Herzegovina: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1709471p11016808
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amar_04
1916 posts
#8 • 5 Y
Y by GeoMetrix, Purple_Planet, Pakistan, Miku_, Adventure10
Too Easy for a TST Problem but nice...
Indian TST Practise Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Solution:- Let $M$ be the intersection of the diagonals $AH$ and $FE$. Let $X,Y,Z$ be the feet of altitudes from $A,B,C$ respectively and let $FE\cap ZY=K$.
Notice that $FE\perp ZY$ as $\angle KEZ+\angle KZE=\angle FAZ+\angle ZAE=90^\circ\implies FE\perp ZY$.

Now by Radical Axis on $\odot(AZHY)$ and $\odot(BZYC)$ we get that $MD\perp ZY$. This forces $D-E-F$. $\blacksquare$.
This post has been edited 7 times. Last edited by amar_04, Nov 1, 2019, 9:15 PM
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lilavati_2005
357 posts
#10 • 3 Y
Y by RudraRockstar, Lcz, Miku_
Easy and nice.
Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Let the feet of the altitudes from $A,B,C$ to sides $BC,CA,AB$ be $P,Q,R$ respectively.
  • $\angle AFH = \angle AQH = 90 \Longrightarrow A,F,P,E,Q$ are concyclic with diameter $EF = AH$.
  • By Fact 5, $EP = EQ \Longrightarrow FP = FQ$ which implies that $EP \perp PQ$.
  • Thus, $EE\parallel PQ \parallel FF \Longrightarrow FPEQ$ is harmonic.
  • Hence, $E,F,D$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by lilavati_2005, Apr 5, 2020, 2:43 AM
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gabrupro
249 posts
#11
Y by
$        $
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Maths_1729
390 posts
#12
Y by
ayan.nmath wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
As the title suggests its really easy.. Anyways i will post my solution then also.
Let $H_A, H_B, H_C$ be the Base of altitude from $A, B, C$ Respectively. Now Just observe $AH_BH_CE$ is cyclic With Circumcenter $X$ Then as $\angle HEA=90^\circ$ So $X\in AH$ And also as $E\in$ Angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ So $H_BE=H_CE$
Now just observe if $D$ is the midpoint of $BC$ then $H_BD=H_CD=\frac{BC}{2}$ and also

$\angle XH_BD=\angle XH_CD=90^\circ$ Hence $H_BD, H_CD$ are tangents from $D$ and as $H_BE=H_CE$ So clearly $X, E, D$ Are collinear. And as $F\in XE$ So $F, E, D$ Are collinear $\blacksquare$

Also Here's More harder Version of the question.. Why in the question $O$ is Defined??
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Maths_1729, Mar 29, 2021, 4:43 PM
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sotpidot
290 posts
#13
Y by
sol
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peterdawson
25 posts
#14
Y by
This is India TST Problem? Shame. It is great configuration though.

Let X and Y be the foot of perpendicular from B to AC and C to AB respectively. We see that due to Three Tangents Lemma, DX and DY are tangent to circle with diameter AH and so D lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY and E and F also lie on this circle due to the given conditions, now we see that AE is internal angle bisector of \angle XAY so E lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY since E lies on circle with diameter AH and since \angle FAE = 90^\circ, we see that F lies on external angle bisector of \angle XAY and so F lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY as F lies on circle with diameter AH, so points D, E, F lie on the perpendicular bisector of segment XY as desired

PS : By today I will be allowed to LaTeX this post so for now posting a non-LaTeXed solution
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RamtinVaziri
28 posts
#15 • 2 Y
Y by sotpidot, Miku_
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by RamtinVaziri, Mar 30, 2021, 12:46 PM
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L567
1184 posts
#16
Y by
Wait why are the previous solns so complex?

Let $N$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and let $X,Y$ be the altitudes to $AC,AB$

$N$ is the center of $(AXHY)$ and also its well known that $DX,DY$ are tangent to this circle. So, $DN$ intersects the circle at the midpoints of the minor and major arcs $XY$. But since in $\triangle AXY$, $AE$ is angle bisector, it passes through the midpoint of the minor arc and we easily see that $F$ is the midpoint of major arc and so we're done
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guptaamitu1
658 posts
#17
Y by
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Can someone please tell how to prove this generalization.
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ike.chen
1162 posts
#18
Y by
Old Terrible Solution

Since $AEHF$ is a rectangle, we know $EF$ meets $AH$ at its midpoint $M$. It's well-known that $DM \parallel AO$. Because $E, M, F$ are collinear, it suffices to show $E \in DM$.

Clearly, $M$ is the circumcenter of $(AEHF)$, and $AH$ and $AO$ are isogonal wrt $\angle BAC$. Hence, we have $$\angle OAE = \angle HAE = \angle MAE = \angle MEA$$implying $EM \parallel AO$, which suffices. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by ike.chen, Oct 29, 2021, 8:47 PM
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MrOreoJuice
594 posts
#19
Y by
Wew
Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and $H_B,H_C$ be the feet of perpendicular from $B,C$ onto the opposite sides respectively.
  • $A,F,H_C,H,E,H_B$ lies on the circle with diameter $AH$.
  • Note that $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $H_BH_C$ so $F,M,E$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $H_BH_C$.
  • $DM$ is also perpendicular to $H_BH_C$ which is the radical axis of $\{(AH_BH_C) , (BH_CH_BC)\}$.
Combining all of them we get $F-M-E-D$ are collinear.
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Ru83n05
171 posts
#21 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Invert at $A$ sending $H$ to $AH\cap BC$. Since the $A$-Humpty point lies on the $A$--apolonius circle we're done.
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BVKRB-
322 posts
#22
Y by
Storage
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554183
484 posts
#23
Y by
Let $I$ be the midpoint of AH. Diagram attached for reference
Introduce the nine point circle. Notice that $\overline{F-I-E}$ by a basic property of rectangles. So this is equivalent to proving $\overline{I-E-D}$.
Unfortunately this dies to simple angle chasing, if I’m not high.
We shall prove that $\angle{EIH}=\angle{DIH}$.$\angle{EIH}=2\angle{IAE}$ because $I$ is the midpoint of the hypotenuse. Therefore $\angle{EIH}=A+2B-180=B-C$. Now to calculate $\angle{DIG}=\angle{DLG}=\angle{DLB}-\angle{GLB}=B-C$ since $D$ is the midpoint of he hypotenuse of another right angled triangle.
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Fakesolver19
106 posts
#24
Y by
Cute but easy problem :maybe:
Let $AH \cap FE=K$ and as diagonals bisect each other $\Rightarrow K$ is the mid-point of $AH$
Let $X,Y$ be the foot of altitudes on $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
Then $X,Y \in \odot(AEHF)$ with $K$ as the circumcentre.
Constructing a nine point circle of $\triangle ABC$,we see that $XY$ is the radical axis of $\odot(AEHF)$ and $\odot(DXY)$
It's also well know that $DX$ and $DY$ are tangents of $\odot(AEHF)$ at $X$ and $Y$.
This is enough to imply $D$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $XY$ and so does $E$ because $AE$ is the angle bisector of $\triangle AXY$.
Also $K$ lies on the perpendicular bisector and hence $K-E-D$ is collinear implying $F-E-D$ collinear.
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sanyalarnab
947 posts
#25
Y by
Let the foot of altitude from $B$ and $C$ be $H_B$ AND $H_C$.
By Three Tangent lemma, $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangent to $(AH_CHH_B)$. So $DH_B=DH_C$
Also $AE$ bisects $\angle BAC$. Hence by Incenter Excenter lemma, $E$ is the Mid-point of the minor arc $H_BH_C$. So $H_BE=H_CE$. As $\angle FH_BE=\angle FH_CE=90^o$, by congruent triangles, $FH_B=FH_C$. Hence $(FH_CEH_B)$ is harmonic and the result immediately follows. $\blacksquare$
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Bubu-Droid
10 posts
#26 • 1 Y
Y by REYNA_MAIN
Storaij
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Reason: sepling wrong
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gambi
82 posts
#27
Y by
Storage
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TFIRSTMGMEDALIST
162 posts
#28
Y by
gambi wrote:
Storage

beautiful
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Jalil_Huseynov
439 posts
#29 • 2 Y
Y by farhad.fritl, Mango247
It's almost $1$ linear with projective, why anyone didn't try to this?
Let $\omega$ and $\Gamma$ be be circumcircles of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle AHE$, respectively. Let $AE\cap \omega=T, TD\cap \omega= T', BH\cap AC=B', CH\cap AB=C'$. Since $\angle FAE=\angle T'AE=90$, $F-A-T'$ are collinear. Since $BTCT'$ is kite, $(B,C;T,T')=-1$ and projecting this to $\Gamma$ with pencil $A$, we get $(F,E;B',C')=-1$. Since $DB'$ and $DC'$ are tangents to $\omega$, we get $E-F-D$ are collinear.
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jayme
9801 posts
#30 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Dear Mathlinkers,
this nice problem comes from Droz-Farny...

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=481340

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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Pyramix
419 posts
#31
Y by
Let $M$ be the mid-point of $\overline{AH}$. Since $\angle AE\perp HE$, $\overline{AH}$ is the diameter of $(AEHF)$. So, $M$ is the center of $(AEHF)$. So, $E,M,F$ are collinear.
Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of perpendiculars of $B$ and $C$ onto their opposite sides, respectively. Then, we $A,B_1,H,C_1$ are concyclic, so $B_1,C_1\in(AEHF)$. Let $t$ be the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{B_1C_1}$. Then, $M,D\in t$.
Moreover, $\angle EAC=\angle BAE=\angle EAB_1{\stackrel{B_1\in(AEC_1)}{=}}\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1AE{\stackrel{C_1\in(AEB_1)}{=}}\angle C_1B_1E$. So, $\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1B_1E$, giving $\triangle B_1EC_1$ is isosceles triangle. So, $E\in t$. But since $M\in t$ and $M\in\overline{EF}$, it means $F,M,E,D\in t$, as desired. $\square$
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trinhquockhanh
522 posts
#32 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
$\text{It's not that complicated :)}$
https://i.ibb.co/VxphBFk/lmao.png
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by trinhquockhanh, Jul 15, 2023, 11:57 AM
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AN1729
17 posts
#33 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Here's a soln using Nine-Point Circle Configuration!!


Let the midpoint of $AH = X$ , the midpoint of $OH = N =$ nine-point center
Then we know $DX$ is a diameter of Nine point circle. So $D-N-X$ are collinear


$AEHF$ is rectangle $\implies$ $EF$ bisect $AH\implies X \in EF$


By isogonal conjugates, and angle chasing: $AO \parallel EF$
By midpoint theorem: $EF$ bisects $OH \implies N \in EF$


$\implies D \in EF$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by AN1729, Nov 25, 2024, 4:35 PM
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a_n
162 posts
#34 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $XYZ$ be the orthic triangle of $\Delta ABC$

Clearly $E$ and $F$ are on $(AYHZ)$

I know because of EGMO that $DZ$ and $DY$ are tangents to aforementioned circle. (proving is pretty simple if you know your configs, $\astrosun (BZYC) = D$ so you get $\angle YDZ=2\angle YBD= \pi - 2A$ and because $DZ=DY$ we get $\angle DZY = A = \angle ZAY$)

Then $\angle ZAE = \angle YAE$ so $E$ is arc midpoint of $YZ$ and as $F$ is antipode of $E$, it is also an arc midpoint of $YZ$,

hence, $EF$ and the tangents ay $Y$ and $Z$ concur...

really fun problem to do at 4:30 in the morning, life is good : )
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SQTHUSH
154 posts
#35 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $AH \cap \odot(ABC)=S,AE\cap \odot(ABC)=T,R$ is the reflection of $T$ by $BC$
Notice $\angle HRT=\angle STR=180^{\circ}-\angle HST=\angle AHR$
Which means that $H-E-R$
So $\angle TER=90^{\circ},RD=DT$
Hence $DE=DT$
Consider that $RT//AH,FH//ET$
So $\angle FHA=\angle ETD$
Since $\angle FHA=\angle AEF$,and $ED=DT$
Hence $\angle AEF=\angle TED$
Which means that $D-E-F$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by SQTHUSH, Jul 22, 2023, 2:14 AM
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SydoreM
17 posts
#36 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Since NBWC is harmonic, we project it through A onto (AH) and get that EF and the bases of heights form a harmonic. Hence EF bisects BC.
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IAmTheHazard
5005 posts
#37
Y by
where is $O$ used huh

Let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{AH}$. It clearly suffices to show that $M,E,D$ collinear. Let $P,Q$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$ respectively, so $AEHPQ$ is cyclic with center $M$, so $PM=QM$. Since $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $PQ$ in $(AEHPQ)$, we have $PE=QE$. Since $BCPQ$ is cyclic with center $D$, we have $PD=QD$. Hence $M,E,D$ lie on the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{PQ}$. $\blacksquare$
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lifeismathematics
1188 posts
#38 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
Let $X$ be the midpoint of $AH$ , then sps $\angle{HXE}=\theta$ since $FE$ and $AH$ are length of diagonals and $H$ is there midpoint we have $\angle{XEH}=90^{\circ}-\frac{\theta}{2}$ , so $\angle{XEA}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $AFHE$ is a rectangle , so $\angle{XAE}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $XA=AE$, also $\frac{\theta}{2}=\frac{B-C}{2}$ which means $\theta=B-C$.

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Claim:}} \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Pf:}}$ clearly $X$ lies on nine point circle of $\triangle{ABC}$ , so it is well known that $XD|| AO$ , so $\angle{HXD}=\angle{HAO}=B-C \implies \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$ $\square$.

which means $\overline{X-E-D}$ but also since $AFHE$ is a rectangle so $\overline{F-X-E} \implies \overline{F-E-D}$. $\blacksquare$
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DomX
8 posts
#39 • 1 Y
Y by Vahe_Arsenyan
Take the circumference of diameter $AH$. Now by taking $H_B$, $H_C$ as the feet of the altitudes through $B$ and $C$ respectively, we get that $E$ and $F$ are in its perpendicular bisector. As it is well-known that $D$ also is in it (which follows from the fact that $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangents to the said circumference), we're done.
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cursed_tangent1434
651 posts
#40
Y by
This is actually quite a nice complex bash.

We set $(AH)$ be the unit circle. Let $P_B,P_C$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$. Then, we set $a=x^2,p_b=y^2$ and $p_c=z^2$. It follows that $h=-x^2$.

Then, $E$ is clearly the minor arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ which means $e=-yz$. Thus, $f=yz$ ($F$ is the reflection of $E$ over the center as we construct $F$ such that $AFHE$ is a rectangle). Then, $D$ is well known to be the intersection of the tangents to $(AH)$ at $P_B$ and $P_C$.
Thus, $d=\frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}$. Then,
\begin{align*}
\frac{d-e}{f-e} &= \frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Also,
\[\overline{\left(\frac{d-e}{f-e}\right)} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}\]Now, note that since $yz$ (which is known to be the complex number denoting the arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ including $A$), $y^2$ and $z^2$ all lie on the unit circle,
\begin{align*}
\overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)} &= \frac{\frac{1}{yz}}{\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}\\
&= \frac{1}{yz} \cdot \frac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Thus, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}$ which implies that, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} \in \mathbb{R}$ and thus, $D-E-F$ as needed.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by cursed_tangent1434, Dec 14, 2023, 11:00 AM
Reason: errors
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Om245
164 posts
#41 • 2 Y
Y by Deadline, GeoKing
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :

Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Nice :play_ball:

Let $D$ be point of perpendicular bisector of $BC$ and $P$ its isogonal conjugate. Let $\triangle XYZ$ be Pedal triangle of $P$ with $X,Y,Z$ lie on $AC,AB,BC$ respectively.
$$\measuredangle {CBD}=\measuredangle{PBA}=\measuredangle {PZY}= \measuredangle {DCB}=\measuredangle{ACP}=\measuredangle {XZP}$$give us $ZP$ is angle bisector of $\angle XZY$.

As $D$ and $P$ are isogonal conjugate, By well know property circumcircle of pedal triangle of both point is same
hence $M$ lie on $(XYZ)$. Where $M$ is midpoint of $BC$.

Observe that $MX=MY$ (by considering $ZP$ as angle bisector). Hence $M$ lie on perpendicular bisector of $XY$.
Now as $AE$ and $AF$ are angle bisector we have $EF$ is perpendicular bisector of $XY$.hence $E,F,M$.
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g0USinsane777
48 posts
#42
Y by
Let $S$ and $T$ be the feet of perpendiculars from $B$ and $C$ to the sides $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
$(AFTHES)$ is cyclic with diameter $AH$ and $AH$ and $EF$ intersect at the midpoint of $AH$, i.e., the center of the circle, since $AHEF$ is rectangle. Since, $EF$ is a line passing through the center of the cirlce $(ASHT)$ and it is also parallel to $AO$, which is in turn perpendicular to $ST$, line $EF$ is actually the perpendicular bisector of $ST$. It is also well known, that $DS$ and $DT$ are tangents to $(ASHT)$, implying $D$ also lies on the perpendicular bisector of $ST$, yielding the collinearity.
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eibc
600 posts
#43
Y by
Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of the $B$ and $C$ altitudes in $\triangle ABC$. Since $\overline{EF}$ is a diameter of $(AH)$ and $EB_1 = EC_1$, we have $(B_1, C_1; E, F) = -1$. Since the tangents to $(AH)$ at $B_1$ and $C_1$ intersect at $D$ by three tangents lemma, $EF$ must also pass through $D$.
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L13832
268 posts
#44
Y by
cute
solution
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