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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

Are you interested in working towards MATHCOUNTS and don’t know where to start? We have you covered! If you have taken Prealgebra, then you are ready for MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Basics. Already aiming for State or National MATHCOUNTS and harder AMC 8 problems? Then our MATHCOUNTS/AMC 8 Advanced course is for you.

Summer camps are starting next month at the Virtual Campus in math and language arts that are 2 - to 4 - weeks in duration. Spaces are still available - don’t miss your chance to have an enriching summer experience. There are middle and high school competition math camps as well as Math Beasts camps that review key topics coupled with fun explorations covering areas such as graph theory (Math Beasts Camp 6), cryptography (Math Beasts Camp 7-8), and topology (Math Beasts Camp 8-9)!

Be sure to mark your calendars for the following upcoming events:
[list][*]May 9th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, Casework 2: Overwhelming Evidence — A Text Adventure, a game where participants will work together to navigate the map, solve puzzles, and win! All are welcome.
[*]May 19th, 4:30pm PT/7:30pm ET, What's Next After Beast Academy?, designed for students finishing Beast Academy and ready for Prealgebra 1.
[*]May 20th, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 1 Math Jam, Problems 1 to 4, join the Canada/USA Mathcamp staff for this exciting Math Jam, where they discuss solutions to Problems 1 to 4 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz!
[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
Our full course list for upcoming classes is below:
All classes run 7:30pm-8:45pm ET/4:30pm - 5:45pm PT unless otherwise noted.

Introductory: Grades 5-10

Prealgebra 1 Self-Paced

Prealgebra 1
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MathWOOT Level 1
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Peer-to-Peer Programs Forum
jwelsh   157
N Dec 11, 2023 by cw357
Many of our AoPS Community members share their knowledge with their peers in a variety of ways, ranging from creating mock contests to creating real contests to writing handouts to hosting sessions as part of our partnership with schoolhouse.world.

To facilitate students in these efforts, we have created a new Peer-to-Peer Programs forum. With the creation of this forum, we are starting a new process for those of you who want to advertise your efforts. These advertisements and ensuing discussions have been cluttering up some of the forums that were meant for other purposes, so we’re gathering these topics in one place. This also allows students to find new peer-to-peer learning opportunities without having to poke around all the other forums.

To announce your program, or to invite others to work with you on it, here’s what to do:

1) Post a new topic in the Peer-to-Peer Programs forum. This will be the discussion thread for your program.

2) Post a single brief post in this thread that links the discussion thread of your program in the Peer-to-Peer Programs forum.

Please note that we’ll move or delete any future advertisement posts that are outside the Peer-to-Peer Programs forum, as well as any posts in this topic that are not brief announcements of new opportunities. In particular, this topic should not be used to discuss specific programs; those discussions should occur in topics in the Peer-to-Peer Programs forum.

Your post in this thread should have what you're sharing (class, session, tutoring, handout, math or coding game/other program) and a link to the thread in the Peer-to-Peer Programs forum, which should have more information (like where to find what you're sharing).
157 replies
jwelsh
Mar 15, 2021
cw357
Dec 11, 2023
k i C&P posting recs by mods
v_Enhance   0
Jun 12, 2020
The purpose of this post is to lay out a few suggestions about what kind of posts work well for the C&P forum. Except in a few cases these are mostly meant to be "suggestions based on historical trends" rather than firm hard rules; we may eventually replace this with an actual list of firm rules but that requires admin approval :) That said, if you post something in the "discouraged" category, you should not be totally surprised if it gets locked; they are discouraged exactly because past experience shows they tend to go badly.
-----------------------------
1. Program discussion: Allowed
If you have questions about specific camps or programs (e.g. which classes are good at X camp?), these questions fit well here. Many camps/programs have specific sub-forums too but we understand a lot of them are not active.
-----------------------------
2. Results discussion: Allowed
You can make threads about e.g. how you did on contests (including AMC), though on AMC day when there is a lot of discussion. Moderators and administrators may do a lot of thread-merging / forum-wrangling to keep things in one place.
-----------------------------
3. Reposting solutions or questions to past AMC/AIME/USAMO problems: Allowed
This forum contains a post for nearly every problem from AMC8, AMC10, AMC12, AIME, USAJMO, USAMO (and these links give you an index of all these posts). It is always permitted to post a full solution to any problem in its own thread (linked above), regardless of how old the problem is, and even if this solution is similar to one that has already been posted. We encourage this type of posting because it is helpful for the user to explain their solution in full to an audience, and for future users who want to see multiple approaches to a problem or even just the frequency distribution of common approaches. We do ask for some explanation; if you just post "the answer is (B); ez" then you are not adding anything useful.

You are also encouraged to post questions about a specific problem in the specific thread for that problem, or about previous user's solutions. It's almost always better to use the existing thread than to start a new one, to keep all the discussion in one place easily searchable for future visitors.
-----------------------------
4. Advice posts: Allowed, but read below first
You can use this forum to ask for advice about how to prepare for math competitions in general. But you should be aware that this question has been asked many many times. Before making a post, you are encouraged to look at the following:
[list]
[*] Stop looking for the right training: A generic post about advice that keeps getting stickied :)
[*] There is an enormous list of links on the Wiki of books / problems / etc for all levels.
[/list]
When you do post, we really encourage you to be as specific as possible in your question. Tell us about your background, what you've tried already, etc.

Actually, the absolute best way to get a helpful response is to take a few examples of problems that you tried to solve but couldn't, and explain what you tried on them / why you couldn't solve them. Here is a great example of a specific question.
-----------------------------
5. Publicity: use P2P forum instead
See https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c5h2489297_peertopeer_programs_forum.
Some exceptions have been allowed in the past, but these require approval from administrators. (I am not totally sure what the criteria is. I am not an administrator.)
-----------------------------
6. Mock contests: use Mock Contests forum instead
Mock contests should be posted in the dedicated forum instead:
https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c594864_aops_mock_contests
-----------------------------
7. AMC procedural questions: suggest to contact the AMC HQ instead
If you have a question like "how do I submit a change of venue form for the AIME" or "why is my name not on the qualifiers list even though I have a 300 index", you would be better off calling or emailing the AMC program to ask, they are the ones who can help you :)
-----------------------------
8. Discussion of random math problems: suggest to use MSM/HSM/HSO instead
If you are discussing a specific math problem that isn't from the AMC/AIME/USAMO, it's better to post these in Middle School Math, High School Math, High School Olympiads instead.
-----------------------------
9. Politics: suggest to use Round Table instead
There are important conversations to be had about things like gender diversity in math contests, etc., for sure. However, from experience we think that C&P is historically not a good place to have these conversations, as they go off the rails very quickly. We encourage you to use the Round Table instead, where it is much more clear that all posts need to be serious.
-----------------------------
10. MAA complaints: discouraged
We don't want to pretend that the MAA is perfect or that we agree with everything they do. However, we chose to discourage this sort of behavior because in practice most of the comments we see are not useful and some are frankly offensive.
[list] [*] If you just want to blow off steam, do it on your blog instead.
[*] When you have criticism, it should be reasoned, well-thought and constructive. What we mean by this is, for example, when the AOIME was announced, there was great outrage about potential cheating. Well, do you really think that this is something the organizers didn't think about too? Simply posting that "people will cheat and steal my USAMOO qualification, the MAA are idiots!" is not helpful as it is not bringing any new information to the table.
[*] Even if you do have reasoned, well-thought, constructive criticism, we think it is actually better to email it the MAA instead, rather than post it here. Experience shows that even polite, well-meaning suggestions posted in C&P are often derailed by less mature users who insist on complaining about everything.
[/list]
-----------------------------
11. Memes and joke posts: discouraged
It's fine to make jokes or lighthearted posts every so often. But it should be done with discretion. Ideally, jokes should be done within a longer post that has other content. For example, in my response to one user's question about olympiad combinatorics, I used a silly picture of Sogiita Gunha, but it was done within a context of a much longer post where it was meant to actually make a point.

On the other hand, there are many threads which consist largely of posts whose only content is an attached meme with the word "MAA" in it. When done in excess like this, the jokes reflect poorly on the community, so we explicitly discourage them.
-----------------------------
12. Questions that no one can answer: discouraged
Examples of this: "will MIT ask for AOIME scores?", "what will the AIME 2021 cutoffs be (asked in 2020)", etc. Basically, if you ask a question on this forum, it's better if the question is something that a user can plausibly answer :)
-----------------------------
13. Blind speculation: discouraged
Along these lines, if you do see a question that you don't have an answer to, we discourage "blindly guessing" as it leads to spreading of baseless rumors. For example, if you see some user posting "why are there fewer qualifiers than usual this year?", you should not reply "the MAA must have been worried about online cheating so they took fewer people!!". Was sich überhaupt sagen lässt, lässt sich klar sagen; und wovon man nicht reden kann, darüber muss man schweigen.
-----------------------------
14. Discussion of cheating: strongly discouraged
If you have evidence or reasonable suspicion of cheating, please report this to your Competition Manager or to the AMC HQ; these forums cannot help you.
Otherwise, please avoid public discussion of cheating. That is: no discussion of methods of cheating, no speculation about how cheating affects cutoffs, and so on --- it is not helpful to anyone, and it creates a sour atmosphere. A longer explanation is given in Seriously, please stop discussing how to cheat.
-----------------------------
15. Cutoff jokes: never allowed
Whenever the cutoffs for any major contest are released, it is very obvious when they are official. In the past, this has been achieved by the numbers being posted on the official AMC website (here) or through a post from the AMCDirector account.

You must never post fake cutoffs, even as a joke. You should also refrain from posting cutoffs that you've heard of via email, etc., because it is better to wait for the obvious official announcement. A longer explanation is given in A Treatise on Cutoff Trolling.
-----------------------------
16. Meanness: never allowed
Being mean is worse than being immature and unproductive. If another user does something which you think is inappropriate, use the Report button to bring the post to moderator attention, or if you really must reply, do so in a way that is tactful and constructive rather than inflammatory.
-----------------------------

Finally, we remind you all to sit back and enjoy the problems. :D

-----------------------------
(EDIT 2024-09-13: AoPS has asked to me to add the following item.)

Advertising paid program or service: never allowed

Per the AoPS Terms of Service (rule 5h), general advertisements are not allowed.

While we do allow advertisements of official contests (at the MAA and MATHCOUNTS level) and those run by college students with at least one successful year, any and all advertisements of a paid service or program is not allowed and will be deleted.
0 replies
1 viewing
v_Enhance
Jun 12, 2020
0 replies
k i Stop looking for the "right" training
v_Enhance   50
N Oct 16, 2017 by blawho12
Source: Contest advice
EDIT 2019-02-01: https://blog.evanchen.cc/2019/01/31/math-contest-platitudes-v3/ is the updated version of this.

EDIT 2021-06-09: see also https://web.evanchen.cc/faq-contest.html.

Original 2013 post
50 replies
v_Enhance
Feb 15, 2013
blawho12
Oct 16, 2017
abc = 1 Inequality generalisation
CHESSR1DER   0
8 minutes ago
Source: Own
Let $a,b,c > 0$, $abc=1$.
Find min $ \frac{1}{a^m(bx+cy)^n} + \frac{1}{b^m(cx+ay)^n} + \frac{1}{c^m(cx+ay)^n}$.
$1)$ $m,n,x,y$ are positive integers.
$2)$ $m,n,x,y$ are positive real numbers.
0 replies
CHESSR1DER
8 minutes ago
0 replies
Fond all functions in M with a) f(1)=5/2, b) f(1)=√3
Amir Hossein   3
N 9 minutes ago by jasperE3
Source: IMO LongList 1982 - P34
Let $M$ be the set of all functions $f$ with the following properties:

(i) $f$ is defined for all real numbers and takes only real values.

(ii) For all $x, y \in \mathbb R$ the following equality holds: $f(x)f(y) = f(x + y) + f(x - y).$

(iii) $f(0) \neq 0.$

Determine all functions $f \in M$ such that

(a) $f(1)=\frac 52$,

(b) $f(1)= \sqrt 3$.
3 replies
Amir Hossein
Mar 18, 2011
jasperE3
9 minutes ago
help me please
thuanz123   6
N 10 minutes ago by pavel kozlov
find all $a,b \in \mathbb{Z}$ such that:
a) $3a^2-2b^2=1$
b) $a^2-6b^2=1$
6 replies
thuanz123
Jan 17, 2016
pavel kozlov
10 minutes ago
Problem 5 (Second Day)
darij grinberg   78
N 10 minutes ago by cj13609517288
Source: IMO 2004 Athens
In a convex quadrilateral $ABCD$, the diagonal $BD$ bisects neither the angle $ABC$ nor the angle $CDA$. The point $P$ lies inside $ABCD$ and satisfies \[\angle PBC=\angle DBA\quad\text{and}\quad \angle PDC=\angle BDA.\] Prove that $ABCD$ is a cyclic quadrilateral if and only if $AP=CP$.
78 replies
darij grinberg
Jul 13, 2004
cj13609517288
10 minutes ago
Stanford Math Tournament (SMT) 2025
stanford-math-tournament   4
N Today at 5:37 AM by techb
[center] :trampoline: :first: Stanford Math Tournament :first: :trampoline: [/center]

----------------------------------------------------------

[center]IMAGE[/center]

We are excited to announce that registration is now open for Stanford Math Tournament (SMT) 2025!

This year, we will welcome 800 competitors from across the nation to participate in person on Stanford’s campus. The tournament will be held April 11-12, 2025, and registration is open to all high-school students from the United States. This year, we are extending registration to high school teams (strongly preferred), established local mathematical organizations, and individuals; please refer to our website for specific policies. Whether you’re an experienced math wizard, a puzzle hunt enthusiast, or someone looking to meet new friends, SMT has something to offer everyone!

Register here today! We’ll be accepting applications until March 2, 2025.

For those unable to travel, in middle school, or not from the United States, we encourage you to instead register for SMT 2025 Online, which will be held on April 13, 2025. Registration for SMT 2025 Online will open mid-February.

For more information visit our website! Please email us at stanford.math.tournament@gmail.com with any questions or reply to this thread below. We can’t wait to meet you all in April!

4 replies
stanford-math-tournament
Feb 1, 2025
techb
Today at 5:37 AM
Alcumus vs books
UnbeatableJJ   5
N Today at 2:41 AM by Andyluo
If I am aiming for AIME, then JMO afterwards, is Alcumus adequate, or I still need to do the problems on AoPS books?

I got AMC 23 this year, and never took amc 10 before. If I master the alcumus of intermediate algebra (making all of the bars blue). How likely I can qualify for AIME 2026?
5 replies
UnbeatableJJ
Apr 23, 2025
Andyluo
Today at 2:41 AM
9 JMO<200?
DreamineYT   6
N Yesterday at 5:29 PM by lovematch13
Just wanted to ask
6 replies
DreamineYT
May 10, 2025
lovematch13
Yesterday at 5:29 PM
camp/class recommendations for incoming freshman
walterboro   8
N Tuesday at 10:45 PM by lu1376091
hi guys, i'm about to be an incoming freshman, does anyone have recommendations for classes to take next year and camps this summer? i am sure that i can aime qual but not jmo qual yet. ty
8 replies
walterboro
May 10, 2025
lu1376091
Tuesday at 10:45 PM
Cyclic Quad
worthawholebean   130
N Tuesday at 9:53 PM by Mathandski
Source: USAMO 2008 Problem 2
Let $ ABC$ be an acute, scalene triangle, and let $ M$, $ N$, and $ P$ be the midpoints of $ \overline{BC}$, $ \overline{CA}$, and $ \overline{AB}$, respectively. Let the perpendicular bisectors of $ \overline{AB}$ and $ \overline{AC}$ intersect ray $ AM$ in points $ D$ and $ E$ respectively, and let lines $ BD$ and $ CE$ intersect in point $ F$, inside of triangle $ ABC$. Prove that points $ A$, $ N$, $ F$, and $ P$ all lie on one circle.
130 replies
worthawholebean
May 1, 2008
Mathandski
Tuesday at 9:53 PM
Circle in a Parallelogram
djmathman   55
N May 13, 2025 by Ilikeminecraft
Source: 2022 AIME I #11
Let $ABCD$ be a parallelogram with $\angle BAD < 90^{\circ}$. A circle tangent to sides $\overline{DA}$, $\overline{AB}$, and $\overline{BC}$ intersects diagonal $\overline{AC}$ at points $P$ and $Q$ with $AP < AQ$, as shown. Suppose that $AP = 3$, $PQ = 9$, and $QC = 16$. Then the area of $ABCD$ can be expressed in the form $m\sqrt n$, where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers, and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m+n$.

IMAGE
55 replies
djmathman
Feb 9, 2022
Ilikeminecraft
May 13, 2025
[Signups Now!] - Inaugural Academy Math Tournament
elements2015   1
N May 13, 2025 by Ruegerbyrd
Hello!

Pace Academy, from Atlanta, Georgia, is thrilled to host our Inaugural Academy Math Tournament online through Saturday, May 31.

AOPS students are welcome to participate online, as teams or as individuals (results will be reported separately for AOPS and Georgia competitors). The difficulty of the competition ranges from early AMC to mid-late AIME, and is 2 hours long with multiple sections. The format is explained in more detail below. If you just want to sign up, here's the link:

https://forms.gle/ih548axqQ9qLz3pk7

If participating as a team, each competitor must sign up individually and coordinate team names!

Detailed information below:

Divisions & Teams
[list]
[*] Junior Varsity: Students in 10th grade or below who are enrolled in Algebra 2 or below.
[*] Varsity: All other students.
[*] Teams of up to four students compete together in the same division.
[list]
[*] (If you have two JV‑eligible and two Varsity‑eligible students, you may enter either two teams of two or one four‑student team in Varsity.)
[*] You may enter multiple teams from your school in either division.
[*] Teams need not compete at the same time. Each individual will complete the test alone, and team scores will be the sum of individual scores.
[/list]
[/list]
Competition Format
Both sections—Sprint and Challenge—will be administered consecutively in a single, individually completed 120-minute test. Students may allocate time between the sections however they wish to.

[list=1]
[*] Sprint Section
[list]
[*] 25 multiple‑choice questions (five choices each)
[*] recommended 2 minutes per question
[*] 6 points per correct answer; no penalty for guessing
[/list]

[*] Challenge Section
[list]
[*] 18 open‑ended questions
[*] answers are integers between 1 and 10,000
[*] recommended 3 or 4 minutes per question
[*] 8 points each
[/list]
[/list]
You may use blank scratch/graph paper, rulers, compasses, protractors, and erasers. No calculators are allowed on this examination.

Awards & Scoring
[list]
[*] There are no cash prizes.
[*] Team Awards: Based on the sum of individual scores (four‑student teams have the advantage). Top 8 teams in each division will be recognized.
[*] Individual Awards: Top 8 individuals in each division, determined by combined Sprint + Challenge scores, will receive recognition.
[/list]
How to Sign Up
Please have EACH STUDENT INDIVIDUALLY reserve a 120-minute window for your team's online test in THIS GOOGLE FORM:
https://forms.gle/ih548axqQ9qLz3pk7
EACH STUDENT MUST REPLY INDIVIDUALLY TO THE GOOGLE FORM.
You may select any slot from now through May 31, weekdays or weekends. You will receive an email with the questions and a form for answers at the time you receive the competition. There will be a 15-minute grace period for entering answers after the competition.
1 reply
elements2015
May 12, 2025
Ruegerbyrd
May 13, 2025
Circle Incident
MSTang   39
N May 13, 2025 by Ilikeminecraft
Source: 2016 AIME I #15
Circles $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ intersect at points $X$ and $Y$. Line $\ell$ is tangent to $\omega_1$ and $\omega_2$ at $A$ and $B$, respectively, with line $AB$ closer to point $X$ than to $Y$. Circle $\omega$ passes through $A$ and $B$ intersecting $\omega_1$ again at $D \neq A$ and intersecting $\omega_2$ again at $C \neq B$. The three points $C$, $Y$, $D$ are collinear, $XC = 67$, $XY = 47$, and $XD = 37$. Find $AB^2$.
39 replies
MSTang
Mar 4, 2016
Ilikeminecraft
May 13, 2025
Lots of Cyclic Quads
Vfire   104
N May 13, 2025 by Ilikeminecraft
Source: 2018 USAMO #5
In convex cyclic quadrilateral $ABCD$, we know that lines $AC$ and $BD$ intersect at $E$, lines $AB$ and $CD$ intersect at $F$, and lines $BC$ and $DA$ intersect at $G$. Suppose that the circumcircle of $\triangle ABE$ intersects line $CB$ at $B$ and $P$, and the circumcircle of $\triangle ADE$ intersects line $CD$ at $D$ and $Q$, where $C,B,P,G$ and $C,Q,D,F$ are collinear in that order. Prove that if lines $FP$ and $GQ$ intersect at $M$, then $\angle MAC = 90^\circ$.

Proposed by Kada Williams
104 replies
Vfire
Apr 19, 2018
Ilikeminecraft
May 13, 2025
Evan's mean blackboard game
hwl0304   72
N May 13, 2025 by HamstPan38825
Source: 2019 USAMO Problem 5, 2019 USAJMO Problem 6
Two rational numbers \(\tfrac{m}{n}\) and \(\tfrac{n}{m}\) are written on a blackboard, where \(m\) and \(n\) are relatively prime positive integers. At any point, Evan may pick two of the numbers \(x\) and \(y\) written on the board and write either their arithmetic mean \(\tfrac{x+y}{2}\) or their harmonic mean \(\tfrac{2xy}{x+y}\) on the board as well. Find all pairs \((m,n)\) such that Evan can write 1 on the board in finitely many steps.

Proposed by Yannick Yao
72 replies
hwl0304
Apr 18, 2019
HamstPan38825
May 13, 2025
Easy Geometry
ayan.nmath   41
N Apr 30, 2025 by L13832
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
41 replies
ayan.nmath
Jul 17, 2019
L13832
Apr 30, 2025
Easy Geometry
G H J
Source: Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1
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ayan.nmath
643 posts
#1 • 8 Y
Y by donotoven, HWenslawski, Miku_, TFIRSTMGMEDALIST, maolus, tiendung2006, Adventure10, Rounak_iitr
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by ayan.nmath, Jul 17, 2019, 1:03 PM
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Pluto1708
1107 posts
#2 • 5 Y
Y by nguyendangkhoa17112003, GeoMetrix, HWenslawski, Mathlover_1, Adventure10
Beautiful Problem!
Solution
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Bashy99
698 posts
#3 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
My solution.
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10, Mango247
Well-known problem embedded WRT $\Delta AH_BH_C$
India Practice TST 2019 #2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
Solution: Let $H_B,H_C$ be foot from $B,C$. Note, $\odot (AEHF)$ $\equiv$ $\odot (AH_BH_C)$ $\implies$ $AF$ is exterior bisector WRT $\angle BAC$, $E$ is midpoint of arc $H_BHH_C$ and $D$ is intersection of tangents at $H_B,H_C$ $\implies$ $D,E,F$ collinear
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Jul 21, 2019, 1:34 PM
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AlastorMoody
2125 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Kill a Fly with Bazooka
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Reason: Wrong Grammar...Blame My English Teacher
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L-.Lawliet
19 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by o_i-SNAKE-i_o, Adventure10
Do an inversion around $A$ with radius $\sqrt{AH.AX}$ where $X$ is the foot of perpendicular of the $A$ on $BC$. Then $$E \mapsto AE \cap BC, F \mapsto AF \cap BC$$and $D \mapsto (AD) \cap \odot(BHC)$ which is the $A-$HM point in $\triangle ABC$. But they lie on the A-apollonious circle. So done.
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Steve12345
620 posts
#7 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Why so complicated? This is from Bosnia and Herzegovina: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c6h1709471p11016808
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amar_04
1916 posts
#8 • 5 Y
Y by GeoMetrix, Purple_Planet, Pakistan, Miku_, Adventure10
Too Easy for a TST Problem but nice...
Indian TST Practise Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Solution:- Let $M$ be the intersection of the diagonals $AH$ and $FE$. Let $X,Y,Z$ be the feet of altitudes from $A,B,C$ respectively and let $FE\cap ZY=K$.
Notice that $FE\perp ZY$ as $\angle KEZ+\angle KZE=\angle FAZ+\angle ZAE=90^\circ\implies FE\perp ZY$.

Now by Radical Axis on $\odot(AZHY)$ and $\odot(BZYC)$ we get that $MD\perp ZY$. This forces $D-E-F$. $\blacksquare$.
This post has been edited 7 times. Last edited by amar_04, Nov 1, 2019, 9:15 PM
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lilavati_2005
357 posts
#10 • 3 Y
Y by RudraRockstar, Lcz, Miku_
Easy and nice.
Indian TST 2019 Practice Test 2 P1 wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.

Let the feet of the altitudes from $A,B,C$ to sides $BC,CA,AB$ be $P,Q,R$ respectively.
  • $\angle AFH = \angle AQH = 90 \Longrightarrow A,F,P,E,Q$ are concyclic with diameter $EF = AH$.
  • By Fact 5, $EP = EQ \Longrightarrow FP = FQ$ which implies that $EP \perp PQ$.
  • Thus, $EE\parallel PQ \parallel FF \Longrightarrow FPEQ$ is harmonic.
  • Hence, $E,F,D$ are collinear.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by lilavati_2005, Apr 5, 2020, 2:43 AM
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gabrupro
249 posts
#11
Y by
$        $
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Maths_1729
390 posts
#12
Y by
ayan.nmath wrote:
Let the points $O$ and $H$ be the circumcenter and orthocenter of an acute angled triangle $ABC.$ Let $D$ be the midpoint of $BC.$ Let $E$ be the point on the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ such that $AE\perp HE.$ Let $F$ be the point such that $AEHF$ is a rectangle. Prove that $D,E,F$ are collinear.
As the title suggests its really easy.. Anyways i will post my solution then also.
Let $H_A, H_B, H_C$ be the Base of altitude from $A, B, C$ Respectively. Now Just observe $AH_BH_CE$ is cyclic With Circumcenter $X$ Then as $\angle HEA=90^\circ$ So $X\in AH$ And also as $E\in$ Angle bisector of $\angle BAC$ So $H_BE=H_CE$
Now just observe if $D$ is the midpoint of $BC$ then $H_BD=H_CD=\frac{BC}{2}$ and also

$\angle XH_BD=\angle XH_CD=90^\circ$ Hence $H_BD, H_CD$ are tangents from $D$ and as $H_BE=H_CE$ So clearly $X, E, D$ Are collinear. And as $F\in XE$ So $F, E, D$ Are collinear $\blacksquare$

Also Here's More harder Version of the question.. Why in the question $O$ is Defined??
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by Maths_1729, Mar 29, 2021, 4:43 PM
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sotpidot
290 posts
#13
Y by
sol
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peterdawson
25 posts
#14
Y by
This is India TST Problem? Shame. It is great configuration though.

Let X and Y be the foot of perpendicular from B to AC and C to AB respectively. We see that due to Three Tangents Lemma, DX and DY are tangent to circle with diameter AH and so D lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY and E and F also lie on this circle due to the given conditions, now we see that AE is internal angle bisector of \angle XAY so E lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY since E lies on circle with diameter AH and since \angle FAE = 90^\circ, we see that F lies on external angle bisector of \angle XAY and so F lies on perpendicular bisector of segment XY as F lies on circle with diameter AH, so points D, E, F lie on the perpendicular bisector of segment XY as desired

PS : By today I will be allowed to LaTeX this post so for now posting a non-LaTeXed solution
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RamtinVaziri
28 posts
#15 • 2 Y
Y by sotpidot, Miku_
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by RamtinVaziri, Mar 30, 2021, 12:46 PM
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L567
1184 posts
#16
Y by
Wait why are the previous solns so complex?

Let $N$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and let $X,Y$ be the altitudes to $AC,AB$

$N$ is the center of $(AXHY)$ and also its well known that $DX,DY$ are tangent to this circle. So, $DN$ intersects the circle at the midpoints of the minor and major arcs $XY$. But since in $\triangle AXY$, $AE$ is angle bisector, it passes through the midpoint of the minor arc and we easily see that $F$ is the midpoint of major arc and so we're done
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guptaamitu1
656 posts
#17
Y by
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :
Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Can someone please tell how to prove this generalization.
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ike.chen
1162 posts
#18
Y by
Old Terrible Solution

Since $AEHF$ is a rectangle, we know $EF$ meets $AH$ at its midpoint $M$. It's well-known that $DM \parallel AO$. Because $E, M, F$ are collinear, it suffices to show $E \in DM$.

Clearly, $M$ is the circumcenter of $(AEHF)$, and $AH$ and $AO$ are isogonal wrt $\angle BAC$. Hence, we have $$\angle OAE = \angle HAE = \angle MAE = \angle MEA$$implying $EM \parallel AO$, which suffices. $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by ike.chen, Oct 29, 2021, 8:47 PM
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MrOreoJuice
594 posts
#19
Y by
Wew
Let $M$ be the midpoint of $AH$ and $H_B,H_C$ be the feet of perpendicular from $B,C$ onto the opposite sides respectively.
  • $A,F,H_C,H,E,H_B$ lies on the circle with diameter $AH$.
  • Note that $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $H_BH_C$ so $F,M,E$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $H_BH_C$.
  • $DM$ is also perpendicular to $H_BH_C$ which is the radical axis of $\{(AH_BH_C) , (BH_CH_BC)\}$.
Combining all of them we get $F-M-E-D$ are collinear.
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Ru83n05
170 posts
#21 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Invert at $A$ sending $H$ to $AH\cap BC$. Since the $A$-Humpty point lies on the $A$--apolonius circle we're done.
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BVKRB-
322 posts
#22
Y by
Storage
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554183
484 posts
#23
Y by
Let $I$ be the midpoint of AH. Diagram attached for reference
Introduce the nine point circle. Notice that $\overline{F-I-E}$ by a basic property of rectangles. So this is equivalent to proving $\overline{I-E-D}$.
Unfortunately this dies to simple angle chasing, if I’m not high.
We shall prove that $\angle{EIH}=\angle{DIH}$.$\angle{EIH}=2\angle{IAE}$ because $I$ is the midpoint of the hypotenuse. Therefore $\angle{EIH}=A+2B-180=B-C$. Now to calculate $\angle{DIG}=\angle{DLG}=\angle{DLB}-\angle{GLB}=B-C$ since $D$ is the midpoint of he hypotenuse of another right angled triangle.
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Fakesolver19
106 posts
#24
Y by
Cute but easy problem :maybe:
Let $AH \cap FE=K$ and as diagonals bisect each other $\Rightarrow K$ is the mid-point of $AH$
Let $X,Y$ be the foot of altitudes on $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
Then $X,Y \in \odot(AEHF)$ with $K$ as the circumcentre.
Constructing a nine point circle of $\triangle ABC$,we see that $XY$ is the radical axis of $\odot(AEHF)$ and $\odot(DXY)$
It's also well know that $DX$ and $DY$ are tangents of $\odot(AEHF)$ at $X$ and $Y$.
This is enough to imply $D$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $XY$ and so does $E$ because $AE$ is the angle bisector of $\triangle AXY$.
Also $K$ lies on the perpendicular bisector and hence $K-E-D$ is collinear implying $F-E-D$ collinear.
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sanyalarnab
947 posts
#25
Y by
Let the foot of altitude from $B$ and $C$ be $H_B$ AND $H_C$.
By Three Tangent lemma, $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangent to $(AH_CHH_B)$. So $DH_B=DH_C$
Also $AE$ bisects $\angle BAC$. Hence by Incenter Excenter lemma, $E$ is the Mid-point of the minor arc $H_BH_C$. So $H_BE=H_CE$. As $\angle FH_BE=\angle FH_CE=90^o$, by congruent triangles, $FH_B=FH_C$. Hence $(FH_CEH_B)$ is harmonic and the result immediately follows. $\blacksquare$
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Bubu-Droid
10 posts
#26 • 1 Y
Y by REYNA_MAIN
Storaij
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Reason: sepling wrong
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gambi
82 posts
#27
Y by
Storage
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TFIRSTMGMEDALIST
162 posts
#28
Y by
gambi wrote:
Storage

beautiful
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Jalil_Huseynov
439 posts
#29 • 2 Y
Y by farhad.fritl, Mango247
It's almost $1$ linear with projective, why anyone didn't try to this?
Let $\omega$ and $\Gamma$ be be circumcircles of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle AHE$, respectively. Let $AE\cap \omega=T, TD\cap \omega= T', BH\cap AC=B', CH\cap AB=C'$. Since $\angle FAE=\angle T'AE=90$, $F-A-T'$ are collinear. Since $BTCT'$ is kite, $(B,C;T,T')=-1$ and projecting this to $\Gamma$ with pencil $A$, we get $(F,E;B',C')=-1$. Since $DB'$ and $DC'$ are tangents to $\omega$, we get $E-F-D$ are collinear.
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jayme
9795 posts
#30 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Dear Mathlinkers,
this nice problem comes from Droz-Farny...

http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Forum/viewtopic.php?f=46&t=481340

Sincerely
Jean-Louis
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Pyramix
419 posts
#31
Y by
Let $M$ be the mid-point of $\overline{AH}$. Since $\angle AE\perp HE$, $\overline{AH}$ is the diameter of $(AEHF)$. So, $M$ is the center of $(AEHF)$. So, $E,M,F$ are collinear.
Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of perpendiculars of $B$ and $C$ onto their opposite sides, respectively. Then, we $A,B_1,H,C_1$ are concyclic, so $B_1,C_1\in(AEHF)$. Let $t$ be the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{B_1C_1}$. Then, $M,D\in t$.
Moreover, $\angle EAC=\angle BAE=\angle EAB_1{\stackrel{B_1\in(AEC_1)}{=}}\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1AE{\stackrel{C_1\in(AEB_1)}{=}}\angle C_1B_1E$. So, $\angle EC_1B_1=\angle C_1B_1E$, giving $\triangle B_1EC_1$ is isosceles triangle. So, $E\in t$. But since $M\in t$ and $M\in\overline{EF}$, it means $F,M,E,D\in t$, as desired. $\square$
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trinhquockhanh
522 posts
#32 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
$\text{It's not that complicated :)}$
https://i.ibb.co/VxphBFk/lmao.png
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by trinhquockhanh, Jul 15, 2023, 11:57 AM
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AN1729
17 posts
#33 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Here's a soln using Nine-Point Circle Configuration!!


Let the midpoint of $AH = X$ , the midpoint of $OH = N =$ nine-point center
Then we know $DX$ is a diameter of Nine point circle. So $D-N-X$ are collinear


$AEHF$ is rectangle $\implies$ $EF$ bisect $AH\implies X \in EF$


By isogonal conjugates, and angle chasing: $AO \parallel EF$
By midpoint theorem: $EF$ bisects $OH \implies N \in EF$


$\implies D \in EF$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by AN1729, Nov 25, 2024, 4:35 PM
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a_n
162 posts
#34 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $XYZ$ be the orthic triangle of $\Delta ABC$

Clearly $E$ and $F$ are on $(AYHZ)$

I know because of EGMO that $DZ$ and $DY$ are tangents to aforementioned circle. (proving is pretty simple if you know your configs, $\astrosun (BZYC) = D$ so you get $\angle YDZ=2\angle YBD= \pi - 2A$ and because $DZ=DY$ we get $\angle DZY = A = \angle ZAY$)

Then $\angle ZAE = \angle YAE$ so $E$ is arc midpoint of $YZ$ and as $F$ is antipode of $E$, it is also an arc midpoint of $YZ$,

hence, $EF$ and the tangents ay $Y$ and $Z$ concur...

really fun problem to do at 4:30 in the morning, life is good : )
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SQTHUSH
154 posts
#35 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Let $AH \cap \odot(ABC)=S,AE\cap \odot(ABC)=T,R$ is the reflection of $T$ by $BC$
Notice $\angle HRT=\angle STR=180^{\circ}-\angle HST=\angle AHR$
Which means that $H-E-R$
So $\angle TER=90^{\circ},RD=DT$
Hence $DE=DT$
Consider that $RT//AH,FH//ET$
So $\angle FHA=\angle ETD$
Since $\angle FHA=\angle AEF$,and $ED=DT$
Hence $\angle AEF=\angle TED$
Which means that $D-E-F$
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by SQTHUSH, Jul 22, 2023, 2:14 AM
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SydoreM
17 posts
#36 • 1 Y
Y by PRMOisTheHardestExam
Since NBWC is harmonic, we project it through A onto (AH) and get that EF and the bases of heights form a harmonic. Hence EF bisects BC.
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IAmTheHazard
5001 posts
#37
Y by
where is $O$ used huh

Let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{AH}$. It clearly suffices to show that $M,E,D$ collinear. Let $P,Q$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$ respectively, so $AEHPQ$ is cyclic with center $M$, so $PM=QM$. Since $E$ is the midpoint of minor arc $PQ$ in $(AEHPQ)$, we have $PE=QE$. Since $BCPQ$ is cyclic with center $D$, we have $PD=QD$. Hence $M,E,D$ lie on the perpendicular bisector of $\overline{PQ}$. $\blacksquare$
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lifeismathematics
1188 posts
#38 • 1 Y
Y by GeoKing
Let $X$ be the midpoint of $AH$ , then sps $\angle{HXE}=\theta$ since $FE$ and $AH$ are length of diagonals and $H$ is there midpoint we have $\angle{XEH}=90^{\circ}-\frac{\theta}{2}$ , so $\angle{XEA}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $AFHE$ is a rectangle , so $\angle{XAE}=\frac{\theta}{2}$ as $XA=AE$, also $\frac{\theta}{2}=\frac{B-C}{2}$ which means $\theta=B-C$.

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Claim:}} \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$

$\textcolor{blue}{\mathrm{Pf:}}$ clearly $X$ lies on nine point circle of $\triangle{ABC}$ , so it is well known that $XD|| AO$ , so $\angle{HXD}=\angle{HAO}=B-C \implies \angle{DXH}=\angle{EXH}$ $\square$.

which means $\overline{X-E-D}$ but also since $AFHE$ is a rectangle so $\overline{F-X-E} \implies \overline{F-E-D}$. $\blacksquare$
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DomX
8 posts
#39 • 1 Y
Y by Vahe_Arsenyan
Take the circumference of diameter $AH$. Now by taking $H_B$, $H_C$ as the feet of the altitudes through $B$ and $C$ respectively, we get that $E$ and $F$ are in its perpendicular bisector. As it is well-known that $D$ also is in it (which follows from the fact that $DH_B$ and $DH_C$ are tangents to the said circumference), we're done.
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cursed_tangent1434
635 posts
#40
Y by
This is actually quite a nice complex bash.

We set $(AH)$ be the unit circle. Let $P_B,P_C$ be the feet of the altitudes from $B$ and $C$. Then, we set $a=x^2,p_b=y^2$ and $p_c=z^2$. It follows that $h=-x^2$.

Then, $E$ is clearly the minor arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ which means $e=-yz$. Thus, $f=yz$ ($F$ is the reflection of $E$ over the center as we construct $F$ such that $AFHE$ is a rectangle). Then, $D$ is well known to be the intersection of the tangents to $(AH)$ at $P_B$ and $P_C$.
Thus, $d=\frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}$. Then,
\begin{align*}
\frac{d-e}{f-e} &= \frac{2y^2z^2}{y^2+z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Also,
\[\overline{\left(\frac{d-e}{f-e}\right)} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}\]Now, note that since $yz$ (which is known to be the complex number denoting the arc midpoint of $P_BP_C$ including $A$), $y^2$ and $z^2$ all lie on the unit circle,
\begin{align*}
\overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)} &= \frac{\frac{1}{yz}}{\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}}\\
&= \frac{1}{yz} \cdot \frac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}\\
&= \frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}
\end{align*}Thus, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} = \overline{\left(\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2}\right)}$ which implies that, $\frac{yz}{y^2+z^2} \in \mathbb{R}$ and thus, $D-E-F$ as needed.
This post has been edited 2 times. Last edited by cursed_tangent1434, Dec 14, 2023, 11:00 AM
Reason: errors
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Om245
164 posts
#41 • 2 Y
Y by Deadline, GeoKing
RamtinVaziri wrote:
This can be generalized and its not only for the orthocenter
$\textrm{Generalized Form}$ :

Let $P$ be the isogonal conjugate of any point on the perpendicular bisector of $BC$ , let $E , F$ be the feets of the perpendicular from $P$ to the internal and external bisectors of angle $\angle{BAC}$ , Prove that $E , F$ and the midpoint of side $BC$ are collinear!

Nice :play_ball:

Let $D$ be point of perpendicular bisector of $BC$ and $P$ its isogonal conjugate. Let $\triangle XYZ$ be Pedal triangle of $P$ with $X,Y,Z$ lie on $AC,AB,BC$ respectively.
$$\measuredangle {CBD}=\measuredangle{PBA}=\measuredangle {PZY}= \measuredangle {DCB}=\measuredangle{ACP}=\measuredangle {XZP}$$give us $ZP$ is angle bisector of $\angle XZY$.

As $D$ and $P$ are isogonal conjugate, By well know property circumcircle of pedal triangle of both point is same
hence $M$ lie on $(XYZ)$. Where $M$ is midpoint of $BC$.

Observe that $MX=MY$ (by considering $ZP$ as angle bisector). Hence $M$ lie on perpendicular bisector of $XY$.
Now as $AE$ and $AF$ are angle bisector we have $EF$ is perpendicular bisector of $XY$.hence $E,F,M$.
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g0USinsane777
48 posts
#42
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Let $S$ and $T$ be the feet of perpendiculars from $B$ and $C$ to the sides $AC$ and $AB$ respectively.
$(AFTHES)$ is cyclic with diameter $AH$ and $AH$ and $EF$ intersect at the midpoint of $AH$, i.e., the center of the circle, since $AHEF$ is rectangle. Since, $EF$ is a line passing through the center of the cirlce $(ASHT)$ and it is also parallel to $AO$, which is in turn perpendicular to $ST$, line $EF$ is actually the perpendicular bisector of $ST$. It is also well known, that $DS$ and $DT$ are tangents to $(ASHT)$, implying $D$ also lies on the perpendicular bisector of $ST$, yielding the collinearity.
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eibc
600 posts
#43
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Let $B_1$ and $C_1$ be the feet of the $B$ and $C$ altitudes in $\triangle ABC$. Since $\overline{EF}$ is a diameter of $(AH)$ and $EB_1 = EC_1$, we have $(B_1, C_1; E, F) = -1$. Since the tangents to $(AH)$ at $B_1$ and $C_1$ intersect at $D$ by three tangents lemma, $EF$ must also pass through $D$.
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L13832
268 posts
#44
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cute
solution
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