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k a May Highlights and 2025 AoPS Online Class Information
jlacosta   0
May 1, 2025
May is an exciting month! National MATHCOUNTS is the second week of May in Washington D.C. and our Founder, Richard Rusczyk will be presenting a seminar, Preparing Strong Math Students for College and Careers, on May 11th.

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[*]May 21st, 4:00pm PT/7:00pm ET, Mathcamp 2025 Qualifying Quiz Part 2 Math Jam, Problems 5 and 6, Canada/USA Mathcamp staff will discuss solutions to Problems 5 and 6 of the 2025 Mathcamp Qualifying Quiz![/list]
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0 replies
jlacosta
May 1, 2025
0 replies
k i Adding contests to the Contest Collections
dcouchman   1
N Apr 5, 2023 by v_Enhance
Want to help AoPS remain a valuable Olympiad resource? Help us add contests to AoPS's Contest Collections.

Find instructions and a list of contests to add here: https://artofproblemsolving.com/community/c40244h1064480_contests_to_add
1 reply
dcouchman
Sep 9, 2019
v_Enhance
Apr 5, 2023
k i Zero tolerance
ZetaX   49
N May 4, 2019 by NoDealsHere
Source: Use your common sense! (enough is enough)
Some users don't want to learn, some other simply ignore advises.
But please follow the following guideline:


To make it short: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!
If you don't have common sense, don't post.


More specifically:

For new threads:


a) Good, meaningful title:
The title has to say what the problem is about in best way possible.
If that title occured already, it's definitely bad. And contest names aren't good either.
That's in fact a requirement for being able to search old problems.

Examples:
Bad titles:
- "Hard"/"Medium"/"Easy" (if you find it so cool how hard/easy it is, tell it in the post and use a title that tells us the problem)
- "Number Theory" (hey guy, guess why this forum's named that way¿ and is it the only such problem on earth¿)
- "Fibonacci" (there are millions of Fibonacci problems out there, all posted and named the same...)
- "Chinese TST 2003" (does this say anything about the problem¿)
Good titles:
- "On divisors of a³+2b³+4c³-6abc"
- "Number of solutions to x²+y²=6z²"
- "Fibonacci numbers are never squares"


b) Use search function:
Before posting a "new" problem spend at least two, better five, minutes to look if this problem was posted before. If it was, don't repost it. If you have anything important to say on topic, post it in one of the older threads.
If the thread is locked cause of this, use search function.

Update (by Amir Hossein). The best way to search for two keywords in AoPS is to input
[code]+"first keyword" +"second keyword"[/code]
so that any post containing both strings "first word" and "second form".


c) Good problem statement:
Some recent really bad post was:
[quote]$lim_{n\to 1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{n}-lnn$[/quote]
It contains no question and no answer.
If you do this, too, you are on the best way to get your thread deleted. Write everything clearly, define where your variables come from (and define the "natural" numbers if used). Additionally read your post at least twice before submitting. After you sent it, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.


For answers to already existing threads:


d) Of any interest and with content:
Don't post things that are more trivial than completely obvious. For example, if the question is to solve $x^{3}+y^{3}=z^{3}$, do not answer with "$x=y=z=0$ is a solution" only. Either you post any kind of proof or at least something unexpected (like "$x=1337, y=481, z=42$ is the smallest solution). Someone that does not see that $x=y=z=0$ is a solution of the above without your post is completely wrong here, this is an IMO-level forum.
Similar, posting "I have solved this problem" but not posting anything else is not welcome; it even looks that you just want to show off what a genius you are.

e) Well written and checked answers:
Like c) for new threads, check your solutions at least twice for mistakes. And after sending, read it again and use the Edit-Button if necessary to correct errors.



To repeat it: ALWAYS USE YOUR COMMON SENSE IF POSTING!


Everything definitely out of range of common sense will be locked or deleted (exept for new users having less than about 42 posts, they are newbies and need/get some time to learn).

The above rules will be applied from next monday (5. march of 2007).
Feel free to discuss on this here.
49 replies
ZetaX
Feb 27, 2007
NoDealsHere
May 4, 2019
3-var inequality
sqing   3
N a minute ago by ytChen
Source: Own
Let $ a,b>0 $ and $\frac{1}{a^2+3}+ \frac{1}{b^2+ 3} \leq \frac{1}{2} . $ Prove that
$$a^2+ab+b^2\geq 3$$$$a^2-ab+b^2 \geq 1 $$Let $ a,b>0 $ and $\frac{1}{a^3+3}+ \frac{1}{b^3+ 3}\leq \frac{1}{2} . $ Prove that
$$a^3+ab+b^3 \geq 3$$$$ a^3-ab+b^3\geq 1 $$
3 replies
sqing
May 7, 2025
ytChen
a minute ago
An I for an I
Eyed   67
N 17 minutes ago by AR17296174
Source: 2020 ISL G8
Let $ABC$ be a triangle with incenter $I$ and circumcircle $\Gamma$. Circles $\omega_{B}$ passing through $B$ and $\omega_{C}$ passing through $C$ are tangent at $I$. Let $\omega_{B}$ meet minor arc $AB$ of $\Gamma$ at $P$ and $AB$ at $M\neq B$, and let $\omega_{C}$ meet minor arc $AC$ of $\Gamma$ at $Q$ and $AC$ at $N\neq C$. Rays $PM$ and $QN$ meet at $X$. Let $Y$ be a point such that $YB$ is tangent to $\omega_{B}$ and $YC$ is tangent to $\omega_{C}$.

Show that $A,X,Y$ are collinear.
67 replies
Eyed
Jul 20, 2021
AR17296174
17 minutes ago
IMO 2018 Problem 1
juckter   169
N an hour ago by Thelink_20
Let $\Gamma$ be the circumcircle of acute triangle $ABC$. Points $D$ and $E$ are on segments $AB$ and $AC$ respectively such that $AD = AE$. The perpendicular bisectors of $BD$ and $CE$ intersect minor arcs $AB$ and $AC$ of $\Gamma$ at points $F$ and $G$ respectively. Prove that lines $DE$ and $FG$ are either parallel or they are the same line.

Proposed by Silouanos Brazitikos, Evangelos Psychas and Michael Sarantis, Greece
169 replies
juckter
Jul 9, 2018
Thelink_20
an hour ago
Urgent. Need them quick
sealight2107   2
N 2 hours ago by Bergo1305
With $a,b,c>1$ and $a+b+c=2abc$. Prove that:
$\sqrt[3]{ab-1}+\sqrt[3]{bc-1}+\sqrt[3]{ca-1} \le \sqrt[3]{(a+b+c)^2}$
2 replies
sealight2107
Yesterday at 4:58 PM
Bergo1305
2 hours ago
Croatian mathematical olympiad, day 1, problem 2
Matematika   6
N 2 hours ago by Cqy00000000
There were finitely many persons at a party among whom some were friends. Among any $4$ of them there were either $3$ who were all friends among each other or $3$ who weren't friend with each other. Prove that you can separate all the people at the party in two groups in such a way that in the first group everyone is friends with each other and that all the people in the second group are not friends to anyone else in second group. (Friendship is a mutual relation).
6 replies
Matematika
Apr 10, 2011
Cqy00000000
2 hours ago
Game
Pascual2005   27
N 2 hours ago by HamstPan38825
Source: Colombia TST, IMO ShortList 2004, combinatorics problem 5
$A$ and $B$ play a game, given an integer $N$, $A$ writes down $1$ first, then every player sees the last number written and if it is $n$ then in his turn he writes $n+1$ or $2n$, but his number cannot be bigger than $N$. The player who writes $N$ wins. For which values of $N$ does $B$ win?

Proposed by A. Slinko & S. Marshall, New Zealand
27 replies
Pascual2005
Jun 7, 2005
HamstPan38825
2 hours ago
Lines concur on bisector of BAC
Invertibility   2
N 4 hours ago by NO_SQUARES
Source: Slovenia 2025 TST 3 P2
Let $\Omega$ be the circumcircle of a scalene triangle $ABC$. Let $\omega$ be a circle internally tangent to $\Omega$ in $A$. Tangents from $B$ touch $\omega$ in $P$ and $Q$, such that $P$ lies in the interior of $\triangle{}ABC$. Similarly, tangents from $C$ touch $\omega$ in $R$ and $S$, such that $R$ lies in the interior of $\triangle{}ABC$.

Prove that $PS$ and $QR$ concur on the bisector of $\angle{}BAC$.
2 replies
Invertibility
4 hours ago
NO_SQUARES
4 hours ago
Why is the old one deleted?
EeEeRUT   16
N 5 hours ago by ravengsd
Source: EGMO 2025 P1
For a positive integer $N$, let $c_1 < c_2 < \cdots < c_m$ be all positive integers smaller than $N$ that are coprime to $N$. Find all $N \geqslant 3$ such that $$\gcd( N, c_i + c_{i+1}) \neq 1$$for all $1 \leqslant i \leqslant m-1$

Here $\gcd(a, b)$ is the largest positive integer that divides both $a$ and $b$. Integers $a$ and $b$ are coprime if $\gcd(a, b) = 1$.

Proposed by Paulius Aleknavičius, Lithuania
16 replies
EeEeRUT
Apr 16, 2025
ravengsd
5 hours ago
angle chasing with 2 midpoints, equal angles given and wanted
parmenides51   5
N 5 hours ago by breloje17fr
Source: Ukrainian Geometry Olympiad 2017, IX p1, X p1, XI p1
In the triangle $ABC$, ${{A}_{1}}$ and ${{C}_{1}} $ are the midpoints of sides $BC $ and $AB$ respectively. Point $P$ lies inside the triangle. Let $\angle BP {{C}_{1}} = \angle PCA$. Prove that $\angle BP {{A}_{1}} = \angle PAC $.
5 replies
parmenides51
Dec 11, 2018
breloje17fr
5 hours ago
Problem 4 of Finals
GeorgeRP   2
N 6 hours ago by Assassino9931
Source: XIII International Festival of Young Mathematicians Sozopol 2024, Theme for 10-12 grade
The diagonals \( AD \), \( BE \), and \( CF \) of a hexagon \( ABCDEF \) inscribed in a circle \( k \) intersect at a point \( P \), and the acute angle between any two of them is \( 60^\circ \). Let \( r_{AB} \) be the radius of the circle tangent to segments \( PA \) and \( PB \) and internally tangent to \( k \); the radii \( r_{BC} \), \( r_{CD} \), \( r_{DE} \), \( r_{EF} \), and \( r_{FA} \) are defined similarly. Prove that
\[
r_{AB}r_{CD} + r_{CD}r_{EF} + r_{EF}r_{AB} = r_{BC}r_{DE} + r_{DE}r_{FA} + r_{FA}r_{BC}.
\]
2 replies
GeorgeRP
Sep 10, 2024
Assassino9931
6 hours ago
Interesting functional equation with geometry
User21837561   3
N Yesterday at 6:34 PM by Double07
Source: BMOSL 2024 G7
For an acute triangle $ABC$, let $O$ be the circumcentre, $H$ be the orthocentre, and $G$ be the centroid.
Let $f:\pi\rightarrow\mathbb R$ satisfy the following condition:
$f(A)+f(B)+f(C)=f(O)+f(G)+f(H)$
Prove that $f$ is constant.
3 replies
User21837561
Yesterday at 8:14 AM
Double07
Yesterday at 6:34 PM
greatest volume
hzbrl   1
N Yesterday at 6:32 PM by hzbrl
Source: purple comet
A large sphere with radius 7 contains three smaller balls each with radius 3 . The three balls are each externally tangent to the other two balls and internally tangent to the large sphere. There are four right circular cones that can be inscribed in the large sphere in such a way that the bases of the cones are tangent to all three balls. Of these four cones, the one with the greatest volume has volume $n \pi$. Find $n$.
1 reply
hzbrl
Thursday at 9:56 AM
hzbrl
Yesterday at 6:32 PM
(n+1)2^n, (n+3)2^{n+2} not perfect squares for the same n
parmenides51   3
N Yesterday at 6:31 PM by AylyGayypow009
Source: Greece JBMO TST 2015 p3
Prove that there is not a positive integer $n$ such that numbers $(n+1)2^n, (n+3)2^{n+2}$ are both perfect squares.
3 replies
parmenides51
Apr 29, 2019
AylyGayypow009
Yesterday at 6:31 PM
IMO 2010 Problem 3
canada   59
N Yesterday at 6:23 PM by pi271828
Find all functions $g:\mathbb{N}\rightarrow\mathbb{N}$ such that \[\left(g(m)+n\right)\left(g(n)+m\right)\] is a perfect square for all $m,n\in\mathbb{N}.$

Proposed by Gabriel Carroll, USA
59 replies
canada
Jul 7, 2010
pi271828
Yesterday at 6:23 PM
Weird ninja points collinearity
americancheeseburger4281   1
N Apr 27, 2025 by MathLuis
Source: Someone I know
For some triangle, define its Ninja Point as the point on its circumcircle such that its Steiner line coincides with the Euler line of the triangle. For an triangle $ABC$, define:
[list]
[*]$O$ as its circumcentre, $H$ as its orthocentre and $N_9$ as its nine-point centre.
[*]$M_a$, $M_b$ and $M_c$ to be the midpoint of the smaller arcs.
[*]$G$ as the isogonal conjugate of the Nagel point (i.e. the exsimillicenter of the incircle and circumcircle)
[*]$S$ as the ninja point of $\Delta M_aM_bM_c$
[*]$K$ as the ninja point of the contact triangle
[/list]
Prove that:
$(a)$ Points $K$, $N_9$ and $I$ are collinear, that is $K$ is the Feuerbach point.
$(b)$ Points $H$, $G$ and $S$ are collinear
1 reply
americancheeseburger4281
Apr 26, 2025
MathLuis
Apr 27, 2025
Weird ninja points collinearity
G H J
Source: Someone I know
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americancheeseburger4281
31 posts
#1
Y by
For some triangle, define its Ninja Point as the point on its circumcircle such that its Steiner line coincides with the Euler line of the triangle. For an triangle $ABC$, define:
  • $O$ as its circumcentre, $H$ as its orthocentre and $N_9$ as its nine-point centre.
  • $M_a$, $M_b$ and $M_c$ to be the midpoint of the smaller arcs.
  • $G$ as the isogonal conjugate of the Nagel point (i.e. the exsimillicenter of the incircle and circumcircle)
  • $S$ as the ninja point of $\Delta M_aM_bM_c$
  • $K$ as the ninja point of the contact triangle
Prove that:
$(a)$ Points $K$, $N_9$ and $I$ are collinear, that is $K$ is the Feuerbach point.
$(b)$ Points $H$, $G$ and $S$ are collinear
Z K Y
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MathLuis
1524 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by Yiyj1
Denote $\mathcal H$ as the feuerbach hyperbola, then redefine $S$ as the antigonal conjugate of $H$ in $\triangle ABC$, clearly its isogonal conjugate in $\triangle ABC$ is $\infty_{OI}$ which therefore shows that (notice $OI$ is by homothety euler line of $\triangle M_AM_BM_C, \triangle DEF$ where incircle of $\triangle ABC$ touches $BC,CA,AB$ at $D,E,F$ respectively) in fact $S$ is our desired ninja point.
Now redefine $K$ as the center of $\mathcal H$ then let $L,J$ orthocenters of $\triangle AIB, \triangle AIC$ respectively, then they also lie on $\mathcal H$ but also let $ID \cap EF=M$ and $N$ midpoint of $BC$, either from ratio lemma or homothety we can see that $A,M,N$ are colinear but also recall that the poles of $L,J$ w.r.t. $(DEF)$ are the $B,C$-midbases of $\triangle ABC$ respectively therefore $L,D,J$ are colinear and lie on the polar of $N$ w.r.t. $(DEF)$ so by homothety and letting $LJ \cap EF=V$ we have to notice from La'Hire twice that $M$ lies on the polar of $V$ w.r.t. $(DEF)$ and therefore $-1=(E, F; M, V)$, we will use this later.
Now recall from Iran Lemma twice that $AL, DE, BI$ meet at a point $P$ and $AJ, DF, CI$ meet at a point $Q$ and however $P,Q$ lie on $(AI)$ and the $A$-midbase on $\triangle ABC$ which is sufficient to tell that $I$ is the orthocenter of $\triangle PDQ$, now let $IN \cap LJ=R$ then $\angle IRD=90$ but we will prove $R$ is the $D$-queue point of $\triangle PDQ$ because $-1=(E, F; M, V) \overset{D}{=} (DP, DQ; DI, DR)$ which is enough by the radax that gives an harmonic showing it lies on line $DR$ however by the angle condition mentioned we force $R$ to be our desired point.
And this is so useful because now notice on $\triangle ALJ$ that since $A,L,J \in \mathcal H$ we have that by invariant of pedal circles through the center of $\mathcal H$ that $QKPRD$ is cyclic but also reflecting $K$ over $DE,DF$ let them be $K_1,K_2$ then you also reflect this recently found circle to see that $K_2QID, K_1PID$ are cyclic and thus note $\measuredangle K_2ID=\measuredangle K_2QD=\measuredangle DQK=\measuredangle DPK=\measuredangle K_1PD=\measuredangle K_1ID$ which shows that $K_1,I,K_2$ are colinear so we have that $K$ is indeed anti-steiner of $IO$ as desired.
And now we are basically done because $S$ is just $H$ reflected over $K$ so the colinearity $H,G,K,S$ is trivial by considering homothety at $G$ sending $\triangle DEF$ to $\triangle M_AM_BM_C$ thus we are done :cool:.
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